【摘要】：我國(guó)建筑能耗占總能耗的比例居高不下,建筑節(jié)能任務(wù)迫在眉睫,光伏發(fā)電與建筑結(jié)合是建筑節(jié)能的有效措施.寧夏地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境相對(duì)脆弱,環(huán)境改善壓力較大,地理?xiàng)l件和自然條件都適合光伏產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,面對(duì)寧夏地區(qū)城市商業(yè)建筑光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)發(fā)展應(yīng)用滯后于野外光伏并網(wǎng)電站和農(nóng)業(yè)光伏溫室的現(xiàn)實(shí),設(shè)計(jì)適用于本地區(qū)城市商業(yè)建筑的光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng).首先,研究寧夏地區(qū)地面光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)和建筑光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀,提出寧夏地區(qū)城市商業(yè)建筑光伏發(fā)展的必要性和城市建筑屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)原則,并實(shí)際測(cè)量太陽(yáng)能電池板在不同光照強(qiáng)度、不同溫度、不同傾斜角度、不同季節(jié)、串聯(lián)和并聯(lián)條件下的特性曲線,為光伏系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)奠定基礎(chǔ).其次,基于城市建筑屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則,對(duì)銀川某商場(chǎng)屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行總體設(shè)計(jì),設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容主要包括:光伏陣列傾角、接線方案、直流和交流匯流箱、直流防雷配電柜、計(jì)量表、監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、逆變器及系統(tǒng)布線設(shè)計(jì)的選擇方案,并針對(duì)寧夏地區(qū)的太陽(yáng)輻射特征基于光伏設(shè)計(jì)軟件對(duì)該地區(qū)商場(chǎng)屋頂光伏系統(tǒng)的光伏方陣做出特定時(shí)間和特定傾角的改進(jìn),并對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真研究.最后,建立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的綜合效益指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)體系,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和環(huán)境效益建模,并提出凈現(xiàn)值、回收期和內(nèi)部收益率三個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益評(píng)估指標(biāo),以設(shè)計(jì)的商場(chǎng)屋頂光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為例,分析其綜合效益.結(jié)果表明:寧夏地區(qū)具有發(fā)展商場(chǎng)屋頂光伏的必要性和可行性;針對(duì)該地區(qū)的太陽(yáng)輻射特征對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的商場(chǎng)屋頂光伏系統(tǒng)的光伏方陣做出特定時(shí)間和特定傾角的調(diào)整后,發(fā)電量有明顯的提高;該地區(qū)建筑與光伏結(jié)合中,商場(chǎng)與光伏結(jié)合獲得的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益較佳.
[Abstract]:The proportion of building energy consumption to total energy consumption is high in our country, and the task of building energy conservation is urgent. The combination of photovoltaic power generation and building is an effective measure for building energy conservation. The ecological environment in Ningxia is relatively fragile, the pressure of environmental improvement is great, and both geographical and natural conditions are suitable for the development of photovoltaic industry. In the face of the fact that the development and application of photovoltaic power system in urban commercial buildings in Ningxia region lags behind those in field photovoltaic grid-connected power stations and agricultural photovoltaic greenhouses, a photovoltaic power generation system suitable for urban commercial buildings in this region is designed. Firstly, the paper studies the application status of ground photovoltaic system and building photovoltaic system in Ningxia area, and puts forward the necessity of photovoltaic development of urban commercial buildings in Ningxia area and the design principles of urban building roof photovoltaic power generation system. The characteristic curves of solar panels under different illumination intensity, different temperature, different tilt angle, different season, series and parallel connection were measured, which laid a foundation for the design of photovoltaic system. Secondly, based on the design principles of urban building roof photovoltaic power generation system, the overall design of a shopping mall roof photovoltaic power generation system in Yinchuan, including: photovoltaic array inclination, wiring scheme, DC and AC confluence box, the design content includes: photovoltaic array inclination angle, connection scheme, DC and AC confluence box. Selection of DC Lightning proof Distribution Cabinet, Meter, Monitoring system, Inverter and system wiring Design, According to the solar radiation characteristics in Ningxia region, the solar array of the rooftop photovoltaic system in this area is improved by the software of photovoltaic design, and the simulation of the designed system is carried out. Finally, the comprehensive benefit index evaluation system of photovoltaic power generation system is established, and the economic benefits and environmental benefits are modeled, and three economic benefit evaluation indexes, net present value, recovery period and internal rate of return, are put forward. Taking the photovoltaic power generation system of shopping mall roof as an example, the comprehensive benefits of the system are analyzed. The results show that it is necessary and feasible to develop rooftop photovoltaic system in Ningxia area, and the solar radiation characteristics of this area can be used to adjust the photovoltaic array of the designed photovoltaic system on the shopping mall roof for a specific time and inclination. In this area, the combination of building and photovoltaic, the combination of market and photovoltaic has better economic benefits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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