【摘要】：產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系從經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展開始受到人們關(guān)注的時候就被各國的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的研究對象。從配第克拉克定理到劉易斯的二元理論直到現(xiàn)在各界學(xué)者們的研究，對于產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和就業(yè)關(guān)系的研究也逐漸深入，但宗旨都是為了促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級和充分就業(yè)。 北京市作為中國最具有典型意義的城市，承擔(dān)著對外宣傳中國形象的責(zé)任，吸引著全國各地甚至全球的優(yōu)秀人才前往，在包容人才的同時也促進(jìn)著自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。作為發(fā)達(dá)城市的北京，到2012年為止，地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值已經(jīng)達(dá)到108.8億元，第一產(chǎn)值占比0.8%，第二產(chǎn)值占比22.7%，第三產(chǎn)值達(dá)到76.5%，以及完成了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的“三、二、一”的轉(zhuǎn)變。與此同時，北京市的就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展，也基本符合產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)“三、二、一”的轉(zhuǎn)換趨勢，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的就業(yè)彈性在較長一段時間都保持一個正值，且第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的就業(yè)人數(shù)也都在增長，而在同時間段里，第一產(chǎn)業(yè)和第二產(chǎn)業(yè)的就業(yè)人數(shù)都呈現(xiàn)出下降的趨勢。由于北京市位置的特殊性，較早的開始了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級以及創(chuàng)新的發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的相關(guān)指標(biāo)也都在全國的前列，但是北京市也存在著一定的就業(yè)問題，如何使得產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)能夠躍居到一個更高的層次，，經(jīng)濟(jì)保持較高增速且保持就業(yè)的充分性是北京市政府高度關(guān)注的問題。 本文根據(jù)《2013年北京市統(tǒng)計年鑒》以及由北京市人力資源和社會保障局每個季度發(fā)布的《北京市勞動力市場供求狀況分析》對北京市的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述，對于北京市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)演變與現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)，對北京市的就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的從總量以及供求等方面進(jìn)行闡述，著重運用相關(guān)系數(shù)矩陣、結(jié)構(gòu)偏離度以及數(shù)據(jù)包絡(luò)分析研究北京市產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系，通過就業(yè)彈性以及工資的演變情況來說明就業(yè)存在的問題。 本文的結(jié)論是，北京市的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)兩者在相對的情況下保持著協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展，兩者在變動的時候相互產(chǎn)生的影響在大部分年份保持有效，且在2002年以后兩者變動的強(qiáng)度相當(dāng)，但是在就業(yè)供求市場上面卻存在著需求缺口，對于在兩者協(xié)調(diào)情況下存在的缺口問題，從研究角度給予正確的說明，并提出具有一定價值的政策建議。
[Abstract]:The relationship between industrial structure and employment structure has been studied by economists all over the world since the beginning of economic development. From Petty Clarke's theorem to Lewis' dualistic theory until now, the research on industrial structure and employment relationship has been gradually deepened, but the purpose is to promote the upgrading of industrial structure and full employment. As the most typical city in China, Beijing is responsible for publicizing China's image, attracting talented people from all over the country and even all over the world, and promoting its own economic development while accommodating talents. Beijing, as a developed city, by 2012, the regional gross domestic product has reached 10.88 billion yuan, the first output value has accounted for 0.8 percent, the second output value has accounted for 22.7 percent, the third output value has reached 76.5 percent, and has completed the "three, two, one" transformation of the industrial structure. At the same time, the development of the employment structure in Beijing is basically in line with the transformation trend of the industrial structure of "three, two, one". The employment elasticity of the tertiary industry has remained positive for a longer period of time. The employment of the tertiary industry is also increasing, and the employment of the primary and secondary industries is decreasing in the same period. Due to the particularity of Beijing's position, the upgrading of industrial structure and the development of innovation began earlier, and the related indicators of economic development are also in the forefront of the whole country. However, there are certain employment problems in Beijing. How to make the industrial structure jump to a higher level and maintain a high economic growth rate and keep the adequacy of employment is a high concern of the Beijing Municipal Government. This paper analyzes the relationship between industrial structure and employment structure of Beijing according to the Statistical Yearbook of Beijing in 2013 and the analysis of supply and demand of labor market in Beijing issued every quarter by Beijing Bureau of Human Resources and Social Security. Have carried on the detailed elaboration, This paper presents the evolution and present situation of Beijing's industrial structure, expounds the employment structure of Beijing from the aspects of total amount and supply and demand, and emphasizes the use of correlation coefficient matrix. The relationship between Industrial structure and Employment structure in Beijing is studied by structural deviation and data Envelopment Analysis. The problems of employment are explained by the evolution of employment elasticity and wages. The conclusion of this paper is that the industrial structure and the employment structure of Beijing are developing harmoniously under the relative circumstances, and the mutual influence between the two has been effective in most years. And after 2002, the intensity of the two changes is similar, but there is a demand gap on the market of employment supply and demand. The problem of the gap in the case of coordination between the two is correctly explained from the perspective of research. And put forward some valuable policy suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F249.2;F121.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 倪超;王穎;;產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展對我國大學(xué)生就業(yè)的影響研究——以北京市為例[J];中國人力資源開發(fā);2015年13期

2 李志偉;仉媛;;北京市三次產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系及影響機(jī)制研究[J];中國勞動關(guān)系學(xué)院學(xué)報;2015年02期

本文編號：2119713