本文關(guān)鍵詞： 城鄉(xiāng)勞動力流動 戶籍歧視 住房價格　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,中國的城市化進(jìn)程不斷加快,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距進(jìn)一步被拉大,越來越多的農(nóng)村勞動力流動到城市中尋求工作。但是,2004年勞動和社會保障部調(diào)研發(fā)現(xiàn)“民工荒”現(xiàn)象在中國東部城市逐漸顯現(xiàn),并呈愈演愈烈的趨勢。這種城鄉(xiāng)收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大而城鄉(xiāng)勞動力流動規(guī)模在有些城市不增反減的現(xiàn)實情況與Harris-Todaro模型的理論分析相悖。本文在Harris-Todaro模型的基礎(chǔ)上,通過引入效用函數(shù)構(gòu)建一個新的城鄉(xiāng)勞動力流動均衡模型,將戶籍制度和住房價格因素納入到模型分析中,得出城鄉(xiāng)收入差距與勞動力流動規(guī)模正相關(guān),而失業(yè)率、戶籍歧視和城市住房價格與勞動力流動規(guī)模負(fù)相關(guān)的命題。在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用1998～2012年中國30個大中城市的面板數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實證檢驗。實證結(jié)果表明,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距作為影響農(nóng)村剩余勞動力流動的主要“拉力”,其不斷擴(kuò)大的趨勢會吸引大量農(nóng)民工進(jìn)城務(wù)工。失業(yè)率反映農(nóng)民工進(jìn)城尋找工作的難易程度,與勞動力流動規(guī)模成負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系。戶籍歧視減弱促使農(nóng)村勞動力大量轉(zhuǎn)移,為城市提供源源不斷的勞動力。城市房價上漲對農(nóng)村勞動力流入城市產(chǎn)生阻礙,抑制了勞動力流動規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大。東中西部不同區(qū)域城市的勞動力流動規(guī)模影響因素存在顯著差異。因此,必須統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,維持勞動力市場穩(wěn)定,加快戶籍制度改革,抑制城市房價過快上漲,合理規(guī)劃區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,重視和加強農(nóng)民工的住房保障、子女入學(xué)、醫(yī)療保障等公共產(chǎn)品供給,促使農(nóng)民工市民化。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the process of urbanization in China has been accelerating, the urban-rural income gap has been further widened, more and more rural labor flow to the city to seek work. In 2004, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security found that the phenomenon of "shortage of migrant workers" gradually appeared in the eastern cities of China. The income gap between urban and rural areas is widening and the scale of urban and rural labor mobility in some cities is decreasing instead of increasing, which is contrary to the theoretical analysis of Harris-Todaro model. This paper is based on the Harris-Todaro model. Through the introduction of utility function to construct a new equilibrium model of urban and rural labor mobility, the household registration system and housing price factors into the model analysis, it is concluded that the urban-rural income gap and the scale of labor mobility is positively related. The unemployment rate, household registration discrimination and urban housing prices are negatively related to the scale of labor mobility. On this basis. Using panel data of 30 large and medium-sized cities in China from 1998 to 2012, the empirical results show that the urban-rural income gap is the main "pull force" that affects the flow of rural surplus labor. Its expanding trend will attract a large number of migrant workers to work in the city. The unemployment rate reflects the difficulty of migrant workers entering the city to find work. There is a negative correlation with the scale of labor flow. The weakening of household registration discrimination impels a large number of rural labor force to transfer and provides a continuous stream of labor force for the city. The rise of urban house prices hinders the inflow of rural labor into the city. Restrain the expansion of the scale of labor mobility. There are significant differences in the factors affecting the scale of labor mobility in different cities in the east, west and west regions. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate urban and rural economic development and maintain the stability of the labor market. Accelerate the reform of the household registration system, curb the rapid rise of urban housing prices, reasonable planning of regional economic development strategy, attach importance to and strengthen the housing security of migrant workers, children enrolled in school, medical security and other public goods supply. To promote the urbanization of migrant workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F249.2

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本文編號：1481677