【摘要】：城市正常發(fā)展和運作離不開城市公共設(shè)施,很多城市公共設(shè)施因其具有負(fù)外部效應(yīng),其用地選址、建設(shè)及在平時的工作運行中易引發(fā)矛盾導(dǎo)致鄰避效應(yīng)的發(fā)生,這種矛盾現(xiàn)已成為城市規(guī)劃及城市管理中面臨的主要矛盾之一。通常這類設(shè)施會導(dǎo)致公眾抵制的現(xiàn)象,這種現(xiàn)象一般被稱為鄰避效應(yīng)。本文通過對哈爾濱幾類鄰避設(shè)施對居住區(qū)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響的案例的梳理,歸納出鄰避設(shè)施對居住區(qū)負(fù)面影響因素,并運用規(guī)劃技術(shù)于段和城市管理角度進行理性分析,并提出城市規(guī)劃和管理方面的對策。首先,對鄰避設(shè)施進行基礎(chǔ)性研究對常見鄰避設(shè)施和鄰避設(shè)施的分類進行歸納。并透析在現(xiàn)行城市規(guī)劃體系中鄰避設(shè)施的受重視程度及規(guī)劃手段影響鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃的可行性。同時,對國內(nèi)外研究進展和國內(nèi)外實踐經(jīng)驗進行總結(jié),通過摸清案例事件的發(fā)展脈絡(luò),從中汲取可行的解決方式。為后續(xù)分析提供理性論證的基礎(chǔ)。其次,論述哈爾濱市內(nèi)三起鄰避設(shè)施對居住區(qū)產(chǎn)生鄰避效應(yīng)的案例,對事件深入走訪調(diào)查,同時調(diào)研取證,運用規(guī)劃理論,分析了案例中造成負(fù)面影響并引發(fā)的鄰避效應(yīng)的內(nèi)外因及可行的初步策略,并在理論層面反思在規(guī)劃設(shè)計與作業(yè)中應(yīng)該著重考慮的因素和居住區(qū)規(guī)劃規(guī)避鄰避效應(yīng)的選址原則,同時利用建立數(shù)學(xué)模型規(guī)范鄰避設(shè)施的選址。再次,針對事例中凸顯的問題對不同類型的鄰避設(shè)施進行統(tǒng)計學(xué)的主觀及客觀評價,并提出相應(yīng)的管理策略和措施,進一步加深和拓展對鄰避設(shè)施的更深層次的。并在案例事件的發(fā)展中汲取可行的解決方式。最后,選取規(guī)劃實例進行分析,分析規(guī)劃實例中存在的問題,靈活運用文章前部分提出的對策和措施對其造成的負(fù)面影響進行實證分析。以期望通過各種規(guī)劃于段促使居住區(qū)在規(guī)避鄰避設(shè)施的規(guī)劃和建設(shè)中能夠回歸到理性、公平、公開、和平的基礎(chǔ)上,藉此化解常見類型鄰避設(shè)施規(guī)劃建設(shè)可能面臨的矛盾和困境。
[Abstract]:The normal development and operation of the city can not be separated from the urban public facilities. Because of its negative external effects, many urban public facilities are prone to cause conflicts in site selection, construction and operation in peacetime, which lead to the occurrence of adjacent effects. This contradiction has become one of the main contradictions in urban planning and urban management. Usually such facilities lead to public resistance, which is commonly referred to as the neighborhood effect. By combing the cases of several kinds of adjacent facilities in Harbin that have negative effects on residential areas, this paper sums up the negative factors of adjacent facilities on residential areas, and uses planning technology to carry out rational analysis in the perspective of segment and urban management. And put forward the countermeasures of urban planning and management. First of all, the basic research on adjacent avoidance facilities and the classification of common neighbor avoidance facilities are summarized. It also analyzes the importance of adjacent facilities and the feasibility of planning methods in the current urban planning system. At the same time, this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research progress and the domestic and foreign practical experience, and draws the feasible solution from it by finding out the development context of the case events. To provide the basis of rational argumentation for subsequent analysis. Secondly, the paper discusses the case of three adjacent facilities in Harbin, which have the effect of neighborhood avoidance, and makes a thorough investigation of the incident, at the same time, investigates and collects evidence, and applies the planning theory. This paper analyzes the internal and external causes and feasible strategies of the adjacent avoidance effect caused by the negative impact in the case, and reflects on the factors that should be considered in the planning, design and operation, and the location principle of the neighborhood planning to avoid the adjacent avoidance effect in the planning and design of the residential area. At the same time, a mathematical model is established to standardize the location of adjacent facilities. Thirdly, the subjective and objective evaluation of different types of adjacent avoidance facilities is carried out in accordance with the problems highlighted in the case, and the corresponding management strategies and measures are put forward to further deepen and expand the deeper level of adjacent avoidance facilities. And in the case of the development of viable solutions. Finally, this paper selects the planning example to analyze the problems existing in the planning case, and makes an empirical analysis of the negative effects caused by the countermeasures and measures put forward in the first part of the article. In the hope that through various planning sections, residential areas can return to rational, fair, open and peaceful planning and construction in order to circumvent the planning and construction of adjacent facilities, In order to resolve the common types of adjacent facilities planning and construction may face contradictions and difficulties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU984.12

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