摩擦滑移隔震框架結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)與設(shè)計(jì)方法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-17 20:36
【摘要】：摩擦滑移隔震是結(jié)構(gòu)隔震的主要型式之一,其隔震效果取決于滑移隔震支座的性能,而摩擦系數(shù)是影響支座性能的主要因素。一般來說,摩擦系數(shù)越小,隔震效果就會(huì)越好,但過小的摩擦系數(shù)卻會(huì)造成滑移位移過大,增加限位復(fù)位的難度,甚至影響建筑物的使用功能。二硫化鉬具有良好的附著性、耐高溫抗高壓性以及低摩擦性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),被譽(yù)為“高級(jí)固體潤(rùn)滑油王”。文中采用二硫化鉬固體潤(rùn)滑劑作為隔震支座的摩擦材料,并以軟鋼實(shí)體圓錐棒作為限位消能器,設(shè)計(jì)制作了一種新型滑移隔震裝置。將其應(yīng)用到一五層鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)中,進(jìn)行了Simulink仿真分析和振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)研究,并探討了摩擦滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。主要工作和研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)分析了新型滑移隔震支座的設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)和工作原理,介紹了二硫化鉬材料的性能和優(yōu)點(diǎn),采用MTS電液伺服試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),對(duì)其進(jìn)行了不同豎向荷載下的摩擦性能試驗(yàn),探討了二硫化鉬作為新型隔震系統(tǒng)滑移材料的可行性,并通過函數(shù)擬合建立了摩擦系數(shù)與豎向壓應(yīng)力的函數(shù)關(guān)系式。結(jié)果表明,隔震支座的摩擦恢復(fù)力曲線符合庫(kù)倫摩擦力模型,二硫化鉬涂層材料摩擦性能穩(wěn)定,摩擦系數(shù)約為0.04~0.05,可以作為建筑滑移隔震系統(tǒng)的滑移材料。(2)基于量綱理論,在綜合考慮振動(dòng)臺(tái)承載能力的基礎(chǔ)上,按照一致相似關(guān)系設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)比例為1:5五層鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ?并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了模擬地震振動(dòng)臺(tái)試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:摩擦滑移隔震技術(shù)延長(zhǎng)了結(jié)構(gòu)體系的自振周期;相比10Hz諧波,2Hz諧波時(shí)隔震層產(chǎn)生的滑移量明顯變大,隔震層位移對(duì)頻譜特性較為敏感。純滑移和限位滑移時(shí)隔震結(jié)構(gòu)的層間位移都很小,加速度呈“K”字形分布,達(dá)到了理想的減震效果;三維地震作用下的隔震層滑移量相比X單向滑移時(shí)略有增大,其X向的加速度反應(yīng)處于X向抗震和X向滑移之間,最大減震效果為51.46%,表明了豎向地震作用下摩擦滑移隔震技術(shù)依然有效;采取水箱滑移隔震技術(shù)后,水箱的加速度響應(yīng)出現(xiàn)了明顯地衰減,屋面凸出物的鞭梢效應(yīng)得到了較好地抑制,且主體結(jié)構(gòu)的地震反應(yīng)也有一定的減小,表明附加層滑移隔震措施,可以作為抗震設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)體系的第二道抗震防線。(3)以五層框架試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ偷脑蜑橛?jì)算模型,綜合運(yùn)用Matlab編程語言、GCI工具和Simulink仿真模塊,其中庫(kù)倫摩擦力采用Stateflow有限狀態(tài)機(jī)來模擬,彈塑性圓錐棒限位器的滯回特性采用Bouc-Wen模型來描述,以此建立了滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)的Simulink主仿真模型,包括上部結(jié)構(gòu)仿真模型、隔震層仿真模型、能量反應(yīng)仿真模型、限位器仿真模型和摩擦力子模型。分析了不同地震波下結(jié)構(gòu)體系的動(dòng)力反應(yīng)和能量反應(yīng)規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,強(qiáng)震記錄時(shí)抗震結(jié)構(gòu)的仿真與試驗(yàn)加速度值吻合的較好,滑移結(jié)構(gòu)的隔震層滑移量比較接近,誤差較小。隨著摩擦系數(shù)的增大,結(jié)構(gòu)地震總輸入能總體上呈上升趨勢(shì),且當(dāng)摩擦系數(shù)增大到0.15時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu)總輸入能變化已不再明顯。隨著預(yù)留滑移量的增大,地震總輸入能逐漸減小,隔震性能逐漸提高,但隔震層的總滯回耗能也逐漸減小,其滯回耗能比變化不大,在0.86左右,相比抗震結(jié)構(gòu),不同滑移量下的隔震層都能較好地發(fā)揮滯回耗能,且減震效果相當(dāng);隔震層的最大滑移量隨預(yù)留滑移量的增加而增大,滯回曲線飽滿,限位器起到了良好的限位消能作用,摩擦滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)獲得了較好的減震效果。(4)根據(jù)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范規(guī)程以及前人的理論分析和試驗(yàn)研究成果,并結(jié)合多年試點(diǎn)工程總結(jié)的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn),總結(jié)和探討了現(xiàn)階段適合于滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方法,包括初步設(shè)計(jì)、隔震層的設(shè)計(jì)、限位消能裝置的設(shè)計(jì)以及上部結(jié)構(gòu)、下部結(jié)構(gòu)和地基基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)造方法等,為后人進(jìn)行滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)提供了一定的參考依據(jù),有助于滑移隔震結(jié)構(gòu)在實(shí)際工程中的推廣使用。最后運(yùn)用SAP2000有限元軟件對(duì)一多層框架結(jié)構(gòu)工程實(shí)例進(jìn)行了滑移隔震設(shè)計(jì),分析了其減震效果。
[Abstract]:Friction-sliding isolation is one of the main types of structural isolation. Its isolation effect depends on the performance of sliding isolation bearings, and friction coefficient is the main factor affecting the performance of bearings. Molybdenum disulfide is known as "king of advanced solid lubricants" because of its good adhesion, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and low friction. A new type of sliding isolation device is introduced. Simulink simulation analysis and shaking table test are carried out in a five-story reinforced concrete frame structure. The design method of friction sliding isolation structure is discussed. The main work and research contents are as follows: (1) The design points and working principle of the new type of sliding isolation bearing are analyzed. The properties and advantages of molybdenum disulfide are introduced. The friction properties of molybdenum disulfide under different vertical loads are tested by MTS electro-hydraulic servo test system. The feasibility of molybdenum disulfide as a new sliding material for vibration isolation system is discussed. The functional relationship between friction coefficient and vertical compressive stress is established by function fitting. The friction restoring force curve of isolation bearings accords with Coulomb friction model. The friction performance of molybdenum disulfide coating material is stable, and the friction coefficient is about 0.04~0.05. It can be used as sliding material of building sliding isolation system. (2) Based on dimension theory, considering the bearing capacity of shaking table, a uniform similarity relation is designed. The results show that the frictional sliding isolation technique prolongs the natural vibration period of the structure system, and the sliding quantity of the isolation layer increases obviously when compared with the 10Hz harmonic wave, and the displacement of the isolation layer is more sensitive to the spectrum characteristics. The displacement between layers of isolation structure is very small, and the acceleration distribution is "K" shape, which achieves the ideal damping effect; the slip of isolation layer under three-dimensional earthquake is slightly larger than that under X-direction slip, and the acceleration response in X-direction is between X-direction seismic resistance and X-direction slip, the maximum damping effect is 51.46%, indicating that the vertical seismic isolation layer slip is slightly larger than that under X-direction slip. Friction sliding isolation technology is still effective under earthquake action; after adopting water tank sliding isolation technology, the acceleration response of water tank appears obvious attenuation, the whiplash effect of roof protrusion is well suppressed, and the seismic response of main structure is also reduced to a certain extent, indicating that the additional layer sliding isolation measures can be used as seismic design. (3) Based on the prototype of the five-story frame test model, the MATLAB programming language, GCI tools and Simulink simulation module are used to simulate the Coulomb friction. The Stateflow finite state machine is used to simulate the Coulomb friction, and the Bouc-Wen model is used to describe the hysteretic characteristics of the elastic-plastic cone bar limiter. Simulink main simulation model of sliding isolation structure is established, including superstructure simulation model, isolation layer simulation model, energy response simulation model, limit simulation model and friction sub-model. With the increase of friction coefficient, the total seismic input energy of the structure shows an upward trend, and when the friction coefficient increases to 0.15, the change of the total input energy of the structure is no longer obvious. The energy input decreases gradually and the isolation performance improves gradually, but the total hysteretic energy dissipation of the isolation layer decreases gradually. The hysteretic energy dissipation ratio of the isolation layer has little change at about 0.86. Compared with the aseismic structure, the isolation layer with different slip can play a better role in hysteretic energy dissipation, and the maximum slip of the isolation layer increases with the reserved slip. With the increase of hysteresis curves and the saturation of hysteresis curves, the restrictor plays a good role in limiting energy dissipation, and the friction-sliding isolation structure achieves a better damping effect. (4) Based on the relevant design standards and codes at home and abroad, as well as the theoretical analysis and experimental research results of predecessors, and combined with the valuable experience of many years of pilot projects, this paper summarizes and discusses the present situation. The design method of sliding isolation structure, including preliminary design, isolation layer design, limit energy dissipation device design, upper structure, lower structure and foundation design and construction method, is suitable for sliding isolation structure design. Finally, the sliding isolation design of a multi-story frame structure is carried out by using the finite element software SAP2000, and the damping effect is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.12
本文編號(hào)：2247021
[Abstract]:Friction-sliding isolation is one of the main types of structural isolation. Its isolation effect depends on the performance of sliding isolation bearings, and friction coefficient is the main factor affecting the performance of bearings. Molybdenum disulfide is known as "king of advanced solid lubricants" because of its good adhesion, high temperature resistance, high pressure resistance and low friction. A new type of sliding isolation device is introduced. Simulink simulation analysis and shaking table test are carried out in a five-story reinforced concrete frame structure. The design method of friction sliding isolation structure is discussed. The main work and research contents are as follows: (1) The design points and working principle of the new type of sliding isolation bearing are analyzed. The properties and advantages of molybdenum disulfide are introduced. The friction properties of molybdenum disulfide under different vertical loads are tested by MTS electro-hydraulic servo test system. The feasibility of molybdenum disulfide as a new sliding material for vibration isolation system is discussed. The functional relationship between friction coefficient and vertical compressive stress is established by function fitting. The friction restoring force curve of isolation bearings accords with Coulomb friction model. The friction performance of molybdenum disulfide coating material is stable, and the friction coefficient is about 0.04~0.05. It can be used as sliding material of building sliding isolation system. (2) Based on dimension theory, considering the bearing capacity of shaking table, a uniform similarity relation is designed. The results show that the frictional sliding isolation technique prolongs the natural vibration period of the structure system, and the sliding quantity of the isolation layer increases obviously when compared with the 10Hz harmonic wave, and the displacement of the isolation layer is more sensitive to the spectrum characteristics. The displacement between layers of isolation structure is very small, and the acceleration distribution is "K" shape, which achieves the ideal damping effect; the slip of isolation layer under three-dimensional earthquake is slightly larger than that under X-direction slip, and the acceleration response in X-direction is between X-direction seismic resistance and X-direction slip, the maximum damping effect is 51.46%, indicating that the vertical seismic isolation layer slip is slightly larger than that under X-direction slip. Friction sliding isolation technology is still effective under earthquake action; after adopting water tank sliding isolation technology, the acceleration response of water tank appears obvious attenuation, the whiplash effect of roof protrusion is well suppressed, and the seismic response of main structure is also reduced to a certain extent, indicating that the additional layer sliding isolation measures can be used as seismic design. (3) Based on the prototype of the five-story frame test model, the MATLAB programming language, GCI tools and Simulink simulation module are used to simulate the Coulomb friction. The Stateflow finite state machine is used to simulate the Coulomb friction, and the Bouc-Wen model is used to describe the hysteretic characteristics of the elastic-plastic cone bar limiter. Simulink main simulation model of sliding isolation structure is established, including superstructure simulation model, isolation layer simulation model, energy response simulation model, limit simulation model and friction sub-model. With the increase of friction coefficient, the total seismic input energy of the structure shows an upward trend, and when the friction coefficient increases to 0.15, the change of the total input energy of the structure is no longer obvious. The energy input decreases gradually and the isolation performance improves gradually, but the total hysteretic energy dissipation of the isolation layer decreases gradually. The hysteretic energy dissipation ratio of the isolation layer has little change at about 0.86. Compared with the aseismic structure, the isolation layer with different slip can play a better role in hysteretic energy dissipation, and the maximum slip of the isolation layer increases with the reserved slip. With the increase of hysteresis curves and the saturation of hysteresis curves, the restrictor plays a good role in limiting energy dissipation, and the friction-sliding isolation structure achieves a better damping effect. (4) Based on the relevant design standards and codes at home and abroad, as well as the theoretical analysis and experimental research results of predecessors, and combined with the valuable experience of many years of pilot projects, this paper summarizes and discusses the present situation. The design method of sliding isolation structure, including preliminary design, isolation layer design, limit energy dissipation device design, upper structure, lower structure and foundation design and construction method, is suitable for sliding isolation structure design. Finally, the sliding isolation design of a multi-story frame structure is carried out by using the finite element software SAP2000, and the damping effect is analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU352.12
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