【摘要】：產(chǎn)品的好質(zhì)量可以給企業(yè)在全球市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中帶來(lái)良好的信譽(yù).為了保證所生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,企業(yè)需要對(duì)原材料、零部件以及產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行抽樣檢驗(yàn).但在實(shí)際制造過(guò)程中,不同的原材料、零部件或產(chǎn)品往往有不同的質(zhì)量特性,如何根據(jù)各自的質(zhì)量特性制定合適的抽樣檢驗(yàn)方案,是一個(gè)非常實(shí)用而又迫切需要解決的問(wèn)題.最近Sherman提出的重復(fù)分組抽檢方案因所需的抽樣量更少、節(jié)約檢驗(yàn)成本和時(shí)間而倍受?chē)?guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的關(guān)注.本文分別以產(chǎn)品的壽命性能指數(shù)、變差系數(shù)和可靠壽命為質(zhì)量指標(biāo)對(duì)不同壽命分布模型制定出相應(yīng)的抽樣檢驗(yàn)方案.具體工作如下：1.對(duì)于望大型特性值的產(chǎn)品,可以用壽命性能指數(shù)來(lái)評(píng)估產(chǎn)品的壽命性能.本文首次將壽命性能指數(shù)作為質(zhì)量參數(shù)應(yīng)用到質(zhì)量抽樣檢驗(yàn)中.由于壽命性能指數(shù)與不合格率(或合格率)之間存在緊密的關(guān)系,因此可以通過(guò)控制產(chǎn)品的壽命性能指數(shù)來(lái)控制產(chǎn)品的不合格品率.文中首先推導(dǎo)出定數(shù)截尾樣本下指數(shù)分布產(chǎn)品的壽命性能指數(shù)的估計(jì)量,進(jìn)而提出基于壽命性能指數(shù)的一次抽樣檢驗(yàn)方案,并求得方案的抽樣量和接受系數(shù).其次結(jié)合重復(fù)分組抽樣的思想,分別對(duì)瑞麗分布和Weibull分布的產(chǎn)品提出基于壽命性能指數(shù)的重復(fù)分組抽樣方案,并給出不同質(zhì)量水平和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平下的方案參數(shù)值,以便使用方可以據(jù)此做出接收或拒收一批產(chǎn)品的判斷,生產(chǎn)方則可據(jù)此控制產(chǎn)品的不合格率,達(dá)到提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的目的.2.變差系數(shù)是統(tǒng)計(jì)質(zhì)量管理中的一個(gè)很重要指標(biāo),可以用來(lái)檢查產(chǎn)品批質(zhì)量的穩(wěn)定性等.當(dāng)正態(tài)分布的均值和方差均未知時(shí),變差系數(shù)的估計(jì)量服從非中心t分布,本文采用變差系數(shù)為質(zhì)量參數(shù),以變差系數(shù)的估計(jì)量為檢驗(yàn)統(tǒng)計(jì)量,結(jié)合兩階段抽樣、重復(fù)分組抽樣、多個(gè)相依狀態(tài)抽樣以及多狀態(tài)重復(fù)分組抽樣等方法對(duì)正態(tài)分布產(chǎn)品制定出相應(yīng)的抽樣檢驗(yàn)方案.為了降低檢驗(yàn)成本,通常希望需要的抽樣量最小.因此在求解方案參數(shù)值時(shí),選取平均抽樣量的最小值作為目標(biāo)函數(shù),以保證所制定的抽樣方案是經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的.最后基于OC曲線(xiàn)和抽樣量?jī)蓚�(gè)準(zhǔn)則對(duì)提出的抽樣方案進(jìn)行比較分析,結(jié)果表明所提出的四種抽樣方案均優(yōu)于佟毅提出的一次抽樣檢驗(yàn)方案,而多狀態(tài)重復(fù)分組抽樣方案所需抽樣量最少.多個(gè)相依狀態(tài)抽樣方案和多狀態(tài)重復(fù)分組抽樣方案不僅考慮當(dāng)前批產(chǎn)品的樣本信息,還考慮前面批次的樣本結(jié)果,非常適用于連續(xù)批產(chǎn)品的檢驗(yàn).3.對(duì)于對(duì)稱(chēng)型壽命分布產(chǎn)品,可靠性抽樣方案通常采用平均壽命作為壽命指標(biāo).而大部分壽命分布并非對(duì)稱(chēng)型,用平均壽命無(wú)法充分描述分布的中心趨勢(shì).因此,本文采用可靠壽命作為產(chǎn)品的壽命指標(biāo),對(duì)Lomax分布產(chǎn)品在截尾情形下制定出抽檢方案.首先假設(shè)形狀參數(shù)已知、產(chǎn)品批量很大,在消費(fèi)者風(fēng)險(xiǎn)給定的情形下確定方案所需的最小樣本量.其次,對(duì)方案的OC值和生產(chǎn)方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行討論,得到可靠壽命的真實(shí)值與期望值的比值同生產(chǎn)方風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的關(guān)系；最后通過(guò)實(shí)例說(shuō)明所提抽檢方案是簡(jiǎn)單易行的.4.當(dāng)受控過(guò)程的均值發(fā)生波動(dòng)時(shí),過(guò)程方差是均值的線(xiàn)性函數(shù),即過(guò)程變差系數(shù)為常數(shù),此時(shí)可用EWMA-CV控制圖來(lái)監(jiān)控過(guò)程的變化.而重復(fù)抽樣的方法可以減少抽樣量,節(jié)約抽樣的成本和時(shí)間.因此本文將重復(fù)抽樣的思想與EWMA-CV控制圖相結(jié)合,利用變差系數(shù)的估計(jì)量構(gòu)造EWMA統(tǒng)計(jì)量,由此提出一種具有內(nèi)外雙重控制限的控制圖來(lái)監(jiān)控過(guò)程的變差系數(shù).當(dāng)過(guò)程發(fā)生較小偏移時(shí)新控制圖的平均運(yùn)行鏈長(zhǎng)變短,而且漂移越大平均運(yùn)行鏈長(zhǎng)越短,從而說(shuō)明所提出的控制圖對(duì)大漂移或小漂移都有很好的檢出效果.
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the quality of the products produced, enterprises need to sample the raw materials, parts and products. But in the actual manufacturing process, different raw materials, parts or products often have different quality characteristics, how to according to each Recently Sherman's repeated grouping sampling scheme has attracted much attention from scholars both at home and abroad because it requires less sampling and saves inspection cost and time. The specific work is as follows: 1. Life performance index can be used to evaluate the life performance of products with large characteristic values. This paper applies life performance index as a quality parameter to quality sampling inspection for the first time. There is a close relationship between the life performance index and the unqualified rate (or the qualified rate), so the unqualified rate of the product can be controlled by controlling the life performance index of the product. Secondly, combined with the idea of repeated grouping sampling, the repeated grouping sampling scheme based on life performance index for products with Rayleigh distribution and Weibull distribution is proposed, and the scheme parameters under different quality and risk levels are given, so that the scheme can be used accordingly. 2. Variation coefficient is an important index in statistical quality management, which can be used to check the stability of product batch quality. When the mean and variance of normal distribution are unknown, variation coefficient The estimator obeys the non-central t-distribution. In this paper, the variance coefficient is used as the quality parameter, and the variance coefficient estimator is used as the test statistic. In order to ensure that the sampling scheme is economical and effective, the minimum of the average sampling quantity is chosen as the objective function in solving the parameter value of the scheme. Finally, the proposed sampling scheme is compared and analyzed based on OC curve and sampling quantity, and the results show that the proposed four sampling schemes are effective. All the sampling schemes are superior to the one-time sampling scheme proposed by Tong Yi, and the multi-state repeated grouping sampling scheme requires the least sampling amount. 3. For symmetrical life distribution products, the average life is usually used as the life index in reliability sampling scheme. However, most of the life distribution is not symmetrical, so the average life can not fully describe the central trend of distribution. Firstly, assuming that the shape parameters are known and the batch size is large, the minimum sample size required for the scheme is determined under the given consumer risk. Secondly, the OC value of the scheme and the risk of the producer are discussed, and the relationship between the ratio of the true value of the reliable life to the expected value and the risk of the producer is obtained. An example shows that the proposed sampling scheme is simple and feasible. 4. When the mean value of the controlled process fluctuates, the process variance is a linear function of the mean value, i.e. the process variation coefficient is constant. In this case, the EWMA-CV control chart can be used to monitor the change of the process. In this paper, the idea of repetitive sampling is combined with EWMA-CV control chart to construct EWMA statistics by estimating the variation coefficients. A control chart with internal and external double control limits is proposed to monitor the variation coefficients of the process. The average running chain length of the new control chart becomes shorter and the drift becomes larger and the average running is larger. The shorter the chain length, the better the detection effect of the proposed control chart is for large drift or small drift.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O212.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2229570