低碳經濟背景下我國鋼鐵企業(yè)環(huán)境績效評價研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-17 17:53
【摘要】：低碳經濟概念首先由英國政府于2003年,在能源白皮書《我們能源的未來：創(chuàng)建低碳經濟》中提出。低碳經濟作為一個全新概念,其核心是要協調經濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境資源的關系,這就需要企業(yè)最大限度地降低溫室氣體排放,節(jié)約利用資源,維護能源安全,積極承擔起保護環(huán)境的責任。 近年來,資源短缺和氣候變暖成為世界各國發(fā)展所面臨的共同問題和挑戰(zhàn),減少碳排放、節(jié)約能源已經成為全世界關注的重要問題。以降低人類生產生活中的碳排放量,實現健康的、低污染、可持續(xù)的生產生活方式為宗旨的“低碳經濟”發(fā)展模式,日益受到越來越多的國家的重視。2009年哥本哈根氣候變化會議雖最終沒有達成具有法律約束力的溫室氣體減排協議,但低碳經濟已經迅速成為全世界各國關注的焦點,減少碳排放已經成為全球各國未來經濟社會發(fā)展的重要目標之一。我國政府已經承諾到2020年,單位GDP碳排放相較于2005年下降40%-45%,同時作為約束性指標,還將該項指標納入國民經濟和社會發(fā)展中長期規(guī)劃,同時制定相應的國內監(jiān)測、統(tǒng)計和考核辦法。對于高耗能、碳排放大戶的我國鋼鐵企業(yè)來說,勢必將會產生極其深遠的影響。 鋼鐵產業(yè)是高碳產業(yè),也是節(jié)能減排壓力最大的產業(yè)之一。2012年,我國粗鋼產量突破7億噸,達到7.1654億噸,居世界第一。但是,鋼鐵產業(yè)在促進經濟快速發(fā)展的同時,也消耗了大量資源、能源,并且造成了嚴重的環(huán)境污染。運用低碳經濟的相關理論,對我國鋼鐵企業(yè)的績效評價體系進行改進,構建低碳經濟背景下鋼鐵企業(yè)環(huán)境績效評價的指標體系及評價模型,一方面有助于鋼鐵企業(yè)適應新的形勢,科學地考核、評估業(yè)績,分析自身的優(yōu)劣勢,并據此制定戰(zhàn)略目標和實施計劃,促進企業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展；另一方面,也可為政府管理部門和利益相關者提供適應新形勢的決策依據和科學直觀的評價工具,具有廣泛的理論和現實意義。 本文以環(huán)境績效評價作為主題,首先闡述了環(huán)境績效評價研究的背景和意義,對國內外相關研究文獻進行了述評,并在前人的研究下,總結歸納了企業(yè)環(huán)境績效的定義,指明了建立企業(yè)環(huán)境績效指標體系的原則,構建出鋼鐵企業(yè)環(huán)境績效評價體系。除此以外,本文以X鋼鐵企業(yè)為例,進行了實證分析,探討了鋼鐵企業(yè)環(huán)境績效的綜合評價方法,并且利用模糊層次分析法構建評價模型,對各個指標賦予權重,力圖實現定性評價與定量評價相結合,使評價具有可行性和可操作性,使鋼鐵企業(yè)能夠更好的利用本文的評價體系,進行環(huán)境績效評價。
[Abstract]:The concept of a low-carbon economy was first introduced by the British government in 2003 in a White Paper on Energy: the Future of our Energy: creating a Low-Carbon economy. As a new concept, the core of low-carbon economy is to coordinate the relationship between economic development and environmental resources, which requires enterprises to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, conserve and utilize resources, and maintain energy security. Actively assume the responsibility of protecting the environment. In recent years, the shortage of resources and global warming have become the common problems and challenges facing the development of all countries in the world. Reducing carbon emissions and saving energy have become an important issue of concern all over the world. A "low-carbon economy" development model aimed at reducing carbon emissions from human production and life and achieving a healthy, low polluting and sustainable production and life style, Although the 2009 Copenhagen Climate change Conference failed to reach a legally binding agreement on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the low-carbon economy has rapidly become the focus of attention around the world. Reducing carbon emissions has become one of the important goals of economic and social development in the world. Our government has promised to reduce carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 per unit by 2020 compared with 2005. As a binding target, the target will also be incorporated into the medium- and long-term plan for national economic and social development, and the corresponding domestic monitoring will be formulated. Methods for statistics and assessment For high energy consumption, carbon emissions, iron and steel enterprises, will inevitably have a profound impact. Iron and steel industry is a high carbon industry and one of the biggest pressure of energy saving and emission reduction. In 2012, the output of crude steel in China exceeded 700 million tons, reaching 716.54 million tons, ranking first in the world. However, the iron and steel industry not only promotes the rapid development of economy, but also consumes a lot of resources and energy, and causes serious environmental pollution. Based on the theory of low-carbon economy, this paper improves the performance evaluation system of iron and steel enterprises in China, and constructs the index system and evaluation model of environmental performance evaluation of iron and steel enterprises under the background of low-carbon economy. On the one hand, it is helpful for iron and steel enterprises to adapt to the new situation, to scientifically assess and evaluate their achievements, to analyze their own strengths and weaknesses, and to formulate strategic objectives and implementation plans accordingly, so as to promote the sustainable development of the enterprises, on the other hand, It can also provide the decision-making basis and scientific and intuitive evaluation tools for government management departments and stakeholders to adapt to the new situation, which has a wide range of theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the environmental performance evaluation as the theme, first of all elaborated the background and significance of environmental performance evaluation, and domestic and foreign related research literature were reviewed, and in previous studies, summed up the definition of enterprise environmental performance. The principle of establishing environmental performance index system is pointed out, and the environmental performance evaluation system of iron and steel enterprises is constructed. In addition, this paper takes X iron and steel enterprise as an example, carries on the empirical analysis, discusses the comprehensive evaluation method of the iron and steel enterprise's environmental performance, and uses the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to construct the evaluation model, and gives the weight to each index. This paper tries to realize the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation, make the evaluation feasible and operable, and enable the iron and steel enterprises to make better use of the evaluation system of this paper to evaluate the environmental performance.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F205;F426.31
[Abstract]:The concept of a low-carbon economy was first introduced by the British government in 2003 in a White Paper on Energy: the Future of our Energy: creating a Low-Carbon economy. As a new concept, the core of low-carbon economy is to coordinate the relationship between economic development and environmental resources, which requires enterprises to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, conserve and utilize resources, and maintain energy security. Actively assume the responsibility of protecting the environment. In recent years, the shortage of resources and global warming have become the common problems and challenges facing the development of all countries in the world. Reducing carbon emissions and saving energy have become an important issue of concern all over the world. A "low-carbon economy" development model aimed at reducing carbon emissions from human production and life and achieving a healthy, low polluting and sustainable production and life style, Although the 2009 Copenhagen Climate change Conference failed to reach a legally binding agreement on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the low-carbon economy has rapidly become the focus of attention around the world. Reducing carbon emissions has become one of the important goals of economic and social development in the world. Our government has promised to reduce carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 per unit by 2020 compared with 2005. As a binding target, the target will also be incorporated into the medium- and long-term plan for national economic and social development, and the corresponding domestic monitoring will be formulated. Methods for statistics and assessment For high energy consumption, carbon emissions, iron and steel enterprises, will inevitably have a profound impact. Iron and steel industry is a high carbon industry and one of the biggest pressure of energy saving and emission reduction. In 2012, the output of crude steel in China exceeded 700 million tons, reaching 716.54 million tons, ranking first in the world. However, the iron and steel industry not only promotes the rapid development of economy, but also consumes a lot of resources and energy, and causes serious environmental pollution. Based on the theory of low-carbon economy, this paper improves the performance evaluation system of iron and steel enterprises in China, and constructs the index system and evaluation model of environmental performance evaluation of iron and steel enterprises under the background of low-carbon economy. On the one hand, it is helpful for iron and steel enterprises to adapt to the new situation, to scientifically assess and evaluate their achievements, to analyze their own strengths and weaknesses, and to formulate strategic objectives and implementation plans accordingly, so as to promote the sustainable development of the enterprises, on the other hand, It can also provide the decision-making basis and scientific and intuitive evaluation tools for government management departments and stakeholders to adapt to the new situation, which has a wide range of theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, the environmental performance evaluation as the theme, first of all elaborated the background and significance of environmental performance evaluation, and domestic and foreign related research literature were reviewed, and in previous studies, summed up the definition of enterprise environmental performance. The principle of establishing environmental performance index system is pointed out, and the environmental performance evaluation system of iron and steel enterprises is constructed. In addition, this paper takes X iron and steel enterprise as an example, carries on the empirical analysis, discusses the comprehensive evaluation method of the iron and steel enterprise's environmental performance, and uses the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to construct the evaluation model, and gives the weight to each index. This paper tries to realize the combination of qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation, make the evaluation feasible and operable, and enable the iron and steel enterprises to make better use of the evaluation system of this paper to evaluate the environmental performance.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F205;F426.31
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