本文選題：重載列車　切入點(diǎn)：振動(dòng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)　出處：《武漢理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：重載列車已經(jīng)成為全世界貨運(yùn)發(fā)展的主力方向,我國(guó)的重載鐵路線也在不斷增多,城市地鐵蓬勃發(fā)展,這些軌道交通所產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)對(duì)沿線的建筑物產(chǎn)生的影響越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。重載列車相比其他形式的軌道交通產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)更強(qiáng)烈,更應(yīng)該受到重視。而我國(guó)當(dāng)前對(duì)于重載列車振動(dòng)的研究尚處于初步階段,相關(guān)的振動(dòng)檢測(cè)及對(duì)沿線建筑物的振動(dòng)影響研究還很少,在此情況下本文所做的工作如下:(1)對(duì)比分析各國(guó)關(guān)于列車振動(dòng)對(duì)環(huán)境影響的相關(guān)規(guī)范,從兩方面比較:一是列車振動(dòng)對(duì)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的影響;另一方面是對(duì)建筑物內(nèi)人體舒適性評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的比較。(2)根據(jù)朔黃重載鐵路其中一段線路的實(shí)測(cè)振動(dòng)波為依據(jù),分別在時(shí)域和頻域內(nèi)對(duì)其分析,為振動(dòng)評(píng)估提供參考,同時(shí)對(duì)周邊建筑物的減振隔振提供依據(jù),并在后續(xù)的振動(dòng)分析中以實(shí)測(cè)振動(dòng)波作為輸入激勵(lì)。(3)采用通用有限元分析軟件SAP2000建立6層框架結(jié)構(gòu)及2層砌體結(jié)構(gòu)模型,分析在重載列車實(shí)測(cè)波作用下的振動(dòng)反應(yīng);改變板厚、跨度等參數(shù),分析結(jié)構(gòu)本身特性的改變對(duì)振動(dòng)反應(yīng)的影響;在分析的基礎(chǔ)上,依據(jù)相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),評(píng)價(jià)建筑結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)人體的舒適度和結(jié)構(gòu)的安全性。(4)采用碟形彈簧豎向隔振支座,選擇合適的剛度、阻尼等參數(shù),對(duì)比不隔振模型和隔振模型的振動(dòng)響應(yīng),并分析其隔振效果。經(jīng)過(guò)理論分析及對(duì)模型的振動(dòng)計(jì)算,獲得了如下的主要結(jié)論:(1)重載列車產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)波相比于高速列車及地鐵要強(qiáng)烈得多,水平向的振動(dòng)要大于豎向的振動(dòng),且各向振動(dòng)的卓越頻率在40-50Hz之間;振動(dòng)的衰減表現(xiàn)為高頻衰減較快,低頻衰減較慢。(2)振動(dòng)波傳播到建筑物上后,結(jié)構(gòu)振動(dòng)以豎向振動(dòng)為主,但水平向振動(dòng)不可忽視。中低層結(jié)構(gòu)豎向振動(dòng)表現(xiàn)隨樓層的增加振動(dòng)越強(qiáng)烈,頂層豎向振動(dòng)最大;而水平向振動(dòng)則存在拐點(diǎn),振動(dòng)最大處可能為中間的某一樓層。(3)碟形彈簧豎向隔振支座對(duì)于豎向隔振的效果非常明顯,選擇合適的碟簧組合可以調(diào)整所要求的豎向剛度,隔振傳遞率能達(dá)到0.1左右,豎向隔振效果非常明顯,對(duì)低層砌體也能減小水平向振動(dòng),使其加速度振級(jí)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
[Abstract]:Heavy haul trains have become the main direction of freight transport development all over the world. The number of heavy haul railway lines in our country is also increasing, and the urban subway is booming. The vibration produced by these rail transit is more and more serious to the buildings along the route. The vibration of heavy-haul trains is more intense than that of other forms of rail transit. However, the research on the vibration of heavy-haul trains in our country is still in the initial stage, and there are few studies on the vibration detection and vibration effects on buildings along the route. In this case, the work done in this paper is as follows: (1) comparing and analyzing the relevant norms of train vibration on environmental impact in various countries, and comparing them from two aspects: first, the influence of train vibration on building structure; On the other hand, the comparison of the criteria for evaluating the comfort of human bodies in buildings. 2) according to the measured vibration waves of one section of the heavy haul railway line in Shuohuang, it is analyzed in the time domain and in the frequency domain respectively, which provides a reference for the vibration assessment. At the same time, it provides the basis for vibration reduction and isolation of surrounding buildings. In the subsequent vibration analysis, the measured vibration wave is taken as the input excitation. The general finite element analysis software SAP2000 is used to establish a 6-story frame structure and a two-story masonry structure model. The vibration response of heavy haul train under the action of measured wave is analyzed, and the influence of the change of structure characteristics on vibration response is analyzed by changing the parameters of plate thickness and span. In order to evaluate the comfort of human body and the safety of the structure in building structure, the vertical vibration isolation bearing with disc spring is adopted, and the appropriate stiffness and damping parameters are selected to compare the vibration response of the non-isolation model and the vibration isolation model. Through theoretical analysis and vibration calculation of the model, the following main conclusions are obtained: 1) the vibration waves produced by heavy haul train are much stronger than those of high-speed train and subway, and the horizontal vibration is larger than the vertical vibration. The excellent frequency of vibration in each direction is between 40 and 50 Hz, the attenuation of vibration is that the attenuation of high frequency is faster, the attenuation of low frequency is slower. The vibration wave propagates to the building, and the vibration of the structure is mainly vertical vibration. But the horizontal vibration can not be ignored. The stronger the vertical vibration is with the increase of the floor, the maximum vertical vibration in the top layer, while the inflection point exists in the horizontal vibration. The maximum vibration may be one floor in the middle. 3) the vertical vibration isolation support of the disc spring is very effective for vertical vibration isolation. The required vertical stiffness can be adjusted by selecting the appropriate disc spring combination, and the isolation transfer rate can reach about 0.1. The vertical vibration isolation effect is very obvious, and the horizontal vibration can also be reduced for the low story masonry, which makes the acceleration vibration level conform to the national standard.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U270.1;TU311.3

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