本文選題：異質(zhì)性 + 流通費(fèi)用理論��； 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易研究僅僅關(guān)注于形成比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的生產(chǎn)成本,而對(duì)貿(mào)易過程中發(fā)生的貿(mào)易成本缺乏關(guān)注。其實(shí)貿(mào)易成本不僅不容忽視,且相較于生產(chǎn)成本,貿(mào)易成本在總成本中占有更大比例。特別是近年來隨著國際分工的深化和生產(chǎn)力的不斷提升,生產(chǎn)成本已被壓縮到了一定的極限值,存在于流通領(lǐng)域的貿(mào)易成本才是未來貿(mào)易研究的重點(diǎn)。受歐債危機(jī)影響,近年來我國出口與經(jīng)濟(jì)增速雙雙下降,貿(mào)易成本問題再次成為研究熱點(diǎn),而有關(guān)貿(mào)易成本與出口的文獻(xiàn)尚不多見,特別是有關(guān)不同種類貿(mào)易成本對(duì)出口影響的研究更是寥寥無幾 2013年9月上海自貿(mào)區(qū)正式成立,自貿(mào)區(qū)內(nèi)實(shí)行支持人民幣跨境使用、稅率優(yōu)惠、取消多種貿(mào)易壁壘、簡化通關(guān)制度、縮減審批時(shí)間等政策。這些政策都旨在降低我國企業(yè)與貿(mào)易伙伴間的貿(mào)易成本,通過降低貿(mào)易成本達(dá)到增進(jìn)出口的目的。 自貿(mào)區(qū)的建設(shè)也提醒著我們應(yīng)該更加深入的研究貿(mào)易成本,提出更具針對(duì)性的政策建議,實(shí)施更有效的措施。但是現(xiàn)有貿(mào)易成本的研究主要集中在對(duì)其的測(cè)度與影響因素的分析上,而筆者認(rèn)為使用貿(mào)易量測(cè)算貿(mào)易成本的方法是有失偏頗的,貿(mào)易成本與貿(mào)易量之間的邏輯關(guān)系不應(yīng)該是貿(mào)易量決定貿(mào)易成本,因此我們無法使用貿(mào)易量來測(cè)算貿(mào)易成本。鑒于筆者對(duì)現(xiàn)有測(cè)度貿(mào)易成本文獻(xiàn)的不認(rèn)可,本文通過將馬克思流通費(fèi)用理論拓展到國際貿(mào)易理論之中,對(duì)貿(mào)易成本進(jìn)行重新分類。按能否創(chuàng)造價(jià)值將貿(mào)易成本劃分為生產(chǎn)性貿(mào)易成本、可變純粹貿(mào)易成本和固定純粹貿(mào)易成本三類,并分析不同種類貿(mào)易成本對(duì)出口的不同影響。本文在企業(yè)異質(zhì)性框架下理論分析了不同種類貿(mào)易成本影響出口的不同機(jī)理,同時(shí)利用靜動(dòng)態(tài)面板結(jié)合的方法實(shí)證分析了不同種類貿(mào)易成本對(duì)我國出口的影響大小。結(jié)果表明三類貿(mào)易成本皆與出口額存在反向相關(guān)關(guān)系,且生產(chǎn)性貿(mào)易成本對(duì)出口的影響要顯著大于純粹貿(mào)易成本,而可變純粹貿(mào)易成本略大于固定純粹貿(mào)易成本。本文最后結(jié)合我國貿(mào)易成本現(xiàn)狀,提出本相應(yīng)政策建議。 本文共有六章,導(dǎo)論部分闡述了選題背景與意義以及國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的綜述,并介紹了本文的研究方法、內(nèi)容框架、創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)及不足之處。第二章介紹了現(xiàn)有貿(mào)易成本的測(cè)度方法和分類方法,分別給予評(píng)價(jià)并對(duì)現(xiàn)有分類方法進(jìn)行改進(jìn)。第三章介紹了不同種類貿(mào)易成本之于出口的作用機(jī)理,從理論上比較了不同種類貿(mào)易成本影響出口的大小。第四章和第五章從統(tǒng)計(jì)分析和計(jì)量估計(jì)角度實(shí)證分析了我國與主要貿(mào)易伙伴間貿(mào)易成本現(xiàn)狀以及比較了不同種類貿(mào)易成本影響出口的大小。第六章根據(jù)第四章的統(tǒng)計(jì)性分析和第五章的計(jì)量估計(jì)得出本文結(jié)論,并根據(jù)結(jié)論提出四點(diǎn)相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:The traditional trade research only pays attention to the production cost which forms the comparative advantage, but does not pay attention to the trade cost that occurs in the course of trade. In fact, trade costs not only can not be ignored, but also account for a larger proportion of total costs than production costs. Especially in recent years, with the deepening of international division of labor and the continuous improvement of productivity, the production cost has been reduced to a certain limit value, and the trade cost in the field of circulation is the focus of future trade research. Affected by the European debt crisis, China's exports and economic growth have both declined in recent years, and the issue of trade costs has once again become a hot research topic, but the literature on trade costs and exports is still rare. In particular, there is little research on the impact of different types of trade costs on exports In September 2013, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone was formally established. The zone implements policies to support cross-border use of RMB, preferential tax rates, removal of various trade barriers, simplification of customs clearance system, and reduction of examination and approval time. These policies are aimed at reducing the trade cost between Chinese enterprises and trading partners and promoting exports by reducing trade costs. The construction of free trade zone also reminds us that we should study trade cost more deeply, put forward more targeted policy recommendations and implement more effective measures. However, the existing research on trade cost mainly focuses on the analysis of its measurement and influence factors, and the author thinks that the method of measuring trade cost by trade volume is biased. The logical relationship between trade cost and trade volume should not be that trade volume determines trade cost, so we can not use trade volume to calculate trade cost. In view of the author's disapproval of the existing literature on the measurement of trade cost, this paper reclassifies the trade cost by extending Marx's theory of circulation cost to the theory of international trade. According to whether the value can be created, the trade cost is divided into three categories: productive trade cost, variable pure trade cost and fixed pure trade cost, and the different effects of different kinds of trade cost on export are analyzed. This paper theoretically analyzes the different mechanism of different kinds of trade cost influencing export under the framework of enterprise heterogeneity, and analyzes the influence of different kinds of trade cost on China's export by using the method of static and dynamic panel combination. The results show that there is a reverse correlation between the three types of trade costs and exports, and the impact of productive trade costs on exports is significantly greater than that of pure trade costs, while variable pure trade costs are slightly larger than fixed pure trade costs. In the end, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy suggestions according to the current situation of China's trade cost. There are six chapters in this paper. The introduction describes the background and significance of the topic and the current research situation at home and abroad, and introduces the research methods, content framework, innovation points and shortcomings of this paper. The second chapter introduces the existing trade cost measurement method and classification method, respectively, gives the evaluation and improves the existing classification method. Chapter three introduces the mechanism of different kinds of trade cost to export, and compares the influence of different kinds of trade cost on export theoretically. The fourth and fifth chapters empirically analyze the current situation of trade costs between China and its main trading partners from the perspective of statistical analysis and econometric estimation, and compare the impact of different kinds of trade costs on exports. Chapter 6 draws the conclusion of this paper according to the statistical analysis of chapter four and the econometric estimation of chapter 5, and puts forward four relevant suggestions according to the conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F752.62;F740.45

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