發(fā)布時間：2018-01-12 02:37

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于基尼系數(shù)的東中西部收入差距測算及原因分析　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 基尼系數(shù) 收入分布函數(shù) 地區(qū)差距

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長伴隨著地區(qū)收入差距擴(kuò)大是世界各國普遍存在的問題,我國也不例外。1978年改革開放后沿海地區(qū)的快速增長帶動了我國整體經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長,同時我國居民收入差距也在不斷的擴(kuò)大,其中地區(qū)間的收入差距已成為黨中央、國務(wù)院甚至普通群眾都十分關(guān)注的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。選擇何種指標(biāo)衡量我國地區(qū)收入差距、如何測算該指標(biāo)、造成我國地區(qū)收入差距的原因及如何縮小地區(qū)收入差距一直是研究學(xué)者關(guān)注的問題。 本文對比分析了衡量收入差距的指標(biāo),包括洛倫茲曲線(Lorenz curve)、基尼系數(shù)(Gini Coefficient)、庫茲涅茨比率(Kuznetz ratio)、泰爾指數(shù)(Theil index)、變異系數(shù)、絕對極差、貧困指數(shù)(Poverty Index)、沃爾夫森“極化指數(shù)”和Aktinson指標(biāo),然后比較各指標(biāo)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),最終選擇基尼系數(shù)作為衡量地區(qū)收入差距的工具。 采用基尼系數(shù)衡量我國地區(qū)收入差距的意義有兩點(diǎn)：第一,基尼系數(shù)作為國際上衡量收入差距的一個綜合性指標(biāo),我國國家統(tǒng)計局僅在2004和2013年發(fā)布過這一數(shù)據(jù),官方數(shù)據(jù)少之又少；第二,官方公布的數(shù)據(jù)與其他組織測算的基尼系數(shù)有所差距,雙方爭議比較大。本文希望通過準(zhǔn)確測算我國不同地區(qū)的基尼系數(shù),彌補(bǔ)以上兩種缺憾,客觀反映我國地區(qū)收入差距的問題。 國內(nèi)外學(xué)者一直在探索如何準(zhǔn)確測算基尼系數(shù)的方法,國外學(xué)者運(yùn)用的方法主要包括：幾何方法、基尼系數(shù)平均差法、協(xié)方差法和矩陣法等；國內(nèi)學(xué)者的方法包括：基尼系數(shù)分解法、分組加權(quán)法、五分法、人口分布換算法、收入分布函數(shù)法等。以計算簡便、縮小誤差的原則,本文選擇2003年、2006年、2008年中國綜合社會調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)作為樣本,首先分地區(qū)進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理得到累積頻率和收入的分布,接著選擇廣義邏輯斯蒂函數(shù)進(jìn)行地區(qū)收入分布函數(shù)的擬合,最后采用程永紅、糜仲春推導(dǎo)的公式測算基尼系數(shù)。 根據(jù)測算結(jié)果可以看出,2003年至2008年我國東部地區(qū)基尼系數(shù)較為穩(wěn)定,中部地區(qū)與西部地區(qū)波動幅度較大；三個地區(qū)里西部地區(qū)基尼系數(shù)最大,中部地區(qū)最�。壕C合來看中部與西部地區(qū)基尼系數(shù)的總體趨勢是向東部地區(qū)靠近的。 接著,在東、中、西三個地區(qū)基尼系數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上對地區(qū)收入差距影響因素進(jìn)行分析,采用統(tǒng)計年鑒中2000年至2010年的數(shù)據(jù)作為樣本數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)條件趨同經(jīng)典方程進(jìn)行回歸分析,得出造成我國地區(qū)收入差距的因素有初期人力資本水平、出口水平、市場化程度和固定資產(chǎn)投資等原因,其中市場化程度與初期人力資本水平是造成地區(qū)收入差距的主要因素。 最后,雖然國外收入差距產(chǎn)生的原因、解決措施與我國的情況有所不同,但在很多方面能夠借鑒并且為己所用。例如在設(shè)立區(qū)域政策目標(biāo)時首先考慮縮小地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)差距,同時政策上對落后地區(qū)傾斜并進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)扶持,加強(qiáng)人口和勞動力在地區(qū)間的合理流動,增加落后地區(qū)的教育投入等。本文在總結(jié)國外解決地區(qū)收入差距的相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,對解決我國地區(qū)收入差距問題給出了一些建議。
[Abstract]:Economic high - speed growth is accompanied by the widening income gap in the region , which is a common problem in all countries of the world . The rapid growth of the coastal area after the reform and opening up in 1978 has led to the rapid growth of the whole economy of our country . At the same time , the income gap in our country has become the reality of the central government , the State Council and even the general public . How to measure the income gap in our country , how to measure the indicator , and how to reduce the income gap in the region has been a concern of the researchers . In this paper , the indexes of the income gap are analyzed , including the lorentz curve , the permeability coefficient , the net z ratio , the Thom index , the coefficient of variation , the absolute difference , the poverty index , the polarization index and Aktinson index , then compare the pros and cons of each index , and finally select the coefficient as a tool to measure the regional income gap . There are two points to measure the difference between China ' s income gap in China . First , it is a comprehensive index to measure the income gap internationally . The national statistical office of our country has published this data only in 2004 and 2013 , and the official data is very small ; secondly , the data published by the official and other organizations have a gap , and the dispute between the two parties is relatively large . This paper hopes to make up for the above two shortcomings by accurately calculating the basis factor in different regions of our country , and objectively reflecting the problem of the income gap in our region . The methods of how to accurately measure the coefficient of Koniki have been explored by scholars at home and abroad . The methods used by foreign scholars mainly include : geometric method , basic coefficient mean difference method , covariance method , matrix method , etc . The methods of domestic scholars include : Koniki coefficient decomposition method , grouping weighting method , five - point method , population distribution conversion method , income distribution function method , etc . It can be seen from the measurement results that the bedrock coefficient in the eastern part of China is stable from 2003 to 2008 , the fluctuation of central region and western region is relatively large , the west region of the three regions is the largest , and the central region is the smallest : the general trend of the central and western regions is close to the east . Then , the factors of regional income gap are analyzed on the basis of the factors of the regional income gap in the east , middle and west regions . By using the data from 2000 to 2010 in the statistical year as the sample data , the factors that cause the income gap in our country are analyzed by regression analysis , and the factors that cause the income gap in our country are the initial human capital level , the export level , the degree of marketization and the investment of fixed assets , among which the degree of marketization and the initial human capital level are the main factors that result in the regional income gap . Finally , although the causes of income gap in foreign countries are different , it can be used for reference and used in many ways . For example , when setting up regional policy goals , we should first take into account the narrowing of the regional economic gap , meanwhile , to strengthen the rational flow of the population and the labor force in the area , increase the educational investment in the backward area , etc . This paper gives some suggestions to solve the problem of income gap in China .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.7;F224

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 劉曉東 ,盧青;中國收入分配平等程度的實(shí)證分析[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1991年06期

2 向書堅;全國居民收入分配基尼系數(shù)的測算與回歸分析[J];財經(jīng)理論與實(shí)踐;1998年01期

3 周文興;中國城鎮(zhèn)居民收入分配與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長關(guān)系實(shí)證分析[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)科學(xué);2002年01期

4 錢敏澤;中國現(xiàn)行統(tǒng)計方法基尼系數(shù)的推算及結(jié)果[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)理論與經(jīng)濟(jì)管理;2002年11期

5 徐寬;;基尼系數(shù)的研究文獻(xiàn)在過去八十年是如何拓展的[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(季刊);2003年03期

6 陳宗勝;倒U曲線的“階梯形”變異[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;1994年05期

7 蔡f ,都陽;中國地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的趨同與差異——對西部開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的啟示[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2000年10期

8 胡祖光;基尼系數(shù)理論最佳值及其簡易計算公式研究[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2004年09期

9 陸銘;陳釗;萬廣華;;因患寡,而患不均——中國的收入差距、投資、教育和增長的相互影響[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2005年12期

10 程永宏;;二元經(jīng)濟(jì)中城鄉(xiāng)混合基尼系數(shù)的計算與分解[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2006年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 李栗;收入分配差距的貧困度研究[D];遼寧大學(xué);2012年

2 呂珊珊;中國居民收入差距的影響及改革對策研究[D];東北財經(jīng)大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號：1412359