【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，天然氣在能源領(lǐng)域的比重越來越高，在很多行業(yè)已經(jīng)逐步取代了石油、煤礦等傳統(tǒng)能源，成為了當(dāng)今社會發(fā)展的新型能源。天然氣是一種清潔能源，污染小，環(huán)境保護(hù)程度高，利用率高，在很多行業(yè)已經(jīng)占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)的地位，隨之各種天然氣相關(guān)事故時(shí)有發(fā)生，給人民的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全帶來了極大的隱患。天然氣事故一般會有爆炸和火災(zāi)的危險(xiǎn)，事態(tài)不易控制，很難進(jìn)行有效的應(yīng)急救援工作。城市天然氣事故多由于管道出現(xiàn)問題而發(fā)生，有的天然氣管道埋于地下，各種線路管道情況復(fù)雜，更不便于檢查監(jiān)控，所以要采取有效的安全管理措施，防患于未然，進(jìn)行科學(xué)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)，對城市天然氣管道的危險(xiǎn)源進(jìn)行處理，最大可能的防止城市天然氣管道的泄漏、爆炸、火災(zāi)，最大程度的保障人民的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。 本文首先闡述了城市天然氣的發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行了簡單的介紹，接著對城市天然氣管道的安全隱患進(jìn)行了分析，介紹了天然氣管道事故的事故特點(diǎn)，介紹了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，然后研究了管道安全評價(jià)技術(shù)，最后通過定性的事故樹分析法和半定量的灰色模型評價(jià)法對城市天然氣管道事故進(jìn)行了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)和安全性的分析，最終得出了相應(yīng)的安全防范措施和數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)論，提高了城市天然氣管道的安全程度。 基于以上的理論分析，本文以城市天然氣管道為研究對象，利用事故樹分析法和灰色理論GM(1,1)模型分析法進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)。本文的研究能夠?yàn)轭A(yù)防、評價(jià)城市天然氣管道事故提供可靠的理論基礎(chǔ)和一些相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)，有利于進(jìn)一步的對天然氣管道事故進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)的研究，加快天然氣管道風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)的發(fā)展，保障城市天然氣管道的正常運(yùn)行。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the proportion of natural gas in the field of energy is getting higher and higher. In many industries, natural gas has gradually replaced the traditional energy sources such as petroleum, coal mines and so on, and has become a new type of energy for the development of the society today. Natural gas is a kind of clean energy, with low pollution, high environmental protection and high utilization ratio. It has occupied a dominant position in many industries, and various natural gas-related accidents have occurred from time to time. It has brought great hidden trouble to the people's life and property safety. Natural gas accidents usually have the danger of explosion and fire, the situation is not easy to control, and it is very difficult to carry on the effective emergency rescue work. Urban natural gas accidents often occur because of problems in pipelines, some natural gas pipelines are buried underground, the situation of various lines and pipelines is complex, and even less convenient for inspection and monitoring, so effective safety management measures should be taken to prevent accidents in the near future. Scientific risk analysis and risk assessment are carried out to deal with the dangerous sources of urban natural gas pipelines so as to prevent the leakage explosion and fire of urban natural gas pipelines to the maximum extent to ensure the safety of people's lives and property. In this paper, the development of urban natural gas is introduced briefly, then the hidden danger of urban natural gas pipeline is analyzed, the accident characteristic of natural gas pipeline accident is introduced, the risk and risk management are introduced, and the safety hidden trouble of urban natural gas pipeline is analyzed, and the accident characteristic of natural gas pipeline accident is introduced. Finally, the risk assessment and safety analysis of urban natural gas pipeline accidents are carried out by means of qualitative fault tree analysis and semi-quantitative grey model evaluation, and the safety of urban natural gas pipeline accidents is analyzed by means of qualitative fault tree analysis and semi-quantitative grey model evaluation. Finally, the corresponding safety measures and data analysis conclusions are drawn, and the safety degree of urban natural gas pipeline is improved. Based on the above theoretical analysis, this paper takes the urban natural gas pipeline as the research object, uses the accident tree analysis method and the grey theory GM (1,1) model analysis method to carry on the risk assessment. The research in this paper can provide a reliable theoretical basis and some relevant data for the prevention and evaluation of urban gas pipeline accidents, which is conducive to the further study on the risk assessment of natural gas pipeline accidents. Speed up the development of natural gas pipeline risk assessment to ensure the normal operation of urban natural gas pipeline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU996.7

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