【摘要】：隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化水平的不斷提升,城市交通的擁擠狀況也在不斷加劇。為緩解這一現(xiàn)象,我國大多數(shù)一、二線城市開始大規(guī)模規(guī)劃和建設地鐵。西安作為其中之一規(guī)劃了十余條地鐵線路,但西安大多數(shù)地鐵車站修建于黃土場地且位于8度設防區(qū),地鐵車站結構一旦遭遇地震破壞,對整個城市的生產和生活帶來不便。已有震害表明,地鐵車站破壞后不僅修復困難而且代價很大。因此,開展黃土場地地鐵地下車站的振動臺試驗和研究對后續(xù)黃土地區(qū)地鐵車站的抗震設計和研究意義非凡。本文針對黃土場地條件下的地鐵地下車站開展振動臺試驗方案設計并對其合理性進行驗證,主要研究工作包括以下幾個方面:(1)通過查閱大量有關地下結構方面的振動臺試驗研究文獻,總結了各種振動臺試驗及其方法的優(yōu)缺點。針對本次試驗內容選擇滿足要求的振動臺、剪切模型土箱和各種測試元件等。(2)設計適合西安典型黃土地區(qū)振動臺試驗方案,主要設計及研究內容包括:通過確定長度相似比、材料相似比和密度相似比進一步設計整個試驗過程中各參數(shù)的相似比;對比常用的承載力相似和等面積配筋率相等兩種配筋方案優(yōu)缺點,最終確定適合本次試驗的配筋方案;采用微型模具進行車站模型的制作;采用欠人工質量模型進行配重的計算與布置;對比選擇適合西安黃土場地條件的天然地震波和人工合成地震波;進行地震響應測點布置優(yōu)化研究。(3)通過ABAQUS軟件模擬試驗模型在8度設防中震作用下結構的受力特征,計算方法采用《城市軌道交通抗震設計規(guī)范》(GB 50909-2014)中的反應位移法。為還原真實的試驗狀況,本文采用三維實體單元建立分析模型,而非規(guī)范推薦的梁單元分析模型。模擬結果與試驗中西安人工波0.2g工況下測的數(shù)據(jù)進行對比;同時對比試驗中地鐵車站結構的破壞特點與實際工程中地鐵車站的震害特征。從這兩方面驗證試驗方案的合理性和可行性。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization in China, urban traffic congestion is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate this phenomenon, most of the first and second-tier cities in our country began to plan and build subway on a large scale. As one of them, Xi'an has planned more than ten subway lines, but most of the subway stations in Xi'an are built in loess sites and are located in 8 degree fortification areas. Once the subway station structure is damaged by earthquake, it will bring inconvenience to the production and life of the whole city. The earthquake damage has shown that the subway station is not only difficult to repair but also costly. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out shaking table test and research of underground subway station in loess site for seismic design and research of subway station in the following loess area. In this paper, the vibration table test scheme is designed for underground subway station under the condition of loess site and its rationality is verified. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1) the advantages and disadvantages of various shaking table tests and their methods are summarized by consulting a large number of documents on shaking table tests of underground structures. According to the contents of this test, the vibration table, shear model soil box and various test elements are selected to meet the requirements. (2) the test scheme is designed for the typical loess area of Xi'an. The main design and research contents are as follows: the similarity ratio of each parameter in the whole test process is further designed by determining the length similarity ratio, the material similarity ratio and the density similarity ratio; Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of two kinds of reinforcement schemes, which are similar bearing capacity and equal reinforcement ratio of equal area, the reinforcement scheme suitable for this test is finally determined, and the station model is made with miniature mould. Under artificial mass model is used to calculate and arrange counterweight, and natural seismic wave and synthetic seismic wave which are suitable for Xi'an loess site are compared and selected. The optimum arrangement of seismic response measuring points is studied. (3) the stress characteristics of structures under the action of 8 degree fortification are simulated by ABAQUS software. The response displacement method in the Code for Seismic Design of Urban Rail Transit (GB 50909-2014) is adopted. In order to restore the real experimental situation, the analysis model is established by using three-dimensional solid element, rather than the beam element analysis model recommended by the specification. The simulation results are compared with the measured data of Xi'an artificial wave at 0.2 g working condition, and the damage characteristics of subway station structure in the test are compared with the seismic damage characteristics of the actual subway station. The rationality and feasibility of the test scheme are verified from these two aspects.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U231.4;TU93

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