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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生態(tài)化學計量 光合特性 氮磷添加 疏葉駱駝刺 西伯利亞白刺　出處：《新疆大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：干旱區(qū)氣候干燥惡劣,生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,荒漠植被在維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性等方面有重要作用;而生態(tài)化學計量學研究環(huán)境與生物間碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)等元素平衡以及其對生態(tài)過程影響,N、P養(yǎng)分的增加,影響植物養(yǎng)分的保持特性,尤其是在干旱地區(qū),N、P營養(yǎng)的缺乏往往會抑制植物的生長發(fā)育。研究N、P添加對荒漠鹽生植物養(yǎng)分元素及其光合特性的影響,可為深入理解干旱區(qū)生態(tài)過程內(nèi)涵,以及干旱區(qū)植被資源的恢復重建、資源再利用以及生態(tài)環(huán)境管理等提供科學依據(jù)。本文通過野外試驗與室內(nèi)實驗相結(jié)合的方法,對不同N、P供給水平下的土壤生態(tài)化學計量學特征,疏葉駱駝刺、西伯利亞白刺葉片養(yǎng)分含量的響應及其對植物葉片光合特性的影響等進行研究。結(jié)果表明:(1)根據(jù)施肥前土壤EC,將駱駝刺生境和白刺生境分別劃分為高鹽(LTC1)、中鹽(LTC2)、低鹽(LTC3)、和高鹽(BC1)、低鹽(BC2)。施肥前白刺生境土壤EC、pH平均值均高于駱駝刺生境,且施肥顯著提高LTC1土壤pH。(2)與黃河河口濕地土壤養(yǎng)分和全國平均水平相比,研究區(qū)表現(xiàn)出偏低的土壤C、N、P含量。施肥對土壤C含量無顯著影響,但不同樣方土壤C含量施肥后有低于CK(LTC2、LTC3、BC1),也有高于CK的(LTC1、BC2);施肥后不同生境土壤N含量低于CK(BC2除外),且在不同生境和不同水平下,土壤P和SAP含量與CK相比均未達到顯著水平。(3)總體上,施肥對植物葉片C、N、P含量及N/P并無顯著影響,其中LN和P處理下LTC2葉片N含量顯著高于CK,PHN處理則顯著降低BC2葉片N含量;LTC3葉片P含量在HN處理下顯著高于CK,PLN處理則使BC2植物葉片P含量顯著低于CK。研究區(qū)植物葉片N/P變異較大,沒有統(tǒng)一規(guī)律,因此,研究區(qū)植物葉片養(yǎng)分限制性元素較難判斷。(4)不同生境(LTC3除外),植物葉片不同養(yǎng)分指標均達到顯著相關(guān)水平。由鹽生植物養(yǎng)分元素與土壤因子間的相關(guān)性知,高鹽生境植物養(yǎng)分主要受土壤鹽分和酸堿度影響,且與駱駝刺生境和白刺生境分別為負相關(guān)和正相關(guān);中鹽生境植物養(yǎng)分主要受土壤鹽分和C含量的影響,低鹽生境(LTC3)植物養(yǎng)分則受土壤養(yǎng)分影響,BC1受土壤養(yǎng)分和pH影響較大,且與植物養(yǎng)分含量負相關(guān)。(5)在施肥處理下,駱駝刺和白刺植物光合特性含量與CK相比均不顯著,LN處理下前者植物光合指標含量要高于HN處理,HN處理下后者光合特性含量高于LN處理,LTC1植物Pn和PNUE在LN處理下顯著高于CK,LTC3、BC2植物Pn和PNUE在HN處理下分別顯著低于、顯著高于CK,BC2植物Pn在LN處理下顯著低于CK。(6)在LN處理下,LTC1植物Chl與葉片N含量呈顯著負相關(guān),且其降低了LTC2植物Pn與各葉片養(yǎng)分含量的相關(guān)系數(shù),HN處理對LTC1、LTC2各相關(guān)性影響均不顯著,LTC3在HN處理下Pn與P含量顯著正相關(guān),BC1僅在HN處理下PNUE與N含量顯著負相關(guān),LN處理對LTC3、BC1各相關(guān)性影響不顯著,BC2在LN處理下Chl與C含量顯著負相關(guān),HN處理降低相關(guān)系數(shù)。
[Abstract]:In arid area, the climate is dry and bad, the ecological environment is fragile, and desert vegetation plays an important role in maintaining the stability of ecosystem. Eco-chemometrics studies the balance between environment and organisms, such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and phosphorus, and their effects on the ecological process, such as the increase of N ~ (+) P and the conservation characteristics of plant nutrients. Especially in arid areas, the nutrient deficiency of Nampa P often inhibits the growth and development of plants. The study of the effects of NNP supplementation on nutrient elements and photosynthetic characteristics of desert halophytes can be used to understand the connotation of ecological process in arid areas. As well as the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation resources, the reuse of vegetation resources and the management of ecological environment in arid areas, etc. This paper combines field experiments with indoor experiments, and provides scientific basis for the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation resources. The characteristics of soil ecochemometrics under different N P supply levels were studied. The response of leaf nutrient content in Siberian spur and its effect on photosynthetic characteristics of plant leaves were studied. The results showed that according to soil ECs before fertilization, the habitat of Camellia spp and Spurr were divided into two groups: high salt, high salt, high salt, and medium salt, respectively. The average pH values of soil ECs in low salt, high salt, high salt, low salt and low salt spurs were higher than those in Camellia camellii, and the average pH of soil ECC was higher than that of Camellia camellii before fertilization. Compared with the soil nutrient and the national average level of the Yellow River estuary wetland, the study area showed a low content of C ~ (+ +) N ~ (2 +) P in soil, but fertilization had no significant effect on the soil C content. However, the content of C in different soil was lower than that of CK, and the content of N was lower than that of CK(BC2 in different habitats, and the N content in different habitats was lower than that of CK(BC2, and the N content in different habitats was lower than that in different habitats and at different levels. Soil P and SAP contents did not reach the significant level compared with CK.) in general, fertilization had no significant effect on the content of N / P and N / P in plant leaves. The N content of LTC2 leaves under LN and P treatments was significantly higher than that of CK BC2 leaves. Under HN treatment, the N content of BC2 leaves was significantly higher than that of CK C 3 treatments, and the P content of BC2 leaves was significantly lower than that of CK. plants in the study area. Leaf N / P variation is large, There is no uniform law, so, In the study area, it is difficult to judge the nutrient limiting elements of plant leaves. (4) except for LTC3 in different habitats, different nutrient indexes of plant leaves have reached a significant correlation level, and the correlation between nutrient elements of halophytes and soil factors is known. Plant nutrients in high-salt habitats were mainly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity, and negatively and positively correlated with Camellia camellae and Nitraria nigra habitats, while plant nutrients in middle salt habitats were mainly affected by soil salinity and C content. In low salt habitat, plant nutrients were influenced by soil nutrients and pH, and negatively correlated with plant nutrient contents. The photosynthetic characteristic contents of Camel and Nitraria were not significant compared with CK under LN treatment, the photosynthetic index content of the former was higher than that of HN treatment and that of Ln treatment was higher than that of LN treatment and PNUE treatment. Under LN treatment, the photosynthetic characteristic content of the former was higher than that of Ln treatment and the latter was higher than that of LN treatment. P _ n and PNUE were significantly higher than that of CK _ (LTC _ 3) BC2 under HN treatment, and were significantly lower than those under HN treatment, respectively. Compared with CK BC2, PN was significantly lower than that of CK. 6 under LN treatment. Under LN treatment, there was a significant negative correlation between Chl and leaf N content. The correlation coefficient between PN and nutrient content in leaves of LTC2 plants was decreased. The effect of HN treatment on the correlation between LTC1and LTC2 was not significant. There was a significant positive correlation between PN and P content under HN treatment and only a significant negative correlation between PNUE and N content under HN treatment. The effect of LN treatment on the correlation of LTC _ 3 and BC1 was not significant. The correlation coefficient between Chl and C content was negatively correlated with that of HN treatment under LN treatment.
【學位授予單位】：新疆大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：Q945.11

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