本文選題：地鐵　切入點：豎向振動　出處：《東南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：地鐵作為一種現(xiàn)代化城市交通工具,近年來在我國得到了迅猛的發(fā)展,但地鐵對沿線建筑物產(chǎn)生的振動以及對環(huán)境的影響也日益突出。地震時地面運動是多分量的。目前研究一般都重視水平地震作用,忽視了豎向地震作用,但地震震害宏觀現(xiàn)象表明,豎向地震作用的影響也很明顯,其量值同樣值得重視。本文以減輕地鐵運行引發(fā)的沿線建筑物振動為出發(fā)點,同時滿足罕遇地震下結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能要求,提出了一種新型的三維多功能隔振支座,并對該裝置的適用性和可行性進行了理論研究、數(shù)值模擬研究、試驗檢驗研究及結(jié)構(gòu)響應(yīng)分析研究。論文主要研究工作和成果如下：(1)借鑒基礎(chǔ)隔振技術(shù)的研究成果,提出了由橡膠隔振支座、碟形彈簧組和粘彈性阻尼器三者復(fù)合而成的新型三維多功能隔振支座。三維多功能隔振支座具有三向適宜剛度和阻尼性能,其中碟形彈簧組與粘彈性阻尼器并聯(lián)形成豎向隔振裝置,能有效解決豎向大承載力和豎向阻尼的問題,橡膠隔振支座用于水平隔振。針對各組成部件分別研究各自性能與設(shè)計方法,提出新型三維多功能隔振支座的設(shè)計和計算方法。(2)運用ABAQUS有限元分析軟件,對隔離豎向振動的碟形彈簧復(fù)合支座進行了數(shù)值模擬研究。選用技術(shù)成熟、應(yīng)用廣泛的的鉛芯橡膠支座,以其承載力參數(shù)作為上部碟形彈簧復(fù)合支座的設(shè)計參考。通過隔振理論與地鐵誘發(fā)的環(huán)境振動和地震動特性分析,確定了碟形彈簧復(fù)合支座的性能參數(shù)。建立支座實體模型,對其豎向承載力、豎向剛度、等效阻尼等力學(xué)性能進行數(shù)值模擬分析。通過上述理論分析與數(shù)值模擬工具的有機結(jié)合,較好的把握了碟形彈簧復(fù)合支座的基本力學(xué)特性。(3)設(shè)計并加工制作了三維隔振支座豎向減振系統(tǒng)——碟形彈簧復(fù)合支座模型,通過對比試驗,對其豎向承載力、豎向剛度、阻尼性能進行了系統(tǒng)的試驗研究。研究結(jié)果表明,該裝置的豎向承載力可滿足設(shè)計要求,同時具有合適的豎向剛度和阻尼特性,剛度穩(wěn)定在15kN/mm～23kN/mm,等效阻尼比可達11%--26%,且試驗值與模擬值吻合較好。(4)通過數(shù)值模擬的方法,利用SAP2000結(jié)構(gòu)分析軟件,建立八層框架結(jié)構(gòu)模型,選取實測地鐵振動波及三維地震波,分別計算隔振前后建筑物的加速度反應(yīng),評價三維多功能隔振支座的隔振效果。分析結(jié)果表明,三維多功能隔振支座不僅能有效的降低地鐵運行引起的鄰近建筑物振動,同時在罕遇地震作用下,支座性能完好,并具有一定程度的減振效果。
[Abstract]:As a modern urban vehicle, subway has been developing rapidly in China in recent years. However, the vibration and environmental impact of subway on buildings along the line are increasingly prominent. The ground motion is multi-component during earthquakes. At present, the horizontal earthquake is generally emphasized, but the vertical earthquake is neglected. However, the macroscopic phenomenon of earthquake damage shows that the effect of vertical earthquake is also obvious, and its magnitude is also worthy of attention. This paper takes reducing the vibration of buildings along the line caused by subway operation as the starting point. At the same time, to meet the seismic performance requirements of the structure under rare earthquake, a new type of three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support is proposed, and the applicability and feasibility of the device are studied theoretically and numerically. The main work and results of this paper are as follows: 1) drawing on the research results of the basic vibration isolation technology, the rubber vibration isolation bearing is proposed. A new type of three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation bearing, which is composed of disc spring group and viscoelastic damper, is developed. The three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support has the suitable stiffness and damping performance in three directions. The vertical vibration isolation device is formed by parallel connection of disc spring group and viscoelastic damper, which can effectively solve the problem of large vertical bearing capacity and vertical damping. The rubber vibration isolation support is used for horizontal vibration isolation. According to the research on the performance and design method of each component, a new design and calculation method of three dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation bearing is put forward. The ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used. The numerical simulation of the disc spring composite bearing for isolating vertical vibration was carried out. The lead rubber bearing with mature technology and wide application was selected. The bearing capacity parameters are used as the reference for the design of the upper disc spring composite bearing. Through the vibration isolation theory and the analysis of the environmental vibration and ground motion characteristics induced by the subway, the performance parameters of the disc spring composite bearing are determined, and the solid model of the support is established. The mechanical properties such as vertical bearing capacity, vertical stiffness and equivalent damping are numerically simulated and analyzed. In this paper, the basic mechanical properties of the disc spring composite bearing are well grasped. The vertical vibration absorption system of the three dimensional vibration isolation support is designed and manufactured. The vertical bearing capacity and the vertical stiffness of the disc spring composite bearing system are compared with each other. The experimental results show that the vertical bearing capacity of the device can meet the design requirements, and it also has suitable vertical stiffness and damping characteristics. The stiffness is stable at 15kN / mm / mm / 23kN / mm, the equivalent damping ratio can reach 11-26, and the experimental value is in good agreement with the simulated value.) by using the method of numerical simulation, using SAP2000 structure analysis software, the eight-story frame structure model is established, and the measured subway vibration and three-dimensional seismic wave are selected. The acceleration response of buildings before and after vibration isolation is calculated, and the vibration isolation effect of three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support is evaluated. The analysis results show that the three-dimensional multifunctional vibration isolation support can not only effectively reduce the vibration of adjacent buildings caused by subway operation. At the same time, under the action of rare earthquake, the performance of the bearing is intact, and it has a certain degree of damping effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU352.12

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