本文關鍵詞：礦糧復合區(qū)耕地利用效率評價及其影響因素研究　出處：《東華理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 礦糧復合區(qū) 農(nóng)戶 耕地利用效率評價 隨機前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù)(SFA) 影響因素

【摘要】：改革開放以來,隨著城鎮(zhèn)化與工業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展,建設占用耕地的現(xiàn)象屢禁不止,耕地污染現(xiàn)象日益嚴重,這些問題已嚴重威脅著我國本已十分脆弱的生態(tài)安全問題和糧食安全問題。我國是世界上人口最多,耕地資源豐富而人均耕地資源卻十分稀缺的國家,耕地資源絕對數(shù)量大,人均相對較小的特殊性決定了我國必須采取節(jié)約集約利用耕地,提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的舉措。然而,近年來隨著礦產(chǎn)資源的大量開采,糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)與礦產(chǎn)開采區(qū)交互重疊,礦產(chǎn)資源開采過程帶來的水污染、耕地污染以及地表下陷等問題,導致耕地質量和土壤肥力的下降,最終影響礦區(qū)附近農(nóng)戶農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)收益。因此,提高礦區(qū)耕地利用效率迫在眉睫,關鍵是開展對礦糧復合區(qū)耕地利用效率的測算及其影響因素的研究。雖然學術界在礦糧復合區(qū)耕地利用效率的研究上開展了大量課題,但是這還不能滿足國家社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需求,有針對性的研究礦區(qū)耕地利用效率及其影響因素的相關理論還不夠完善。本文試圖對礦區(qū)耕地利用效率進行測算并分析其主要影響因素,以期為農(nóng)戶生產(chǎn)決策提供一定的理論支持。本文以江西省上饒市德興銅礦及其附近村組的農(nóng)戶為研究對象,獲取德興銅礦附近農(nóng)戶的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)污染程度的不同分為四大類型農(nóng)戶,基于前景理論和農(nóng)戶行為理論對不同類型農(nóng)戶勞動和資本投入行為進行預測并做出假設,采用隨機前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù)對耕地投入產(chǎn)出關系建立模型,利用Frontier4.1軟件對參數(shù)進行估計并測算農(nóng)戶耕地利用效率,實證研究并分析了耕地利用效率及其影響因素,對提高農(nóng)戶耕地利用效率,增加農(nóng)戶收入具有較大的理論和實際意義。研究的主要結論為礦糧復合區(qū)內(nèi)無污染農(nóng)戶、污染較輕農(nóng)戶、污染較重農(nóng)戶以及污染嚴重農(nóng)戶的勞動投入依次遞減,資本投入總體呈遞減的趨勢,較好的反映了前文做出的假設;不同類型農(nóng)戶的平均耕地利用效率分別為61.86%、53.06%、57.93%、50.40%,說明隨著污染程度的加重,不同類型農(nóng)戶平均耕地利用效率呈倒“N”型。通過隨機前沿生產(chǎn)函數(shù)模型分析可知,耕地細碎化、受教育程度、勞動力年齡以及農(nóng)戶參與污染治理意愿是影響耕地利用效率的主要因素。根據(jù)研究結論可知,可以從以下幾方面采取措施提高農(nóng)戶耕地利用效率:(1)因地制宜,適當保持小農(nóng)戶經(jīng)營模式;(2)大力提高農(nóng)民受教育程度,實施科技興農(nóng)政策;(3)制定相關政策法規(guī),吸引部分中青年勞動力回流從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)活動;(4)政府應采取綜合措施積極治理耕地污染,并調(diào)動農(nóng)戶參與的積極性。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, farmland construction phenomenon repeated, farmland pollution is becoming increasingly serious. These problems have been a serious threat to ecological security and food security of our country has been very fragile. China is the world's largest population, cultivated land resources per capita arable land resources are rich and very scarce countries, the absolute number of cultivated land resources, per capita of relatively small determines that China must take intensive use of cultivated land, improving agricultural production efficiency initiatives. However, in recent years, with a large number of exploitation of mineral resources, the main grain producing areas and the interaction of mining areas overlap, water pollution brings the process of exploiting mineral resources the problem of pollution and land subsidence, resulting in a decline in the quality of cultivated land and soil fertility, and ultimately affect the income of agricultural production in the mining area near the farmers. So, To improve the utilization efficiency of imminent mining area of cultivated land, the key is to carry out research on the use of measurement and regression efficiency of composite land mine and grain. Although a large number of academic subject in the study area of cultivated land use efficiency composite ore grain development, but it still can not meet the national social and economic development needs, targeted research area land use efficiency and its influencing factors related theory is still not perfect. This paper attempts to calculate the mining land use efficiency and analyze the main influence factors, in order to provide theoretical support for the farmers' production decisions. This paper takes Jiangxi city of Shangrao province in Dexing copper mine and near the village of farmers as the research object, questionnaire survey data from Dexing copper mine farmers in the vicinity. According to the different degree of pollution for four types of farmers, farmer behavior theory of prospect theory and based on different types of agricultural Household labor and capital investment behavior prediction and make assumptions, establish the model of cultivated land input-output relation by using stochastic frontier production function, and estimates the parameters and calculate the land use efficiency by using Frontier4.1 software, empirical research and analysis of the land use efficiency and its influencing factors, to improve the utilization efficiency of arable land, has great theoretical and practical the significance of increasing farmers' income. The main conclusions of the study of mineral grain complex area pollution farmers, less pollution farmers, heavy pollution and severe pollution of farmers farmers labor input in decline, capital investment had a decreasing trend, and reflects the above assumptions made; the average efficiency of cultivated land use of different types of farmers were 61.86%, 53.06%, 57.93%, 50.40%, with the severity of the pollution, different types of households the average land use efficiency of inverted N ". through the stochastic frontier production function model analysis, land fragmentation, education level, age and labor force farmers to participate in pollution control will be the main factors influencing the cultivated land use efficiency. According to the conclusion of the study shows that we can take measures from the following aspects: land use efficiency high farmers (1) according to local conditions, to keep the small farmer management mode; (2) improve peasant education, implement the policy of agriculture science and technology; (3) the formulation of relevant policies and regulations to attract some young labor engaged in agricultural production activities; (4) the government should actively take comprehensive measures to pollution of cultivated land, and mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate in.

【學位授予單位】：東華理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.211

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