本文選題：尼泊爾地震　切入點：震害調(diào)查　出處：《工程力學》2016年09期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：尼泊爾8.1級地震發(fā)生2個月后,該文作者隨隊開展了為期半個月的尼泊爾地震震害調(diào)查。該文報道了尼泊爾8.1級地震中3個調(diào)查點的鋼筋混凝土(RC)框架結構震害特點。調(diào)查表明,除少數(shù)醫(yī)院、政府辦公樓、學校建筑為正規(guī)抗震設計建造外,大部分RC框架結構為自建民居、商鋪。被調(diào)查RC框架結構的梁、板、柱均采用現(xiàn)澆混凝土,填充墻均采用粘土磚砌筑。震害主要表現(xiàn)為底層或臨街樓層(街道高于底層時)框架柱壓彎破壞,填充墻倒塌,柱頂水平施工縫處破壞,部分緊鄰填充墻的柱頂部剪切破壞,屋頂女兒墻震損掉落,少數(shù)結構發(fā)生整體垮塌。該文作者對某一典型區(qū)域的框架結構進行了詳查,得到6個震損結構的尺寸、材料強度和破壞模式,分析表明,具有較小柱軸壓比,較大剛重比的結構具有較好的抗倒塌能力。最后,針對尼泊爾RC框架的震害特點,對比我國相關規(guī)范規(guī)程和以往震害經(jīng)驗,探討了防止填充墻相鄰柱端剪切破壞的措施、防止施工縫對柱的削弱、非結構構件抗震構造措施的必要性,以及震后建筑安全性鑒定的注意事項。
[Abstract]:Two months after Nepal's 8.1 magnitude earthquake, The authors carried out a half month earthquake disaster investigation in Nepal with the team. The earthquake damage characteristics of reinforced concrete (RCC) frame structures at 3 survey sites in Nepal M = 8.1 earthquake were reported. The investigation shows that, except for a few hospitals, government offices, In addition to the formal seismic design and construction of the school buildings, most RC frame structures are self-built houses and shops. The beams, slabs and columns of the RC frame structures investigated are made of cast-in-place concrete. All the fill walls are built with clay brick. The earthquake damage is mainly manifested by the compression and bending failure of the frame columns on the ground floor or on the street floor (when the street is higher than the bottom floor), the collapse of the filling wall, the destruction of the joints at the horizontal construction of the column top, and the shear failure of the top of the column adjacent to the filling wall. The roof parapet fell and a few structures collapsed. In this paper, the size, material strength and failure mode of 6 damaged structures are obtained by detailed investigation of the frame structure in a typical area. The structures with smaller axial compression ratio and larger rigid-weight ratio have better anti-collapse capability. Finally, in view of the earthquake damage characteristics of the RC frame in Nepal, the relevant codes and previous earthquake damage experiences are compared. The measures to prevent shear failure at the end of adjacent columns of infilled walls, the weakening of construction joints to columns, the necessity of seismic construction measures of non-structural members, and the points for attention in safety assessment of buildings after earthquake are discussed.
【作者單位】： 中國地震局工程力學研究所中國地震局地震工程與工程振動重點實驗室;
【基金】：地震行業(yè)科研專項經(jīng)費項目(201308003) 國家科技支撐計劃課題項目(2015BAK17B06) 國家自然科學基金青年基金項目(51108433) 黑龍江省科學基金面上項目(E2015067)
【分類號】：TU375.4;TU312.3

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