【摘要】：中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展與宏觀經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展相輔相成，一方面宏觀經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展帶動了中小企業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展，另一方面，中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展也為宏觀經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展做出了重要的貢獻。我國中小企業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展處于至關(guān)重要的地位。然而，近年來，受全球經(jīng)濟一體化、國內(nèi)通貨膨脹、勞動力供求關(guān)系的變化等宏觀因素變動的影響，加上企業(yè)自身的因素，中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展受到了嚴重的困擾，用工荒、融資困難以及生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營成本上升等問題突出。尤其是勞動力成本一路攀升，對我國中小企業(yè)長期依賴的低勞動力成本比較優(yōu)勢以及企業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級提出了嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。 本文從勞動力成本的變動情況及中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展方式入手，研究勞動力成本上漲對中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的影響，具體研究內(nèi)容如下：第一章，主要介紹文章的研究背景、研究意義、研究內(nèi)容、研究方法以及創(chuàng)新和不足，此外，還介紹了勞動力成本、企業(yè)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變等相關(guān)概念；第二章，首先對國外相關(guān)理論進行回顧，其次主要論述了近些年我國學(xué)者就勞動力成本上升對宏觀經(jīng)濟和微觀企業(yè)影響的相關(guān)研究成果；第三章，首先采用描述性統(tǒng)計分析方法分析湖北企業(yè)勞動力成本變動趨勢，其次介紹當前中小企業(yè)面臨的用工荒、勞動力成本上升、企業(yè)競爭力不強等問題，最后深入分析導(dǎo)致中小企業(yè)陷入經(jīng)營困境的根本原因；第四章，挖掘勞動力成本上漲的深層原因，闡明其對中小企業(yè)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響，并提出未來我國勞動力成本上漲不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的趨勢；第五章，提出為應(yīng)對勞動力成本上升，一方面，應(yīng)發(fā)揮市場的自主作用“倒逼”中小企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級；另一方面，應(yīng)發(fā)揮政府的協(xié)調(diào)作用，，積極推進收入分配制度改革，建立起正常的工資增長機制，此外，政府還應(yīng)加強對中小企業(yè)的扶持力度，擴大人力資本投入，著重培養(yǎng)中小企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新精神并致力于提高其自主創(chuàng)新能力；第六章，總結(jié)與展望。 文章結(jié)論是，勞動力成本上漲短期內(nèi)會削弱中小企業(yè)的競爭優(yōu)勢，但是長期內(nèi)將有利于倒逼中小企業(yè)提高勞動生產(chǎn)率，進而實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。本文認為，應(yīng)發(fā)揮政府和市場的雙重作用，建立有序的工資增長機制，為中小企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級保駕護航。本文創(chuàng)新點視角獨特，主要注重于微觀企業(yè)勞動力成本的變化，特別是將勞動力成本的變化與經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變聯(lián)系起來進行研究。
[Abstract]:The development of small and medium-sized enterprises and macroeconomic development complement each other. On the one hand, the development of macro-economy has led to the vigorous development of small and medium-sized enterprises, on the other hand, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has also made important contributions to the development of macro-economy. Small and medium-sized enterprises in China are in a vital position in the development of the national economy. However, in recent years, under the influence of global economic integration, domestic inflation, changes in the relationship between supply and demand of labor force and other macro factors, coupled with the factors of the enterprise itself, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has been seriously troubled, such as labor shortage, financing difficulties and rising production and operating costs. In particular, the rising labor cost poses a severe challenge to the comparative advantage of low labor cost that small and medium-sized enterprises rely on for a long time and the transformation and upgrading of enterprises. Starting with the change of labor cost and the development mode of small and medium-sized enterprises, this paper studies the influence of the rise of labor cost on the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. The specific research contents are as follows: the first chapter mainly introduces the research background, research significance, research content, research methods, innovation and shortcomings of the article, in addition, it also introduces the related concepts such as labor cost, the transformation of enterprise development mode and so on. The second chapter, first of all, reviews the relevant theories of foreign countries, and then mainly discusses the related research results of the impact of rising labor costs on macro-economy and micro-enterprises in recent years. The third chapter, first of all, uses descriptive statistical analysis method to analyze the changing trend of labor cost of Hubei enterprises, secondly, introduces the current employment shortage, rising labor cost, weak competitiveness and other problems faced by small and medium-sized enterprises, and finally deeply analyzes the root causes of small and medium-sized enterprises falling into business difficulties. The fourth chapter, excavates the deep reason of the labor cost rise, clarifies its influence on the development of the small and medium-sized enterprises, and puts forward the irreversible trend of the labor cost rise in our country in the future, the fifth chapter, in order to cope with the rising labor cost, on the one hand, we should give full play to the independent role of the market to "force" the small and medium-sized enterprises to transform and upgrade. On the other hand, we should give full play to the coordinating role of the government, actively promote the reform of the income distribution system, and establish a normal wage growth mechanism. in addition, the government should also strengthen its support for small and medium-sized enterprises, expand human capital investment, focus on cultivating the innovative spirit of small and medium-sized enterprises and devote themselves to improving their independent innovation ability. The conclusion of this paper is that the rise of labor cost will weaken the competitive advantage of small and medium-sized enterprises in the short term, but it will be beneficial to the improvement of labor productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises in the long run, so as to realize the transformation and upgrading. This paper holds that we should give full play to the dual role of the government and the market, establish an orderly wage growth mechanism, and protect the transformation and upgrading of small and medium-sized enterprises. This paper has a unique perspective of innovation, mainly focusing on the change of labor cost in micro-enterprises, especially linking the change of labor cost with the transformation of economic development mode.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.3;F249.21

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