本文選題：高大空間建筑 + 氣流組織�。� 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：實際工程中,高大空間建筑的通風(fēng)空調(diào)氣流組織方案有多種形式。其中,運用較多的形式有上送下回的全室空調(diào)方案和中部側(cè)送風(fēng)的分層空調(diào)方案。實際工程中,對上述兩種氣流組織方式而言,還存在著設(shè)計方法復(fù)雜、不便于工程應(yīng)用,實際氣流組織效果不理想、能耗偏高等實際問題。為此,針對實際工程中常用的高大空間建筑通風(fēng)空調(diào)氣流組織方式,開展設(shè)計方法、設(shè)計方案優(yōu)化的研究,具有重要的工程實際應(yīng)用價值,研究成果對工程設(shè)計具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。首先,論文針對全室空調(diào)和分層空調(diào)的氣流組織工程計算方法,通過參數(shù)無量綱化處理,對計算公式進(jìn)行簡化變形;運用簡化后的計算方法,繪制出兩種空調(diào)氣流組織方式下的冬、夏季計算圖表,為實際工程應(yīng)用提供設(shè)計參考。同時,以重慶某高大空間建筑為例,通過對分層空調(diào)氣流組織方式的節(jié)能率計算分析,發(fā)現(xiàn):當(dāng)相對分層高度θ0.5時,節(jié)能率在9.0%—10.2%,節(jié)能率小于10%;當(dāng)相對分層高度θ≤0.5時,節(jié)能率在12.6—18.9%,節(jié)能率大于10%,分層空調(diào)節(jié)能效果顯著。因此在分層空調(diào)設(shè)計中,應(yīng)盡可能將相對分層高度控制在0.5以下。然后,論文根據(jù)不同高大空間建筑的負(fù)荷構(gòu)成及分布特點,提出“負(fù)荷物理特征”的概念;針對不同功能高大空間建筑的實際負(fù)荷特征,將高大空間建筑分為三種類型并指出其典型“負(fù)荷物理特征”。通過對三種具有典型“負(fù)荷物理特征”高大空間建筑的不同氣流組織形式CFD數(shù)值模擬對比分析,得到了適宜于此三種高大空間建筑的氣流組織形式:(1)“負(fù)荷物理特征”為塊熱源的高大空間建筑(以“機(jī)械加工廠”為例)應(yīng)優(yōu)先選擇中送下回分層空調(diào)方式;(2)“負(fù)荷物理特征”為水平面熱源的高大空間建筑(以“報告廳”為例)適宜選擇上送下回全室空調(diào)方式;(3)“負(fù)荷物理特征”為垂直面熱源的高大空間建筑(以“中庭”為例)選擇中送下回分層空調(diào)方式,可以同時兼顧舒適性和節(jié)能性。最后,文章以實際工程中兩個典型“負(fù)荷物理特征”的高大空間建筑為研究對象,利用CFD數(shù)值模擬軟件對建筑內(nèi)空調(diào)氣流組織設(shè)計參數(shù)優(yōu)化進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步模擬分析。通過數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果對比分析,得到以下結(jié)論:上送下回全室空調(diào)方式的送風(fēng)口數(shù)量改變對工作區(qū)平均溫度的影響較小,但工作區(qū)平均速度的變化會隨送風(fēng)口個數(shù)的增加而明顯減小,并且送風(fēng)口個數(shù)的增加對工作區(qū)溫度場和速度場的均勻性都有很大的提升,所以在設(shè)計送風(fēng)速度滿足條件的前提下,應(yīng)保證有一定數(shù)量的送風(fēng)口數(shù)量;當(dāng)分層空調(diào)兩側(cè)送風(fēng)口上下交錯布置時,可以有效降低送風(fēng)射流之間的碰撞強(qiáng)度,從而減輕了送風(fēng)射流對上部非空調(diào)區(qū)氣體的擾動和送風(fēng)冷量的浪費,對提高分層空調(diào)的節(jié)能效果有很大的幫助。
[Abstract]:In the actual project, there are various forms of air and air flow organization scheme for large space buildings. Among them, there are many forms of air conditioning and air conditioning in the middle and side air supply. In practical engineering, the design method is complex for the two airflow patterns above, and it is not convenient for engineering application. The effect of air flow organization is not ideal and the energy consumption is high. For this reason, the research on design method and design optimization for the ventilation and air conditioning system of large space buildings in practical engineering has important practical application value. In view of the airflow organization engineering calculation method of all room air conditioning and stratified air conditioning, the calculation formula is simplified by the dimensionless processing of parameters. Using the simplified calculation method, the paper draws two kinds of air-condition air organization mode in winter and summer calculation chart, which provides the design reference for practical engineering application. At the same time, a certain height in Chongqing is given. As an example of space building, it is found that the energy saving rate is 9% to 10.2%, and the energy saving rate is less than 10% when the relative stratified height is theta 0.5. When the relative stratified height of theta is less than 0.5, the energy saving rate is 12.6 to 18.9%, the energy saving rate is greater than 10%, and the layered air conditioning has a remarkable energy saving effect. Therefore, the layered air conditioning is designed to save energy. The relative stratification height should be controlled below 0.5 as much as possible. Then, according to the load composition and distribution characteristics of different tall space buildings, the concept of "physical characteristics of load" is proposed. In view of the actual load characteristics of large space buildings with different functions, the tall space buildings are divided into three types and their typical "load objects" are pointed out. By comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation of three kinds of large space buildings with typical "load physical characteristics", the airflow organization forms suitable for the three tall space buildings are obtained: (1) the large space building with "physical characteristics of load" as a block of heat source (as an example of "mechanical processing plant") should be taken as an example. 2) the high space building with the "load physical characteristics" as the horizontal heat source ("the report hall") is suitable for choosing the air conditioning system for the upper and lower return. (3) the large space building with the physical characteristics of the load as the vertical heat source (with the "atrium" as an example) to choose and lower the stratified air conditioning At the same time, both comfort and energy saving can be taken into account. Finally, the paper takes two typical "load physical characteristics" in the actual project as the research object, and uses the CFD numerical simulation software to further simulate and analyze the design parameters optimization of air conditioning air flow in the building. The following conclusions are as follows: the change of the number of air outlet in the way of air conditioning in the upper and lower returns is less, but the change of the average speed of the working area decreases with the increase of the number of the air inlet, and the increase of the number of the air outlet has a great improvement on the uniformity of the temperature field and velocity field in the working area, so the design is designed. Under the condition of feeding air speed, a certain number of air outlet should be guaranteed. When the air outlet is arranged on both sides of the air conditioner, the impact strength between the air supply and the air flow can be reduced effectively, thus reducing the disturbance of the air flow and the waste of air cooling in the upper non air conditioning area, and improving the section of the stratified air conditioning. It helps a lot.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU834.31

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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