本文選題：既有建筑 + 熱計量　； 參考：《北京建筑大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：北方城鎮(zhèn)建筑的冬季供暖是我國建筑能耗的主要構成部分，也是建筑節(jié)能的工作重點。既有居住建筑供熱計量及節(jié)能改造工作不僅具有節(jié)能減排的效果，同時具有較好的社會和經濟效益，因此對既有建筑熱計量技術與節(jié)能分析方法進行研究具有理論和實際意義。 本文對既有建筑熱計量技術與節(jié)能分析方法進行了研究。系統(tǒng)分析了建筑供熱計量的基本原理與途徑，以及常用的四種分戶熱計量技術的原理與應用范圍，并通過分項對比的方式對各種方法的特點做了分析。 分析了我國既有建筑中常見的供暖形式、特點以及存在的問題。重點分析了常用的兩種改造形式的改造方式與計算方法，包括垂直單管跨越式系統(tǒng)的改造方式、負荷計算方法、跨越管管徑與進流系數(shù)的確定和散熱量的校核計算，以及帶溫控閥的垂直雙管系統(tǒng)的改造方式、溫控閥的選擇和改造前后水力特性。 本文探討了既有建筑熱計量節(jié)能分析方法，既有建筑熱計量改造效果測評指標主要有強制性指標、節(jié)能率指標和經濟性指標。采用本文提出的節(jié)能率計算方法，應用DEST-h住宅建筑能耗模擬軟件，對北京某既有住宅建筑熱計量改造的節(jié)能性進行了模擬分析。分析了不同節(jié)能階段的熱計量改造的節(jié)能效果。通過模擬數(shù)據得出，既有不節(jié)能建筑按65%標準進行建筑節(jié)能及熱計量改造，以及既有新建65%節(jié)能標準的建筑在不對建筑圍護結構和系統(tǒng)再次改造的條件下，達到節(jié)能75%的更高節(jié)能目標的主要手段是采用建筑供熱計量技術，使系統(tǒng)具備用戶自主調節(jié)的功能。達到節(jié)能50%強制性標準的既有建筑，可以通過熱計量改造達到現(xiàn)行的節(jié)能65%的的要求，但是在不改善圍護結構保溫性能的前提下，難以實現(xiàn)更高的節(jié)能目標。
[Abstract]:Heating in winter is the main component of building energy consumption in northern cities and towns, and it is also the focus of building energy conservation. The heating metering and energy saving reconstruction of existing residential buildings not only has the effect of energy saving and emission reduction, but also has good social and economic benefits. Therefore, it is of theoretical and practical significance to study the heat metering technology and energy saving analysis methods of existing buildings. In this paper, the existing building heat measurement technology and energy-saving analysis methods are studied. This paper systematically analyzes the basic principles and approaches of building heating metering, as well as the principle and application scope of four commonly used household heat metering techniques, and analyzes the characteristics of various methods by means of separate comparison. The common heating forms, characteristics and existing problems in the existing buildings in China are analyzed. The transformation methods and calculation methods of two kinds of revamping methods are analyzed emphatically, including the transformation mode of vertical single-pipe leapfrog system, the load calculation method, the determination of the diameter and inflow coefficient of straddle pipe, and the calculation of heat dissipation. The retrofit mode of vertical double pipe system with temperature control valve, the selection of temperature control valve and the hydraulic characteristics before and after revamping. This paper discusses the energy saving analysis method of existing building heat metering. There are mandatory index, energy saving rate index and economy index to evaluate the effect of existing building heat metering and transformation. Based on the energy saving rate calculation method proposed in this paper, the energy conservation of an existing residential building in Beijing is simulated and analyzed by using the DEST-h software for energy consumption simulation. The energy saving effect of heat metering reform in different energy saving stages is analyzed. Through the simulation data, it is concluded that the existing non-energy saving buildings are reconstructed according to the 65% standard of building energy saving and heat metering, and the existing new 65% energy saving standard buildings are under the condition that the envelope structure and system of the building are not rebuilt again. The main means to achieve the goal of saving energy by 75% is to adopt building heating metering technology to make the system have the function of self-regulating by users. The existing buildings which reach the mandatory standard of 50% energy saving can meet the requirement of energy saving of 65% by means of heat metering, but it is difficult to achieve the higher energy saving goal without improving the insulation performance of the envelope structure.
【學位授予單位】：北京建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU833

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