本文關(guān)鍵詞： 勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移 農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì) 收入差距 人力資本　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文以安徽省勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移為研究對象,整理了國內(nèi)外關(guān)于農(nóng)村剩余勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移的理論,從農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移對農(nóng)民經(jīng)濟(jì)收入、農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)、城鄉(xiāng)收入差距和農(nóng)村勞動力未來發(fā)展的影響等角度,對已有的國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了回顧,為后文的進(jìn)一步分析做好了準(zhǔn)備。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文首先全面分析了1990～2012年安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移的情況,從轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力的數(shù)量、性別、年齡、行業(yè)和區(qū)域分布等方面,詳細(xì)剖析了大力推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化背景下的安徽省農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力的特征。其次,深入分析了安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的影響,包含兩個方面：一是勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移對農(nóng)民經(jīng)濟(jì)收入是正向作用：二是探討了勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移和農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)活動之間的關(guān)系,勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移和農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械投入增加會增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)出,但化肥施用量增加卻會減少農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)出。再次,以我國二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)為主要分析背景,通過城鄉(xiāng)收入絕對差距和相對差距兩個指標(biāo),考量安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移對城鄉(xiāng)收入差距的影響。加入戶籍制度因素,在區(qū)分了農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力中成功轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民的群體和未能獲得城鎮(zhèn)戶籍的群體的理論模型的基礎(chǔ)上,運用安徽省二十多年的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實證分析發(fā)現(xiàn),安徽省的現(xiàn)實經(jīng)濟(jì)存在“庫茨涅茨曲線”,且處于“庫茲涅茨曲線”的前半段。農(nóng)村勞動勞動力的工資性收入與城鎮(zhèn)其他行業(yè)的職工收入差距每縮小1個百分點,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距縮小0.23%；農(nóng)村勞動力成功轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民的人數(shù)每增加1個百分點,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距縮小0.16%。第四,本文認(rèn)為在安徽省大力推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化的背景下,安徽省農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力未來的發(fā)展應(yīng)該是有能力者逐漸融入城市。本文從人力資本投資的視角進(jìn)行分析,從理論上而言,較高的人力資本可以獲得較高的收入,從而擁有更好的發(fā)展；從實證上來看,文章借助VAR模型研究安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力工資性收入、教育性投資、健康性投資和融入性投資之間的關(guān)系,試圖理清安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力未來發(fā)展的線索。結(jié)合Grange因果檢驗、脈沖響應(yīng)和方差分解分析,得出結(jié)論是教育性投資對于農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力的收入貢獻(xiàn)是很明顯的,加大教育性投資有助于安徽省農(nóng)村勞動力更好地融入城市,而健康性投資與融入性投資的影響相對較小。最后,結(jié)合安徽省發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實情況,提出了安徽省農(nóng)村剩余勞動力轉(zhuǎn)移過程中存在的問題,并給出了有針對性的相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:This article takes the labor force transfer of Anhui Province as the research object, collates the domestic and foreign theories about the rural surplus labor force transfer, from the rural labor force transfer to the farmer economic income, the rural production. From the perspective of the income gap between urban and rural areas and the influence of the future development of rural labor force, this paper reviews the existing literature at home and abroad, and prepares for further analysis. This paper first analyzes the situation of rural labor force transfer from 1990 to 2012 in Anhui Province, from the number, sex, age, industry and regional distribution of the transferred labor force. The characteristics of rural labor transfer in Anhui Province under the background of promoting urbanization are analyzed in detail. Secondly, the impact of rural labor transfer on rural economic activities in Anhui Province is analyzed in depth. It includes two aspects: one is the positive effect of labor force transfer on farmers' economic income; the other is discussing the relationship between labor force transfer and rural production activities. The transfer of labor force and the increase of agricultural machinery input will increase the agricultural output, but the increase of fertilizer application will reduce the agricultural output. Thirdly, taking the dual economic structure of our country as the main analysis background. Through the absolute income gap between urban and rural areas and the relative gap between the two indicators, to consider the rural labor transfer in Anhui Province on the urban-rural income gap, and to join the household registration system factors. On the basis of distinguishing the theoretical models of the groups that have successfully transformed into urban residents in the rural migrant labor force and those who failed to obtain the urban household registration, the author makes empirical analysis and finds out by using the data of more than 20 years in Anhui Province. The "Kuznets Curve" exists in the real economy of Anhui Province. In the first half of the Kuznets Curve, the income gap between the rural labor force and other urban workers is reduced by 1 percentage point, and the income gap between urban and rural areas is reduced by 0.23 percent. With the successful transformation of rural labor force into urban residents, the income gap between urban and rural areas will be reduced by 0.16. 4th for every 1 percentage point increase in the number of urban residents. This paper believes that in the context of vigorously promoting urbanization in Anhui Province. The future development of rural migrant labor force in Anhui Province should be the gradual integration of the competent people into the city. This paper analyzes from the perspective of human capital investment, theoretically speaking, higher human capital can obtain higher income. In order to have better development; From the empirical point of view, this paper uses VAR model to study the relationship among rural labor wage income, educational investment, health investment and integration investment in Anhui Province. This paper attempts to clarify the clues of the future development of rural labor force in Anhui Province. Combined with Grange causality test, impulse response and variance decomposition analysis. The conclusion is that the contribution of educational investment to the income of rural labor force transfer is obvious, and increasing the educational investment will help the rural labor force of Anhui Province to integrate into the city better. The impact of healthy investment and integration investment is relatively small. Finally, combined with the development of Anhui Province, the problems in the process of rural surplus labor transfer in Anhui Province are put forward. Some relevant policy suggestions are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F323.6;F224

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