【摘要】：2014年以來遼寧省經(jīng)濟(jì)增長速度大幅下降,人才流失問題嚴(yán)峻,人口結(jié)構(gòu)惡化,在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級轉(zhuǎn)型、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動、開放力度等方面,遼寧省已位于全國落后水平。遼寧省現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會情況與建國初期的"盛世"階段不可同日而語。改革開放近四十年,遼寧省曾經(jīng)抓住了這一黃金時(shí)期,在經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和社會事業(yè)上均取得了長足的進(jìn)步。作為振興東北老工業(yè)基地的關(guān)鍵一環(huán),若要改變當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)落后局面,實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型、發(fā)展新興產(chǎn)業(yè),還應(yīng)繼續(xù)響應(yīng)"科教興省"戰(zhàn)略,把目光著眼于教育、尤其高等教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展上來,使高等教育適度超前于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,依靠高等教育的產(chǎn)出帶動經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇,進(jìn)而培養(yǎng)出更多經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所需要的高素質(zhì)人才,促使高等教育和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入良性循環(huán),減少人才外流帶來的損失,政府才能有更多的空間和精力扶持新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。學(xué)術(shù)界對于高等教育的研究,主要借助于變異系數(shù)、基尼系數(shù)、泰爾指數(shù)、區(qū)位商等傳統(tǒng)方法,這些研究方法缺乏空間視角,假設(shè)空間是相互獨(dú)立的,所有要素在區(qū)域之間可以達(dá)到完全的流動,或者忽略要素流動的空間因素,只是單純的對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,而忽略了在資源配置過程中空間因素的重要作用。較之傳統(tǒng)方法來說,ESDA探索性空間數(shù)據(jù)始終將空間地理因素考慮在內(nèi),通過建立空間權(quán)重矩陣,將遼寧省高等教育空間自相關(guān)關(guān)系可視化,可以使問題、缺陷一目了然地突顯出來,具有明顯的優(yōu)越性。本文從遼寧省高等教育的空間差異入手,基于空間視角,結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)指標(biāo)和探索性空間數(shù)據(jù)分析方法對遼寧省高等教育資源分布現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行深入探索,從數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和經(jīng)費(fèi)投入三個(gè)方面選取指標(biāo),利用極值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化方法對上述三個(gè)維度的指標(biāo)進(jìn)行無量綱化整合處理,建立了高等教育資源優(yōu)化配置的評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。在此基礎(chǔ)上通過SPSS聚類分析、絕對值和變異系數(shù)、全局空間自相關(guān)檢驗(yàn)、局部空間自相關(guān)檢驗(yàn),探尋遼寧省高等教育資源分布現(xiàn)狀,找出遼寧省高等教育資源配置存在的問題及原因,從而提出相應(yīng)的政策建議,以期遼寧省高等教育發(fā)展能夠發(fā)揚(yáng)優(yōu)勢彌補(bǔ)劣勢,更加適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的需要。首先由遼寧省高等教育環(huán)境和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),對遼寧省經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和高等教育基本情況進(jìn)行了總體概述,使讀者對遼寧省三大經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的高等教育分布有了初步了解。以此為基礎(chǔ),對遼寧省高等教育和經(jīng)濟(jì)情況進(jìn)行了聚類分析,探究遼寧省高等教育與經(jīng)濟(jì)是否做到了 "聯(lián)動"發(fā)展。通過對遼寧省高等教育整體情況的把握,進(jìn)而采用變異系數(shù)的方法,從遼寧省高等教育的絕對數(shù)指標(biāo)、各分項(xiàng)指標(biāo)、綜合指標(biāo)三個(gè)方面對高等教育資源的分布差異進(jìn)行了初步探索。同時(shí),鑒于傳統(tǒng)指標(biāo)的缺陷,本文借助于ESDA探索性空間數(shù)據(jù)的方法,對遼寧省高等教育空間分布的集聚情況進(jìn)行了可視化描述。由傳統(tǒng)指標(biāo)到空間分析方法、由遼寧省高等教育整體情況到遼寧省高等教育內(nèi)部差異,形成了遼寧省高等教育空間差異研究的邏輯體系和整體架構(gòu)。經(jīng)過實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn),遼寧省高等教育空間差異呈現(xiàn)整體縮小的趨勢,但內(nèi)部差異很大,沈陽、大連高等教育發(fā)展水平最好,其余城市高等教育發(fā)展水平較為落后,與沈陽和大連差距較大�；贓SDA方法的分析,可以看出高等教育資源在遼寧省內(nèi)部的流動,呈現(xiàn)出明顯的極化效應(yīng),從空間角度解釋了造成遼寧省高等教育發(fā)展差異的原因。鑒于高等教育的特殊性,本文進(jìn)一步從政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)、人文歷史、區(qū)位等方面分析了原因,并提出加強(qiáng)政策干預(yù)、建立高等教育次增長極等建議。在遼寧省高等教育的研究視角和方法上,本文采用極值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化構(gòu)建高等教育指標(biāo)評價(jià)體系,將傳統(tǒng)指標(biāo)和空間方法結(jié)合,引入遼寧省高等教育,為區(qū)域高等教育的研究提供了新的視角,有一定的理論創(chuàng)新。本文的不足之處在于分項(xiàng)指標(biāo)數(shù)量較少,而且省域高等教育數(shù)據(jù)的獲取只能通過教育統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒,但教育統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒又存在更新速度較慢和保存方法不合理的問題,造成了很多年份的教育數(shù)據(jù)缺失,難以進(jìn)行遼寧省高等教育水平縱向?qū)Ρ取?br/>[Abstract]:Since 2014, the economic growth rate of Liaoning Province has dropped significantly, the problem of brain drain is serious, the structure of the population is deteriorated, and the Liaoning province has been in the backward level of the country in terms of industrial structure upgrading transformation, innovation driving and opening force. The current economic, social situation in Liaoning province and the "to be in the middle of the world" phase of the initial stage of the founding of the People's Republic of China can't be the same as that in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the last four decades of the reform and opening-up, Liaoning province has seized the golden age, and made great progress in economic construction and social development. As a key to the revitalization of the old industrial base of the northeast, if the current economic backwardness situation is to be changed, the transformation of the industrial structure and the development of emerging industries should be realized, and the "Kotuxing, Prov.de" strategy should be continued to focus on the development of the education, especially the higher education, The higher education should lead to the development of the economy, and the output of higher education will drive the recovery of the economy, and further develop the high-quality talents needed for the more economic development, and promote the high education and the economic development to enter a virtuous circle and reduce the loss caused by the brain drain. The government will have more space and energy to support emerging industries. The research of higher education mainly means the traditional methods such as the coefficient of variation, the Gini coefficient, the Terre index and the regional quotient. or the spatial factors of the flow of the elements are neglected, only the data is statistically analyzed, and the important role of the space factors in the process of resource allocation is ignored. Compared with the traditional method, the ESDA exploratory spatial data has always taken into account the spatial geographical factors, and through the establishment of the spatial weight matrix, the spatial autocorrelation relation of the higher education space in Liaoning Province can be visualized, so that the problem and the defect can be highlighted at a glance and have obvious advantages. Based on the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper makes an in-depth exploration of the current situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province, based on the spatial perspective, combining the traditional index and the exploratory spatial data analysis method, and selecting the index from the three aspects: quantity, quality and funds. The index system of the optimal allocation of higher education resources is set up by the non-dimensional integration of the indexes of the three dimensions by using the extreme value standardization method. On the basis of this, by using SPSS cluster analysis, absolute value and coefficient of variation, global space self-correlation test and local space self-correlation test, the present situation of the distribution of higher education resources in Liaoning province is explored, and the problems and causes of resource allocation in higher education in Liaoning province are found out. Therefore, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward, with the hope that the development of higher education in Liaoning province can carry forward the advantages to make up for the disadvantage and adapt to the needs of economic and social development. Based on the current situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the current situation of the development of higher education in Liaoning province, the author gives a general overview of the economic strength and the basic situation of higher education in Liaoning province, so that the readers have a preliminary understanding of the distribution of higher education in the three-major economic zone in Liaoning province. Based on this, the paper analyses the higher education and the economic situation of Liaoning province, and probes into whether the higher education and economy of Liaoning province have achieved the "linkage" development. By grasping the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province, and then using the method of coefficient of variation, the distribution of higher education resources is explored in three aspects: the absolute number of higher education in Liaoning province, the index of each sub-item and the comprehensive index. At the same time, in view of the defect of the traditional index, this paper makes a visual description of the agglomeration of the spatial distribution of higher education in Liaoning province with the aid of the method of ESDA exploratory spatial data. From the traditional index to the spatial analysis method, the overall situation of higher education in Liaoning province and the internal difference of higher education in Liaoning province form the logical system and the whole structure of the study on the space difference of higher education in Liaoning province. The empirical study shows that the spatial difference of higher education in Liaoning Province is the trend of overall reduction, but the internal difference is great. The development level of higher education in Shenyang and Dalian is the best, and the development level of higher education in other cities is relatively backward, and the gap between Shenyang and Dalian is larger. Based on the analysis of the ESDA method, it can be seen that the flow of higher education resources in the Liaoning province shows a significant polarization effect, and the reasons for the difference in the development of higher education in Liaoning province are explained from the spatial point of view. In view of the particularity of higher education, this paper analyzes the reasons from the aspects of policy, economy, human history, location and so on, and puts forward some suggestions to strengthen the policy intervention and establish the secondary growth pole of higher education. In view of the research angle and method of higher education in Liaoning province, this paper adopts the extreme value standardization to construct the index system of higher education, combines the traditional index with the space method, introduces the higher education in Liaoning province, and provides a new perspective for the research of regional higher education, and has a certain theoretical innovation. The disadvantage of this paper is that the number of sub-items is small, and the acquisition of higher education data in the provincial domain can only be passed through the educational statistics yearbook, but the educational statistics yearbook has the problem that the updating rate is slow and the preservation method is not reasonable, resulting in the lack of educational data in many years, It is difficult to compare the level of higher education in Liaoning province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G649.2

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