本文選題：單井計量 + 稱重計量　； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：油井產(chǎn)量計量是指計量單井油、氣和液產(chǎn)出物的日產(chǎn)量,它是油田開采的第一次計量,它對于掌握油藏動態(tài)變化和制定后續(xù)開采方案具有重大的指導意義。目前國內(nèi)外主要的油井計量方法有玻璃管液面計量、翻斗計量、三相分離體積計量、示功圖法量油和不分離計量等。單井計量有許多難點,流體是多相間歇來液,介質(zhì)復雜(砂、蠟和氣體),油水比例檢測困難。故單井計量需找到可靠和簡便的計量方法。 首先,調(diào)研油井計量方法和計量裝置的相關資料,了解國內(nèi)外油井計量的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。雖然單井計量難度大,但是稱重式自動計量方法,精度高,自動化程度高,可靠性好,故單井計量宜選用稱重計量。 然后,針對機抽井間歇性出液的特點,本文采用單井稱重式自動計量裝置,設計出稱重式自動計量裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)和計量方案。該計量裝置結(jié)構(gòu)包括三大系統(tǒng)：罐體、計量系統(tǒng)、排液閥控制系統(tǒng)；計量方案采用柱錐式氣液旋流分離器稱重計量。設計出單井稱重式自動計量裝置的主要結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,并校核強度。 其次,單井稱重式自動計量裝置的核心部件是柱錐式氣液旋流分離器,根據(jù)計算流體力學的數(shù)值計算方法,采用FLUENT軟件對旋流分離器進行液體單相流場仿真。通過分析柱錐式氣液旋流分離器內(nèi)部液體單相流場的分布規(guī)律,為氣液兩相流場仿真打下基礎。 由于氣體對單井稱重式自動計量裝置計量有影響,故采用FLUENT軟件對單井稱重式自動計量裝置的核心部件旋流分離器進行氣液兩相流場數(shù)值模擬。通過分析流場的速度分布、壓力分布和流體濃度分布,優(yōu)選出柱錐式氣液旋流分離器相應的結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸,為稱重計量提供有利條件。 最后,分析稱重計量裝置的控制步驟,選擇了西門子S7-200系列,并選擇了相關模塊,通過PLC梯形圖和上位機界面,實現(xiàn)了稱重計量裝置的自動計量。
[Abstract]:Oil well production metering refers to the daily production of single well oil, gas and liquid. It is the first measurement of oilfield production. It is of great guiding significance for mastering reservoir dynamic changes and formulating subsequent production plans. At present, the main oil well metering methods at home and abroad include glass pipe liquid level metering, tipping bucket metering, three-phase separation volume metering, indicator diagram oil measurement and non-separation metering. There are many difficulties in single well metering, the fluid is multiphase intermittent liquid, the medium is complex (sand, wax and gas), the oil / water ratio is difficult to detect. Therefore, it is necessary to find a reliable and simple metering method for single well metering. First of all, investigate the relevant information of oil well metering methods and metering devices, understand the development of oil well metering at home and abroad. Although the measurement of single well is difficult, the weighing automatic metering method is of high precision, high degree of automation and good reliability. Then, according to the characteristics of intermittent fluid production from pumping wells, the structure and metering scheme of weighing automatic metering device are designed by using single well weighing automatic metering device. The structure of the metering device consists of three systems: tank, metering system and drain valve control system; the metering scheme adopts column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator to weigh and measure. The main structural dimensions of single well weighing automatic metering device are designed and the strength is checked. Secondly, the core component of the single well weighing automatic metering device is the column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator. According to the numerical calculation method of computational fluid dynamics, fluent software is used to simulate the liquid single-phase flow field of the cyclone separator. By analyzing the distribution law of liquid single phase flow field in column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator, the foundation of gas-liquid two-phase flow field simulation is established. Because of the influence of gas on the measurement of single well weighing automatic metering device, fluent software is used to simulate the gas-liquid two-phase flow field in the cyclone separator, the core component of the single-well weighing automatic metering device. By analyzing the velocity distribution, pressure distribution and fluid concentration distribution of the flow field, the corresponding structural dimensions of the column cone type gas-liquid cyclone separator are selected, which provides favorable conditions for weighing and metering. Finally, the control steps of weighing device are analyzed, Siemens S7-200 series is selected, and relevant modules are selected. Through PLC ladder diagram and upper computer interface, the automatic measurement of weighing device is realized.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE331

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本文編號：2016549