本文選題：古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu) + 榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)　； 參考：《西安建筑科技大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)是世界建筑體系中一獨(dú)立的系統(tǒng),自其產(chǎn)生、演變以至于發(fā)展成熟,已有近七千年的歷史。這類建筑的突出特點(diǎn)是以木構(gòu)架承重(墻體并不承載,只起到空間分隔與建筑保溫作用),構(gòu)件間采用榫卯連接。由于榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)具有優(yōu)良的耗能減震性能,遂使得中國木構(gòu)古建筑單體,較之其它體系的古建筑而言,具有更好的抗震特性。然而由于其所用材料木材的材性十分復(fù)雜以及節(jié)點(diǎn)的傳力機(jī)理不明確,故從材料特性、試驗研究以及數(shù)值模擬的角度探究其對整個古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的影響十分必要!本論文主要研究工作如下—以西安永寧門箭樓為原型,遵照清工部《工程做法則例》的規(guī)程,制作了3榀縮尺比為1：6的直榫節(jié)點(diǎn)木構(gòu)架模型,通過水平低周反復(fù)荷載試驗和直榫節(jié)點(diǎn)的受力機(jī)理分析,研究了木構(gòu)架的破壞特征和滯回性能,揭示了古建筑木結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞主要由于榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)的榫頭與卯口間相互擠壓產(chǎn)生累積塑性變形,最終榫頭拔出致其整個結(jié)構(gòu)功能喪失；基于榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)模型在水平荷載往復(fù)作用下擬靜力試驗的彎矩一轉(zhuǎn)角滯回曲線和骨架曲線,并根據(jù)試驗?zāi)Ｐ团c原結(jié)構(gòu)之間的相似關(guān)系,反推木構(gòu)架原型的抗彎承載力、剛度,探究其對整個結(jié)構(gòu)抗震性能的影響。鑒于已有文獻(xiàn)對木材強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則的評估存在不足,總結(jié)了目前常用的木材強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則,結(jié)合439個不同加載比例和不同木紋角度的云杉雙軸樣本試驗,從統(tǒng)計分析的角度,利用MATLAB數(shù)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行編程計算,對木材常用的11種強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則的偏軸和雙軸強(qiáng)度預(yù)測能力進(jìn)行了客觀評估分析。結(jié)果表明：綜合考慮強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則的適用性和實(shí)用性,主應(yīng)力相互作用系數(shù)F12=0的Tsai-Wu準(zhǔn)則預(yù)測能力最好。通過對木材物理力學(xué)性能和強(qiáng)度準(zhǔn)則的深入研究,考慮木材順紋方向和橫紋方向具有不同的強(qiáng)度,以及同一方向的拉、壓強(qiáng)度也不相同的特性,根據(jù)本文研究結(jié)果,采用Tsai-Wu準(zhǔn)則來描述木材在三維應(yīng)力空間的屈服特性；基于ABAQUS/Explicit有限元軟件平臺,利用Fortran語言對用戶材料子程序(VUMAT)接口進(jìn)行二次開發(fā),編制了木材正交各向理想異性彈塑性本構(gòu)子程序,為實(shí)現(xiàn)精細(xì)化的榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)木構(gòu)架三維實(shí)體模型分析提供理論依據(jù)。接入在ABAQUS/Explicit平臺進(jìn)行二次開發(fā)編寫木材正交各向理想異性彈塑性本構(gòu)子程序(VUMAT),建立考慮榫頭和卯口之間摩擦接觸特性的榫卯節(jié)點(diǎn)木構(gòu)架三維實(shí)體模型,研究其在擬靜力反復(fù)荷載作用下的力學(xué)特性,得到彎矩一轉(zhuǎn)角滯回曲線和骨架曲線,并結(jié)合本課題組的試驗研究結(jié)果對數(shù)值模型進(jìn)行驗證分析,證明數(shù)值模型的可行性。
[Abstract]:The wooden structure of ancient Chinese architecture is an independent system in the world architecture system. It has a history of nearly 7,000 years since its emergence, evolution and development. The outstanding feature of this kind of building is that it is supported by wood frame (the wall is not loaded, it only acts as space separation and building insulation, and the components are connected with each other with tenon and joint). Because of the excellent energy dissipation and seismic absorption performance of the tenon joint, the ancient wooden structure in China has better seismic characteristics than the ancient buildings with other systems. However, the timber properties of the materials used are very complex and the transmission mechanism of the joints is not clear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the impact of the material characteristics, experimental research and numerical simulation on the seismic performance of the whole ancient building wood structure. The main research work of this thesis is as follows: taking the Yongning Gate Arrow Building in Xi'an as the prototype, according to the rules of the Code of Engineering practice of the Ministry of Qing Dynasty, three straight tenon joint wood frame models with a scale ratio of 1:6 have been made. The failure characteristics and hysteretic behavior of wood frame are studied by horizontal low cycle repeated load test and mechanical analysis of straight tenon joints. It is revealed that the damage of the ancient building wood structure is mainly due to the cumulative plastic deformation caused by the joint of tenon and joint squeezing each other, and the function of the whole structure is lost as a result of the tenon pull-out. Based on the hysteretic curve of moment angle and skeleton curve of pseudostatic test under horizontal load, and according to the similar relationship between the test model and the original structure, the bending bearing capacity and stiffness of the prototype of push-wood frame are analyzed. The effect on the seismic performance of the whole structure is studied. In view of the deficiency of the evaluation of wood strength criterion in the existing literature, the commonly used wood strength criteria are summarized. Combined with 439 biaxial samples of spruce with different loading ratios and different wood grain angles, the paper analyzes the results from the point of view of statistical analysis. By using MATLAB mathematical software, the prediction ability of biaxial and biaxial strength of 11 commonly used wood strength criteria was evaluated and analyzed objectively. The results show that the Tsai-Wu criterion with the principal stress interaction coefficient F120 has the best prediction ability considering the applicability and practicability of the strength criterion. Through the in-depth study of the physical and mechanical properties and strength criteria of wood, considering the different strength of wood along the direction of grain and transverse direction, as well as the different characteristics of tensile strength and compression strength in the same direction, according to the results of this paper, Tsai-Wu criterion is used to describe the yield characteristics of wood in three-dimensional stress space, and based on Abaqus / explicit finite element software platform, Fortran language is used to develop the interface of user material subprogram VUMATT. An orthotropic ideal elastoplastic constitutive subprogram of wood is compiled, which provides a theoretical basis for the precise analysis of the three-dimensional solid model of wood frame with tenon and joint. Using the second development of Abaqus / explicit platform to compile the orthotropic ideal anisotropic elastoplastic constitutive subprogram VUMATT, a three-dimensional solid model of tenon and joint wood frame considering the frictional contact between tenon and joint is established. The mechanical properties of the model under quasi-static repeated load are studied, and the torque-angle hysteretic curve and skeleton curve are obtained. The numerical model is verified and analyzed with the experimental results of our research group, and the feasibility of the numerical model is proved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU366.2

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