本文關(guān)鍵詞： 被動式太陽房 相變集熱墻體 溫度應(yīng)力 有限元模擬　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：建筑能耗高、能源利用率低是我國建筑業(yè)的弊病。開發(fā)利用新能源可有效彌補這一缺陷。作為清潔能源的太陽能是取之不盡，用之不竭的。相變材料是一種可以有效存儲太陽能的介質(zhì)。在墻體中置入相變儲能材料，既能有效地改善墻板的保溫性能，同時還可以維護建筑室內(nèi)溫度的穩(wěn)定。 通過對混合石蠟的熱物性參數(shù)測試，得到復(fù)合相變石蠟的最佳配合比。采用熱熔法制備高聚乙烯（HDPE）與石蠟混合物，得到定型復(fù)合相變石蠟。對復(fù)合相變石蠟砌塊墻的傳熱性能進行研究，繪制了復(fù)合相變墻體的溫度變化曲線和復(fù)合相變墻體不同位置溫度的傳播速率曲線。研究結(jié)果表明：體內(nèi)置入的石蠟含量越多，其溫度波動越小，溫度走勢也就越平緩，熱流延遲時間越久。 通過使用太陽輻射采集系統(tǒng)采集的數(shù)據(jù)，整理得到長春地區(qū)2013年各月太陽能輻射量和各時間段太陽輻射強度，總結(jié)出長春地區(qū)太陽能輻射強度分布規(guī)律：太陽輻射值從1月開始逐月遞增，至6月份達到最大輻射值，然后逐月遞減；太陽輻射的季節(jié)性差異表現(xiàn)較為明顯，其中夏季最高，冬季最低。為后文研究太陽輻射與室內(nèi)溫度、墻體溫度應(yīng)力的關(guān)系奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 對被動式太陽能建筑與相變集熱墻體聯(lián)合應(yīng)用的設(shè)計研究。研究了相變墻體的蓄熱和保溫性能，對使用了復(fù)合相變石蠟的被動式太陽能建筑的室內(nèi)溫度變化進行研究和分析：相變太陽房室內(nèi)的最大溫差為5℃，普通太陽房室內(nèi)的最大溫差為15℃，相變太陽房室內(nèi)溫度波動幅度被明顯減弱了，而且溫度也出現(xiàn)了延遲。對相變通風(fēng)墻體在太陽輻射作用下的熱流循環(huán)情況進行了分析：結(jié)合了相變通風(fēng)蓄熱墻的太陽房能很好的運作，分別在夏季和冬季完成了熱流循環(huán)的過程，并使室內(nèi)溫度維持在適宜的溫度范圍內(nèi)。 對實測的墻體應(yīng)力進行了分析，利用有限元軟件對受熱墻體進行溫度場和溫度應(yīng)力的數(shù)值模擬，分析了受熱墻體的溫度應(yīng)力及變形特點。研究表明：墻體外表面的中心位置是溫度荷載的最不利位置，在50℃時達到其最大內(nèi)力值，最大拉應(yīng)力為0.172Mpa，沒有超過抹灰砂漿的抗裂強度，墻體不會出現(xiàn)熱致裂縫。
[Abstract]:High building energy consumption and low energy efficiency are the drawbacks of Chinese construction industry. The development and utilization of new energy sources can effectively remedy this defect. As a clean energy, solar energy is inexhaustible. The phase change material is a kind of medium which can store solar energy effectively. Placing phase change energy storage material in the wall can not only effectively improve the thermal insulation performance of the wall panel, but also maintain the stability of the building indoor temperature. By testing the thermal properties of the mixed paraffin, the optimum mixture ratio of the composite phase change paraffin was obtained. The mixture of high polyethylene (HDPE) and paraffin was prepared by the hot melt method. The heat transfer performance of composite phase change paraffin block wall was studied. The temperature variation curve of composite phase change wall and the propagating rate curve of different position temperature of composite phase change wall are plotted. The results show that the more paraffin is placed in the body, the smaller the temperature fluctuation is, and the more gentle the temperature trend is. The longer the heat flow is delayed. By using the data collected by the solar radiation acquisition system, the solar radiation amount and the solar radiation intensity of each month in 2013 in Changchun area have been sorted out. The distribution law of solar radiation intensity in Changchun area is summarized: the solar radiation value increases monthly from January to June, then decreases month by month, the seasonal difference of solar radiation is obvious, among which the highest is in summer. The winter is the lowest, which lays a foundation for the study of the relationship between solar radiation and indoor temperature and wall temperature stress. The combined application of passive solar building and phase change heat collecting wall is studied. The heat storage and heat preservation performance of phase change wall is studied. The indoor temperature variation of a passive solar building with complex phase change paraffin is studied and analyzed. The maximum temperature difference in the phase change solar room is 5 鈩，

本文編號：1549506