本文關(guān)鍵詞：“羅斯福新政”中的就業(yè)政策及其啟示　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：1929—1933年的大危機(jī)，，是資本主義歷史上最嚴(yán)重的一次經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)。這次危機(jī)給資本主義世界帶來了巨大災(zāi)難，作為危機(jī)發(fā)源地的美國(guó)受到的影響尤為嚴(yán)重，危機(jī)使整個(gè)美國(guó)的國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入瀕臨崩潰的邊緣。羅斯福就任總統(tǒng)后，為了挽救危難中的美國(guó)，著手實(shí)施“新政”，采取了一系列新的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策和措施，以應(yīng)對(duì)大危機(jī)�！傲_斯福新政”中，有關(guān)就業(yè)方面的政策措施是其重要組成部分，是羅斯福政府反危機(jī)實(shí)踐留給后人的最具現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值和啟示意義的內(nèi)容之一。在2008年全球金融危機(jī)的背景下，研究“羅斯福新政”中的就業(yè)政策，顯然具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 “羅斯福新政”中的就業(yè)政策，可以概括為三大方面，即直接救濟(jì)政策、以工代賑政策和社會(huì)保障措施。羅斯福政府正是通過這三種方式來救助失業(yè)者和促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)，最終達(dá)到保護(hù)勞動(dòng)者利益，系統(tǒng)治理社會(huì)失業(yè)問題的目標(biāo)。這些就業(yè)政策和措施，體現(xiàn)出充分尊重勞動(dòng)者、兼顧環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源開發(fā)和注重對(duì)特殊群體的關(guān)心等顯著的特點(diǎn)。 “羅斯福新政”中的就業(yè)政策，對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)美國(guó)社會(huì)解決就業(yè)問題產(chǎn)生了積極的影響，概括起來，主要有如下四個(gè)方面：第一，羅斯福就業(yè)政策成功完成了在危難時(shí)刻幫助大量人民實(shí)現(xiàn)就業(yè)的目標(biāo)；第二，政府以往治理失業(yè)問題的模式得到改變；第三，為美國(guó)戰(zhàn)后的相關(guān)就業(yè)立法指明了方向；第四，成為后任總統(tǒng)必備的治國(guó)理念之一。當(dāng)然，“羅斯福新政”中的有關(guān)就業(yè)政策和措施，因帶來巨大的財(cái)政赤字，也產(chǎn)生了一定的負(fù)面影響。 “羅斯福新政”中的一系列就業(yè)政策，正是資本主義在經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期，如何解決社會(huì)嚴(yán)重失業(yè)問題的一個(gè)典型縮影。面對(duì)我國(guó)嚴(yán)峻的就業(yè)行勢(shì)，研究美國(guó)大蕭條期間羅斯福的就業(yè)政策，能提供給我們?cè)S多有益的啟示。當(dāng)前，我國(guó)在解決就業(yè)問題時(shí)，不能忽略傳統(tǒng)就業(yè)政策思想的一定可應(yīng)用性；要將我國(guó)已有的有效經(jīng)濟(jì)政策如“擴(kuò)內(nèi)需、穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)”等與促進(jìn)就業(yè)協(xié)同發(fā)展，同時(shí)要控制宏觀調(diào)控的力度和范圍，防止過度的財(cái)政赤字帶來的嚴(yán)重后果。
[Abstract]:The big crisis of 1929 and 1933, is one of the most severe economic crises in the history of capitalism. The crisis brought great suffering to the capitalist world, crisis influence as the birthplace of the United States is particularly serious, the crisis of national economy in the entire United States on the verge of collapse. Roosevelt became president, in order to save in distress the United States started to implement the "New Deal", adopted a series of new economic policies and measures to cope with the crisis. "Roosevelt's New Deal", the employment policy is an important part of the Roosevelt administration is one of the anti crisis practice left us the most practical value and significance of the content in 2008. The background of the global financial crisis, the research of "Roosevelt's New Deal" in the employment policy, it is of great theoretical and practical significance.
"Roosevelt's New Deal" in the employment policy, can be summarized as three aspects, namely direct relief policy, welfare to work policies and social security measures. The Roosevelt government is through the three ways of helping the unemployed and promoting the employment of workers, to protect workers interests, social governance system of unemployment. These employment policies and measures, reflects the full respect for workers, considering environmental protection and resource development and pay attention to the special group of concern and other significant features.
"Roosevelt's New Deal" in the employment policy, to solve the employment problem in American society at that time had a positive impact, to sum up, there are four main aspects as follows: first, Roosevelt successfully completed the employment policy to help large numbers of people employed at the critical moment goal; second, the government governance pattern in the past unemployment change; third and pointed out the direction for the American postwar employment legislation; fourth, become one of the essential concept of the rule he served as president. Of course, the relevant employment policies and measures of Roosevelt's New Deal ", due to the huge deficit, also brought some negative effects.
"A series of employment policy in Roosevelt's New Deal", it is the capitalism in difficult economic times, a typical epitome of how to solve the problem of unemployment in society. In the face of China's employment for serious potential, Roosevelt during the great depression in the United States employment policy, can provide us many useful lessons. At present, in our country to solve the problem of employment, can not ignore the traditional employment policy ideas must be applied; to effective economic policies in China have been such as "expanding domestic demand and steady growth" development cooperation and promote employment, while the scope and intensity of macroeconomic regulation and control, to prevent the serious consequences of excessive fiscal deficit.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F249.712

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