本文關(guān)鍵詞： 科技型中小企業(yè) 企業(yè)家能力 企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向 企業(yè)成長　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中小企業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分,它們已經(jīng)成為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中最活躍的群體,尤其是在我國全面落實(shí)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型國家的進(jìn)程中的獨(dú)特作用,已成為理論界、實(shí)務(wù)界等各界的共識。作為中小企業(yè)中的重要組成群體,科技型中小企業(yè)憑借靈活的經(jīng)營方式、不懈的創(chuàng)新追求,逐漸成為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵力量和重要載體。對于科技型中小企業(yè)而言,它們在經(jīng)濟(jì)高速增長、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、社會(huì)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展等過程中扮演著十分重要的角色。然而,我國科技型中小企業(yè)遭遇了“高死亡率、高失敗率”的雙高問題,嚴(yán)重阻礙了其重要作用的有效發(fā)揮。與此同時(shí),在科技型中小企業(yè)群體中,有一部分企業(yè)卻能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)高速增長,有些企業(yè)成為行業(yè)的領(lǐng)軍者。究竟科技型中小企業(yè)差異化成長的內(nèi)在根源是什么?通過對已有的文獻(xiàn)梳理發(fā)現(xiàn),多數(shù)研究學(xué)者認(rèn)為科技型中小企業(yè)成長困境的主要原因在于資源匱乏。從科技型中小企業(yè)的生命本質(zhì)來說,決定其成長的更重要或更關(guān)鍵的因素是企業(yè)家。近年來,不少學(xué)者在研究中也指出,科技型中小企業(yè)的持續(xù)成長一定程度上依賴于企業(yè)家的個(gè)人能力,尤其是在科技型中小企業(yè)的早期發(fā)展階段,這一特點(diǎn)更為明顯。因此,在已有學(xué)者研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,以科技型中小企業(yè)為研究對象,揭示不同特征的企業(yè)家能力差異,以及不同能力的企業(yè)家對科技型中小企業(yè)成長產(chǎn)生作用的內(nèi)在機(jī)理,這對我國構(gòu)建科技型中小企業(yè)成長理論體系,具有較為重要的作用和理論價(jià)值。本文主要是剖析科技型中小企業(yè)家能力對科技型中小企業(yè)成長影響的機(jī)理,根據(jù)理論分析建立研究假設(shè),進(jìn)而通過問卷調(diào)查采集數(shù)據(jù),并利用多元回歸等方法檢驗(yàn)所提出的相關(guān)研究假設(shè),從而為更好的推進(jìn)科技型中小企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)成長提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)依據(jù)�；诖�,形成本文的研究內(nèi)容,主要涵蓋如下方面:第一,科技型中小企業(yè)家能力及其對科技型中小企業(yè)成長關(guān)系影響的框架模型研究。在已有文獻(xiàn)梳理基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行深層次的理論演繹,分別從理論層面分析了科技型中小企業(yè)家能力對企業(yè)成長的影響,以及企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向?qū)萍夹椭行∑髽I(yè)家能力與企業(yè)成長的調(diào)節(jié)作用。根據(jù)理論分析結(jié)果,提出了本文的理論研究假設(shè),構(gòu)建形成研究過程中使用的概念模型。第二,科技型中小企業(yè)家能力與科技型中小企業(yè)成長關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究設(shè)計(jì)。關(guān)于科技型中小企業(yè)家能力與企業(yè)成長關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究方法部分,首先是對變量操作化處理,主要涉及到的變量包括:科技型中小企業(yè)家能力、科技型中小企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向、科技型中小企業(yè)成長。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對問卷進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),并根據(jù)專家意見對問卷的可靠性進(jìn)行了分析探討,以確保問卷的有效性和問卷質(zhì)量。關(guān)于數(shù)據(jù)采集,主要是通過學(xué)校的校友會(huì)資源進(jìn)行大樣本調(diào)研,確保數(shù)據(jù)的代表性和保障問卷回收效果。最后對實(shí)證研究過程中采用的分析方法進(jìn)行了說明。第三,科技型中小企業(yè)家能力對科技型中小企業(yè)成長的實(shí)證分析�；谇笆龅睦碚摲治龊脱芯考僭O(shè),利用因子分析、信度分析、效度分析等方法,檢驗(yàn)科技型中小企業(yè)家能力、企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向和科技型中小企業(yè)成長等變量的信度和效度。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步對科技型中小企業(yè)家能力、科技型中小企業(yè)成長等變量進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,檢驗(yàn)變量之間是否存在嚴(yán)重的多重共線性問題;最后,運(yùn)用多元回歸模型檢驗(yàn)調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng),對提出的理論假設(shè)進(jìn)行實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),并對統(tǒng)計(jì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了基本的分析和討論,從而為研究科技型中小企業(yè)家影響科技型中小企業(yè)成長的內(nèi)在機(jī)理提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)證據(jù)。第四,研究結(jié)論的主要管理啟示。在前述的理論分析和實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了本文的主要研究結(jié)論和重要觀點(diǎn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國科技型中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展實(shí)際,從環(huán)境條件、機(jī)制建設(shè)等方面提出了促進(jìn)我國科技型中小企業(yè)的企業(yè)家發(fā)展的對策建議。根據(jù)本文的研究內(nèi)容和研究結(jié)論,創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)主要包含以下三點(diǎn):第一,構(gòu)建了 “科技型中小企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向—科技型中小企業(yè)家能力—科技型中小企業(yè)成長”的理論分析框架。本文提出了一個(gè)新框架分析企業(yè)家能力對企業(yè)成長影響,這也是本文邏輯主線�？萍夹椭行∑髽I(yè)成長核心要素是企業(yè)家,重點(diǎn)是科技型中小企業(yè)家是否具備與企業(yè)不同成長階段的能力要求相匹配;其次,不同企業(yè)家能力所獲取到的各種資源,可能轉(zhuǎn)換為企業(yè)成長的推動(dòng)力,這是確保企業(yè)健康成長的重要基礎(chǔ)。第二,揭示了科技型中小企業(yè)家能力約束性因素和功效。根據(jù)人力資本理論的相關(guān)研究,企業(yè)家能力的發(fā)揮主要受到自身相關(guān)因素的影響,從而本文揭示了不同特征的企業(yè)家的能力是如何影響科技型中小企業(yè)成長的基本作用機(jī)理。在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出了企業(yè)成長的復(fù)合測量指標(biāo),檢驗(yàn)不同企業(yè)家能力對企業(yè)成長的貢獻(xiàn),進(jìn)而形成了從企業(yè)家能力角度研究科技型中小企業(yè)成長功效的分析模型。第三,定義科技型中小企業(yè)家能力的關(guān)鍵維度并揭示企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向的調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng)。主要從機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)能力、政治關(guān)系能力、商業(yè)關(guān)系能力、學(xué)習(xí)能力、創(chuàng)新能力和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制能力六個(gè)維度構(gòu)建我國科技型中小企業(yè)家能力測量體系。通過企業(yè)家能力相關(guān)測量問項(xiàng),揭示科技型中小企業(yè)成長差異的企業(yè)家因素,探求科技型中小企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)成長的規(guī)律;從而解析科技型中小企業(yè)家能力維度對科技型中小企業(yè)成長行為的內(nèi)在作用機(jī)理。同時(shí),從先動(dòng)性、創(chuàng)新性和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)趨向三個(gè)維度剖析科技型中小企業(yè)家導(dǎo)向?qū)萍夹椭行∑髽I(yè)家能力與企業(yè)成長關(guān)系的調(diào)節(jié)效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:The small and medium-sized enterprise is an important part of the national economy, they have become the most active groups in China's economic and social development, especially in the full implementation of China's innovation driven development strategy and the unique role of innovative national construction process, has become the theory and practice, the consensus of the community. As an important component of small groups in the enterprise, scientific and technological small and medium-sized enterprises with a flexible mode of operation, the relentless pursuit of innovation, gradually become a key force for economic and social development and an important carrier. For science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises, they are in high speed of economic growth, industrial structure optimization, plays a very important role in the process of social stability and development. However, China's scientific and technological enterprises suffered a high mortality rate, high rate of "high failure, seriously hindered the effective play its important role. At the same time, the science and technology type Small business groups, some enterprises are to achieve rapid growth, some enterprises have become the industry leader. How SMEs poor growth is what causes alienation? Based on the existing literature review found that most of the scholars believe that the main reason of SME growth predicament is from lack of resources. The essence of life science and technology small and medium-sized enterprise, decided its growth is more important or more important factor is the entrepreneur. In recent years, many scholars have pointed out in the study, small and medium-sized enterprises continued to grow to a certain extent depends on the personal ability of the entrepreneur, especially in the early stage of development of small and medium-sized enterprises. This feature is more obvious. Therefore, based on the existing research achievements, the science and technology small and medium-sized enterprises as the research object, the difference of entrepreneur ability reveal different characteristics, and The internal mechanism of different abilities of entrepreneurs on SME growth effect, the theory of the growth of system construction in small and medium sized enterprises in China, and has important theoretical value. This paper is the influence mechanism analysis in small and medium sized entrepreneur ability of science and technology in the development of small business, according to the theoretical analysis to establish the research hypothesis then, through the questionnaire to collect data and related research hypotheses proposed using multiple regression test method, so as to promote the small and medium-sized enterprises to better achieve sustainable development provides the basis. Based on this, the formation of the research content of this paper, mainly cover the following aspects: first, the research framework model of the impact of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability and the growth of small and medium sized enterprise of science and technology. Based on the existing literatures, further deep theoretical deduction, By analyzing the impact of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability on enterprise growth from the theoretical level, and entrepreneurial orientation on small and medium-sized technology entrepreneur's ability and the enterprise growth regulation. According to the results of theoretical analysis, this paper put forward the research hypothesis, the conceptual model used in the process of researching the formation. Second, design an empirical study on the growth relationship small and medium-sized technology entrepreneurship and SME. Part of the empirical research method about the relationship between science and technology small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability and enterprise growth, is the first operation of the variable processing, mainly related to the variables include: small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, small and medium-sized entrepreneurial orientation, technological SMEs on the basis of this., questionnaires are designed and discussed according to the reliability of expert opinion on the questionnaire and questionnaire, to ensure the effective The quality of the questionnaire. On data acquisition, mainly through the school's alumni resources for large sample survey, to ensure the representativeness and security questionnaire data recovery effect. At the end of the analysis using empirical research methods in the process are described. Third, analysis of small and medium sized entrepreneur ability of science and technology is the growth of small and medium enterprises. The empirical analysis theory and the research hypothesis based on the aforementioned analysis, factor analysis, reliability, validity analysis, inspection technology of small and medium enterprises, entrepreneurial orientation and SME growth variables such as reliability and validity. On this basis, further to small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, SME growth variables by correlation analysis. If there is a serious problem of multicollinearity test between variables; finally, adjust the effect of using multiple regression model to test the theory put forward Empirical hypothesis was tested, and the results of statistical analysis are analyzed and discussed the basic experience, so as to provide evidence for the study of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs influence SME internal mechanism of growth. Fourth, the main management research conclusion. Based on the aforementioned theoretical analysis and empirical test, summarized the main conclusion of the study in this paper, and the major viewpoints. On this basis, combined with the actual development of China's small and medium-sized enterprises, from the environmental conditions, mechanism construction put forward some countermeasures to promote the development of entrepreneurs, high-tech SMEs in our country. According to the research contents and research conclusions, innovation mainly includes the following three points: first, the construction of "science and technology science and technology small and medium-sized and small entrepreneurial orientation entrepreneurial ability - the growth of small and medium enterprises" in the theoretical framework. This paper proposes a A new framework to analyze the effect of entrepreneur ability on enterprise growth, which is the main logic. The core elements of growing SME entrepreneurs, focused on whether the small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurs have different growth stages of the ability to match the requirements of all kinds of resources; secondly, different entrepreneurial ability acquired, can be transformed to the growth of enterprises this force is an important foundation to ensure the healthy growth of enterprises. Second, reveals the small and medium-sized entrepreneurs capacity constraints and effect. According to the study of human capital theory, enterprise ability is mainly affected by their own factors, so this paper reveals the different characteristics of the entrepreneur's ability is how to influence the basic mechanism of action the growth of small and medium sized enterprises. On this basis, put forward the composite measure of enterprise growth, test different entrepreneurs The ability to contribute to the growth of enterprises, and the formation of the analysis model from the perspective of entrepreneurship development research on the effect of growth of small and medium-sized high-tech enterprises. Third, adjusting effect of key dimension definitions of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial orientation. The main findings reveal the ability from the opportunity, political relations, business relationship ability, learning ability, six dimensions innovation and risk control ability to build science and technology small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability measurement system. The measurement items related to entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial factors reveal growth differences in small and medium sized enterprises, explore scientific and technological small and medium-sized enterprises to achieve sustained growth of the law; the intrinsic mechanism and analysis of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs ability dimensions on SME growth behavior at the same time, from the first move, innovation and risk tendency of three aspects of technology-based small and medium-sized entrepreneurs The regulation effect on the relationship between the ability of technology-based SMEs and the growth of enterprises.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F276.3;F272.92

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