本文選題：熱量表 + 超聲波�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：熱量表是在供熱系統(tǒng)中用于計(jì)量用戶所在熱交換系統(tǒng)中所消耗熱量,并通過(guò)液晶屏顯示用戶所消耗熱量、時(shí)間、進(jìn)出水溫度以及熱量表編號(hào)等信息的儀表。近年來(lái),隨著中國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的日益加快,由政府提倡的加快推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)供熱系統(tǒng)迅速地發(fā)展開(kāi)來(lái)。暖氣越來(lái)越普遍的得到應(yīng)用,但是在此過(guò)程中,也顯現(xiàn)出一些問(wèn)題,最嚴(yán)重的就是熱量浪費(fèi),這一現(xiàn)象極其不利于低碳環(huán)保這一全社會(huì)共同關(guān)注的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。所以,如何做到熱量節(jié)儉成為社會(huì)關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。傳統(tǒng)的按供暖面積進(jìn)行計(jì)費(fèi)的方式是導(dǎo)致熱量浪費(fèi)的主要原因,而真正能解決資源浪費(fèi)這一問(wèn)題的唯一方式就是熱量表到用戶,按熱量計(jì)費(fèi),實(shí)現(xiàn)一戶一表,這樣既能避免資源浪費(fèi),也能使用戶更加方便清楚的了解自家的暖氣使用情況。熱量表按照工作原理可以分為超聲波熱量表,電磁式熱量表和機(jī)械式熱量表,而電磁式熱量表及機(jī)械式熱量表的缺點(diǎn)太明顯,主要表現(xiàn)為機(jī)械磨損嚴(yán)重,功耗大,計(jì)量精度低等。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,超聲波熱量表解決了傳統(tǒng)的熱量表存在的問(wèn)題,真正做到超低功耗,精確度高,抗干擾能力強(qiáng),使用壽命長(zhǎng)。本課題設(shè)計(jì)的超聲波熱量表,是利用超聲波原理測(cè)得流體流速,進(jìn)而得到流體流量,配合以成對(duì)溫度傳感器測(cè)得的進(jìn)口溫度和出口溫度,最終通過(guò)積算儀來(lái)得到流經(jīng)熱交換系統(tǒng)所釋放的熱量,并配有按鍵功能以供用戶清楚的看到進(jìn)出口溫度,流量,熱量等數(shù)據(jù)信息。本文利用MSP430F417超低功耗單片機(jī)作為超聲波熱量表核心處理器,以皮秒級(jí)高精度TDC-GP21專(zhuān)用時(shí)間數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換芯片來(lái)測(cè)量流體流量以及進(jìn)出口溫度。并通過(guò)專(zhuān)用儀表總線M-BUS與外部進(jìn)行通信。經(jīng)過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)檢定,本課題設(shè)計(jì)的超聲波熱量表精度能達(dá)到國(guó)家要求,并且功耗低,成本得到有效控制。
[Abstract]:The heat meter is used to measure the heat consumption in the heat exchange system in the heating system, and display the information of the heat consumption, time, water temperature and heat meter number of the user through the LCD screen.In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization in China, the government advocated the rapid development of urban heating system.Heating is more and more widely used, but in the process, there are some problems, the most serious is heat waste, this phenomenon is extremely unfavorable to low-carbon environmental protection, which is a common concern of the whole society.Therefore, how to achieve heat thrift has become a social concern.The traditional way of charging according to the heating area is the main cause of heat waste, but the only way to solve the problem of waste of resources is to get the heat meter to the user, to charge according to the heat, and to realize one meter per household.This can not only avoid the waste of resources, but also make it easier for users to understand the use of their own heating.According to the working principle, the heat meter can be divided into ultrasonic heat meter, electromagnetic heat meter and mechanical heat meter, but the disadvantages of electromagnetic heat meter and mechanical heat meter are too obvious.The measurement accuracy is low.With the development of science and technology, ultrasonic calorimeter solves the problems of traditional calorimeter. It can really achieve ultra-low power consumption, high precision, strong anti-interference ability and long service life.The ultrasonic heat meter designed in this paper uses the ultrasonic principle to measure the flow velocity of the fluid, and then obtains the flow rate of the fluid, and matches the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature measured by the pair of temperature sensors.Finally, the heat released through the heat exchange system is obtained by the integrator, and the key function is provided for the user to clearly see the data information of the inlet and outlet temperature, flow rate, heat and so on.In this paper, MSP430F417 microcontroller is used as the core processor of ultrasonic calorimeter, and the flow rate and inlet and outlet temperature are measured by picosecond high precision TDC-GP21 special time digital conversion chip.And through the special instrument bus M-BUS to communicate with the external.After experimental verification, the precision of the ultrasonic heat meter designed in this paper can meet the national requirements, and the power consumption is low, and the cost is effectively controlled.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU833.1

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