【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人們生態(tài)節(jié)能環(huán)保意識的不斷提高,世界各國紛紛開始研究將農作物秸稈作為新型材料運用到生態(tài)建筑中。秸稈建筑在西方發(fā)達國家農村住宅中出現(xiàn)較早,這種秸稈草磚建筑主要以木材組成豎向承重構件,圍護結構采用秸稈草磚,此種結構具有自重輕、良好的抗震性能和保溫隔熱性能,是傳統(tǒng)的綠色、節(jié)能建筑。近年來,我國北方部分農村地區(qū)已經(jīng)開始秸稈草磚住宅的修建,房屋的承載構件仍采用粘土磚,秸稈草磚僅作為墻體的填充材料。秸稈草磚在建筑中的開發(fā)應用,可解決資源、能源短缺問題,同時促進人類社會與生態(tài)環(huán)境和諧可持續(xù)發(fā)展。本文在參考大量國內外文獻后,進行秸稈草磚墻體試驗,ANSYS有限元模擬分析以及對農村秸稈草磚住宅設計方法進行研究。主要工作有:(1)對單層農村秸稈草磚住宅窗間墻體進行豎向承載力試驗,介紹秸稈草磚墻體砌筑過程,研究秸稈窗間墻體在豎向荷載作用下受力特點,變形特征、屈服承載力及其破壞形式。試驗結果表明該秸稈草磚墻體滿足作為農村秸稈草磚單層住宅窗間墻體豎向承載力要求。(2)通過運用ANSYS13.0有限元分析軟件對三種秸稈草磚墻體試件模型進行模擬分析,分別是鋼絲網(wǎng)水泥砂漿抹灰秸稈草磚墻體W-1模型、木龍骨水泥砂漿抹灰秸稈草磚墻體W-2模型以及水泥砂漿抹灰秸稈草磚墻體W-3模型。通過有限元分析所得荷載-位移曲線與試驗結果進行對比,證明模擬方法的正確性,得出不同構造措施對秸稈草磚墻體的影響。(3)介紹了農村節(jié)能秸稈草磚住宅結構類型。針對農村秸稈草磚住宅環(huán)境及施工特點,對秸稈草磚建筑提出相應的設計方法與相應的構造措施。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the continuous improvement of people's awareness of ecological energy conservation and environmental protection, countries all over the world have begun to study the application of crop straw as a new material in ecological buildings. Straw building appeared early in rural housing in western developed countries. This kind of straw brick building is mainly composed of vertical load-bearing components of wood, and straw brick is used in enclosure structure. This structure has light weight, good seismic performance and thermal insulation performance. It is a traditional green and energy-saving building. In recent years, the construction of straw brick house has begun in some rural areas of northern China. Clay brick is still used as the bearing component of the house, and straw brick is only used as the filling material of the wall. The development and application of straw brick in architecture can solve the problem of shortage of resources and energy, and promote the harmonious and sustainable development of human society and ecological environment. In this paper, after referring to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, straw brick wall test, ANSYS finite element simulation analysis and rural straw brick residential design method are studied. The main work is as follows: (1) the vertical bearing capacity test of single-story rural straw brick house window wall is carried out, the masonry process of straw grass brick wall is introduced, and the stress characteristics, deformation characteristics, yield bearing capacity and failure form of straw window wall under vertical load are studied. The test results show that the straw brick wall meets the requirements of vertical bearing capacity of the wall between windows of rural straw brick single-story residence. (2) three kinds of straw grass brick wall specimen models are simulated and analyzed by using ANSYS13.0 finite element analysis software, which are steel wire mesh cement mortar plastering straw brick wall W / 1 model. Wood keel cement mortar plastering straw brick wall W / 2 model and cement mortar plastering straw grass brick wall W / 3 model. By comparing the load-displacement curve obtained by finite element analysis with the experimental results, the correctness of the simulation method is proved, and the influence of different structural measures on straw brick wall is obtained. (3) the structural types of rural energy-saving straw brick house are introduced. According to the environment and construction characteristics of straw brick house in rural areas, the corresponding design methods and corresponding structural measures for straw brick building are put forward.
【學位授予單位】：吉林建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU362;TU531.6

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本文編號：2503379