本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國城鎮(zhèn)化對區(qū)域生態(tài)效率的影響研究　出處：《湖南大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 城鎮(zhèn)化水平 生態(tài)效率 超效率DEA 區(qū)域差異

【摘要】：改革開放30多年以來，隨著中國經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)快速增長，城鎮(zhèn)化呈現(xiàn)出穩(wěn)步、快速的發(fā)展態(tài)勢，城鎮(zhèn)的不斷發(fā)展和壯大成為推動我國經(jīng)濟增長和社會進步的“引擎”，但是快速城鎮(zhèn)化在顯著改善人民生活水平的同時，也帶來了一系列的環(huán)境問題，比如城市的熱島效應、水華效應、灰霾效應、擁堵效應等，這些不僅對周圍的生態(tài)環(huán)境造成了現(xiàn)實的破壞和潛在的威脅，而且對生態(tài)環(huán)境的承載能力也提出了更為嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。 隨著中國城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進，資源短缺與環(huán)境污染問題日益凸顯，如何以最小的生態(tài)損耗獲得最大的經(jīng)濟社會效益，是我國新型城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)中面臨的一個重要課題。本文利用中國1999-2011年省際面板數(shù)據(jù)，基于超效率DEA，在測度區(qū)域生態(tài)效率的基礎(chǔ)上，通過對IPAT模型擴展建立了面板數(shù)據(jù)計量模型，研究了我國區(qū)域生態(tài)效率與城鎮(zhèn)化水平的關(guān)系。研究表明：（1）1999-2011中國各地區(qū)生態(tài)效率變化趨于平緩，但呈現(xiàn)出逐漸下降的趨勢，而且東、中、西三大地帶生態(tài)效率差異明顯，較發(fā)達的東部地區(qū)生態(tài)效率較高，欠發(fā)達的中西部地區(qū)生態(tài)效率較低，這說明中西部地區(qū)資源利用效率低、環(huán)境污染嚴重，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展面臨的環(huán)境壓力較大；（2）城鎮(zhèn)化水平與區(qū)域生態(tài)效率呈非對稱U型關(guān)系，，即生態(tài)效率隨著城鎮(zhèn)化水平的提高呈現(xiàn)先下降經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)折點而上升的趨勢，且東、中、西三大地帶這一趨勢的轉(zhuǎn)折點有所不同，東部地區(qū)部分省市已達到這一轉(zhuǎn)折點，中、西部地區(qū)大部分省份還未達到這一轉(zhuǎn)折點，但是對全國而言，目前還處于U型曲線的下降階段，即隨著城鎮(zhèn)化水平的提高，區(qū)域生態(tài)效率不斷下降；（3）產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、環(huán)境政策的轉(zhuǎn)變以及技術(shù)水平的提高對區(qū)域生態(tài)效率有明顯的促進作用。因此，必須進一步轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式、優(yōu)化環(huán)境政策、提高技術(shù)水平，進而提高城鎮(zhèn)化的生態(tài)效率，推進資源節(jié)約、環(huán)境友好、經(jīng)濟高效的新型城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up for more than 30 years, with the sustained and rapid growth of China's economy, urbanization has shown a steady and rapid development trend. The continuous development and expansion of cities and towns has become the "engine" to promote economic growth and social progress in China. However, rapid urbanization has brought about a series of environmental problems while significantly improving people's living standards. For example, the urban heat island effect, Shui Hua effect, haze effect, congestion effect and so on, these not only caused real damage and potential threat to the surrounding ecological environment. And the bearing capacity of the ecological environment has also put forward a more severe challenge. With the development of urbanization in China, the problems of resource shortage and environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent. How to obtain the greatest economic and social benefits with the minimum ecological loss. This paper uses inter-provincial panel data from 1999 to 2011 in China, based on super-efficiency DEA-based on the basis of measuring the regional ecological efficiency. The panel data measurement model is established by extending the IPAT model. This paper studies the relationship between regional ecological efficiency and urbanization level in China. The results show that the change of ecological efficiency in each region of China tends to be gentle from 1999 to 2011, but the trend is decreasing gradually, and the trend is east. There are obvious differences in ecological efficiency among the three major regions in the west and China. The more developed eastern regions have higher ecological efficiency, and the less developed central and western regions have lower ecological efficiency, which indicates that the central and western regions have low resource utilization efficiency and serious environmental pollution. The environmental pressure of economic development is great; (2) the relationship between urbanization level and regional ecological efficiency is asymmetrical U-type, that is, ecological efficiency decreases first and then rises at turning point with the increase of urbanization level, and the trend is east and middle. The turning point of this trend in the three major regions of the west is different. Some provinces and cities in the east have already reached this turning point. In the middle, most provinces in the western region have not reached this turning point, but for the whole country. At present, it is still in the decline stage of U-shaped curve, that is, with the increase of urbanization level, the regional ecological efficiency continues to decline; 3) the adjustment of industrial structure, the change of environmental policy and the improvement of technical level can obviously promote the regional ecological efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to further change the mode of economic development and optimize the environmental policy. Improve the technology level, and then improve the ecological efficiency of urbanization, promote the development of new type of urbanization, which is resource saving, environment friendly, economic and efficient.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X22;F299.21

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