發(fā)布時間：2018-01-08 01:10

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：近斷層框架結(jié)構(gòu)群地震響應(yīng)分析　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 地震響應(yīng) 框架結(jié)構(gòu)群 粘彈性地球介質(zhì) 近斷層 被研究塊體

【摘要】：北嶺地震(1994)、阪神地震(1995)、集集地震(1999)和汶川地震(2008)表明,近斷層地震對其周圍的城市會造成嚴(yán)重的震害。近斷層城市結(jié)構(gòu)群的地震響應(yīng)是造成近斷層城市嚴(yán)重震害的重要原因之一,因此,研究近斷層城市結(jié)構(gòu)群的地震響應(yīng)有其現(xiàn)實意義。實際的近斷層城市結(jié)構(gòu)群地震響應(yīng)是由于地震震源產(chǎn)生的地震波在地球介質(zhì)和建筑結(jié)構(gòu)群中傳播的結(jié)果,而波動數(shù)值方法可以再現(xiàn)這種地震過程中的近斷層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)群響應(yīng),進而能夠透徹地解釋城市建筑震害現(xiàn)象,因此,進一步深入開展能夠?qū)⒔Y(jié)構(gòu)群、地球介質(zhì)和發(fā)震斷層同時考慮到同一個計算模型中的近斷層結(jié)構(gòu)群地震響應(yīng)的波動數(shù)值方法研究是一項有意義的工作。本論文主要從以下幾方面開展研究工作： (1)簡單回顧了震源的點源模型和有限斷層模型以及粘彈性地球介質(zhì)模型。重點回顧了地震波傳播模擬的解析方法和數(shù)值方法以及近斷層建筑結(jié)構(gòu)群地震響應(yīng)的研究現(xiàn)狀。最后給出了本文研究目的和主要研究內(nèi)容。 (2)詳細(xì)介紹了用于實現(xiàn)斷層破裂過程的有限斷層震源模型和用于實現(xiàn)地球介質(zhì)對地震波衰減的廣義Zener體(GZB)模型。給出了平面應(yīng)變問題的矩張量源,整理了涉及有限斷層震源參數(shù)的經(jīng)驗公式。首次推導(dǎo)并給出了兩機制微分型GZB模型的粘彈性參數(shù)與積分型松馳時間的關(guān)系。通過退化的方式給出了平面應(yīng)變問題的兩機制微分型、L機制記憶變量型和L機制歷史變量型GZB模型。本章整理和給出的內(nèi)容將用于本文以下的研究。 (3)基于兩機制微分型、L機制記憶變量型和L機制歷史變量型GZB粘彈性模型,分別提出了三種用于模擬地球介質(zhì)中粘彈性波傳播的被研究塊體方法。針對本章提出的每一種方法,都采用以下三個算例驗證其正確性和有效性。首先,模擬了無限域粘彈性介質(zhì)中的波動傳播,并與解析解對比。其次,模擬了斷層破裂引起的近場地面運動,并與離散波數(shù)法計算結(jié)果對比。最后,模擬了單力引起的不規(guī)則起伏自由表面上的地表響應(yīng),并與有限元計算結(jié)果對比。對比結(jié)果驗證了本章提出的三種粘彈性波傳播的被研究塊體方法在計算粘彈性波傳播、模擬斷層破裂引起的近斷層地面運動和處理不規(guī)則地表起伏的波動問題方面的正確性和有效性。對比結(jié)果同時表明,本章提出的方法具有良好的數(shù)值計算精度。 (4)應(yīng)用第3章提出的基于兩機制微分型GZB模型和有限斷層震源模型的粘彈性地震波傳播的被研究塊體方法研究了映秀-北川斷層破裂引起的北川近斷層地面運動,數(shù)值模擬中考慮了汶川地震的斷層破裂過程、地球介質(zhì)的粘彈性衰減、地球介質(zhì)的非均勻性以及實際的地表起伏。研究結(jié)果表明,上盤的地震動明顯強于下盤的地震動,上下盤效應(yīng)明顯：上盤和下盤不同空間點處的PGA值隨空間變化出現(xiàn)明顯的“波動”現(xiàn)象；北川下方地球介質(zhì)的粘彈性和北川周邊地表起伏對北川縣城地面運動有很大影響；模擬的北川縣城地面運動PGA空間分布規(guī)律和頻率特性都與北川縣城實際震害具有一致性。本文方法提供了一種可以有效模擬近斷層地震地面運動的實用工具。 (5)提出了一種同時考慮框架結(jié)構(gòu)群、粘彈性地球介質(zhì)和發(fā)震斷層的一體化模型�；谝惑w化模型,提出一種實現(xiàn)斷層破裂產(chǎn)生的地震波在粘彈性地球介質(zhì)和框架結(jié)構(gòu)群中傳播的集成模擬方法。與第4章采用的兩機制微分型GZB模型不同,本集成模擬方法中,地球介質(zhì)中粘彈性波傳播的方法采用的是L機制記憶變量型GZB粘彈性模型。為了實現(xiàn)框架結(jié)構(gòu)中彎曲波的傳播,建立了框架結(jié)構(gòu)中的被研究塊體的控制方程并給出了框架結(jié)構(gòu)中彎曲波傳播方法的時域遞推過程；為了實現(xiàn)地球介質(zhì)中的體波與框架結(jié)構(gòu)中的彎曲波的雙向傳播,建立了一種新的連接土體與結(jié)構(gòu)的被研究塊體的控制方程并給出土體與結(jié)構(gòu)連接處波動雙向傳播的時域遞推過程。通過算例,驗證了本文提出的框架結(jié)構(gòu)中彎曲波傳播方法的有效性。利用本文提出的集成模擬方法研究了Mw6.0級逆斷層型假想地震期間近斷層框架結(jié)構(gòu)群的地震響應(yīng)。研究結(jié)果表明,對于同一結(jié)構(gòu)群中的不同結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)不同結(jié)構(gòu)所處位置的PGA值差別不大時,結(jié)構(gòu)與場地之間的共振會造成共振結(jié)構(gòu)的地震響應(yīng)明顯比未共振結(jié)構(gòu)的地震響應(yīng)大。近斷層的地球表面和框架結(jié)構(gòu)群存在最終的非零位移。模擬結(jié)果的結(jié)構(gòu)變形圖可清晰反映出彎曲波在框架結(jié)構(gòu)群各梁柱構(gòu)件中傳播的過程。當(dāng)迎著斷層走向看時,處于震中和破裂前方之間的結(jié)構(gòu)群整體沿逆時針方向運動。本集成模擬方法為計算斷層破裂引起的近斷層結(jié)構(gòu)群中結(jié)構(gòu)的位移和構(gòu)件內(nèi)力提供了一種有效工具。 (6)基于一體化模型提出一種實現(xiàn)斷層破裂產(chǎn)生的地震波在粘彈性地球介質(zhì)和框架結(jié)構(gòu)群中傳播的集成模擬方法。不同于第4章所采用的兩機制微分型GZB模型和第5章所采用的L機制記憶變量型GZB模型,本章采用L機制歷史變量型GZB粘彈性模型實現(xiàn)地球介質(zhì)對地震波的衰減。計算框架結(jié)構(gòu)中的彎曲波傳播以及實現(xiàn)地球介質(zhì)中的體波與框架結(jié)構(gòu)中的彎曲波的雙向傳播的方法與第5章相同。利用本章提出的集成模擬方法模擬了一個Mw6.2級逆斷層型假想地震期間山區(qū)城市近斷層框架結(jié)構(gòu)群的地震響應(yīng)。模擬結(jié)果表明,發(fā)震斷層的傾角對處于山區(qū)城市中不同位置的結(jié)構(gòu)群中十二層結(jié)構(gòu)的地震響應(yīng)影響顯著。當(dāng)迎著斷層走向看時,處于震中和破裂前方之間的結(jié)構(gòu)群整體沿逆時針方向運動。四組框架結(jié)構(gòu)群中,出現(xiàn)最大梁端彎矩峰值的三層結(jié)構(gòu)的位置位于小山山頂,出現(xiàn)最大梁端彎矩峰值的十二層結(jié)構(gòu)的位置位于山體山腰。本章所提出方法能夠用于建筑場地的選址并能給出近斷層地震引起的框架結(jié)構(gòu)群中各結(jié)構(gòu)的危險位置。 (7)總結(jié)全文,并展望進一步的研究內(nèi)容和工作。
[Abstract]:The Northridge earthquake (1994), Hanshin Earthquake (1995), Chi Chi earthquake (1999) and Wenchuan earthquake (2008) show that the city of the near fault earthquake will cause serious damage to the surrounding city. Near fault structure group seismic response is caused by near fault city one of the important reasons for the serious damage, therefore, study near fault seismic response of the structure of the city group has its practical significance. Near fault earthquake response of the actual structure of the city group is due to earthquake generated seismic wave propagation in the earth medium and the structure of group results, and the numerical method can present this fluctuation in the process of earthquake near fault structure group response, and be thorough explain the city building damage phenomenon, therefore, further to the structure group, earth medium and seismogenic fault considering the same calculation model in near fault earthquake response of structure group number fluctuation Value method is a meaningful work. This paper mainly carry out the research work from the following aspects:
(1) a brief review of the point source model and finite fault source model and viscoelastic earth medium model. Focus on reviewing the research status of analytical method and numerical method of seismic wave propagation simulation and near fault seismic response of building structure group. Finally, the research purpose and main contents of the research are given.
(2) introduces the finite fault source model for fault rupture process and for the implementation of the generalized Zener earth medium attenuation of seismic waves (GZB) model. The moment tensor source plane strain problem was given, finishing the empirical formula involving finite fault source parameters are given for the first time. The relationship between the viscoelastic the parameters and integral differential mechanism two relaxation time GZB model. Through the degradation of the given differential mechanism two plane strain problem, L mechanism and L mechanism of historical memory variable type variable type GZB model. This chapter gives the arrangement and will be used for the following research.
(3) two differential mechanism based on L type, L type and mechanism of memory mechanism history variable type GZB viscoelastic model, are proposed for three is used to simulate the viscoelastic wave propagation in the earth medium is on the block method. For each method proposed in this chapter, the following three examples the correctness and effectiveness. Firstly, the simulation of wave propagation in infinite viscoelastic medium, and comparison with analytic solutions. Secondly, simulate the fault rupture caused by near field ground motion, and comparing with the results calculated by the discrete wavenumber method. Finally, the irregular surface on the free surface fluctuation response simulation of single force the cause, and compared with the results of finite element calculation. The comparison results show that the proposed three kinds of viscoelastic wave propagation are studied to block method in the calculation of viscoelastic wave propagation simulation, fault rupture and near fault ground motion caused by irregular treatment The correctness and effectiveness of the wave of ups and downs. Problems contrast results also show that the proposed method has good numerical accuracy.
(4) two type differential mechanism based on GZB model and finite fault source model proposed the application of the third chapter of the visco elastic seismic wave propagation is of block method of Yingxiu Beichuan fault rupture caused by Beichuan near fault ground motion, numerical simulation considering the fault rupture process of the Wenchuan earthquake, viscoelastic earth the earth medium attenuation, the inhomogeneity and the actual surface. The results show that the upper ground was stronger than the footwall of ground motion, footwall effect is obvious: the hanging wall and footwall different point PGA values change with space appear the "wave" phenomenon; Beichuan below the earth medium viscosity elastic surface and surrounding areas of Beichuan have great influence on the ground motion simulation of Beichuan County; Beichuan county ground motion PGA spatial distribution and frequency characteristics are Beichuan county with the actual earthquake damage Consistency. This method provides a practical tool can effectively simulate the near fault earthquake ground motions.
(5) proposed a frame structure considering group, viscoelastic earth medium and seismogenic fault integration model. Based on the integration model, presents a realization of the fault rupture propagation of seismic wave in viscoelastic medium and the earth frame structure in integrated simulation method. Two differential mechanism used in GZB model and fourth in this chapter, the integrated simulation method, using the method of viscoelastic wave propagation in the earth medium is the L memory mechanism of variable type GZB viscoelastic model. In order to realize the bending wave propagation in frame structure, established in the framework of the governing equations are the research block and presented the time domain method for bending wave propagation in the framework of the recursive process; in order to realize the two-way transmission of flexural wave wave and frame structure of the earth medium, to establish a new connection between soil and structures are studied to block control equation The time domain and gives the structure and the soil at the junction of fluctuations in two-way transmission recursive process. Through an example, verify the effectiveness of the wave propagation method for bending frame structure in this paper. The Mw6.0 level response reverse fault type earthquake scenarios during fault earthquake swarm structure using integrated simulation method proposed in this paper. The results show that for the different structure of the same structure in different structure, when the location of the PGA value is not very different, the resonance between the structure and the site will cause the response significantly resonance structure seismic response to large earthquakes. The resonance structure near the fault of the earth's surface and the frame structure group had the ultimate non zero the process can clearly reflect the displacement. The flexural wave propagation in the frame structure of beam column members in each group. The simulation results of the deformation of the structure when facing the fault to see, in between the epicenter and the rupture front The structure of the whole group along the counter clockwise movement. The integrated simulation method for calculation of fault rupture caused by near fault structure group in the structure displacement and internal force provides an effective tool.
(6) put forward a model to realize the integration of the fault rupture propagation of seismic wave in viscoelastic medium earth and frame structure in integrated simulation method based on L. The mechanism of memory variable type GZB model adopted by the two mechanisms of the differential GZB model and the fifth chapter which is different from the fourth chapter, this chapter uses L the mechanism of the history variable type GZB viscoelastic model to achieve attenuation of seismic waves in the earth medium. The calculation of bending wave propagation in frame structure and the realization method with fifth two-way transmission of flexural wave and body wave structure in the earth medium in the same chapter. Simulated by using the integrated simulation method is proposed in this chapter a class Mw6.2 reverse fault type earthquake scenarios during the mountain city near fault group frame structure seismic response. Simulation results show that the seismogenic fault angle in the twelve layer structure in different positions in the mountain city of group structure The seismic response was significant. When facing the fault to see, in between the epicenter and broken in front of the whole structure along the counter clockwise movement. The four group structure group, three layer structure of the position of the maximum bending moment of beam end is located in the peak hill peak, twelve layer structure of the position of the maximum bending moment of beam end at the peak the mountain hillside. In this chapter the proposed method can be used for the construction site location and dangerous position of the given structure caused by near fault seismic frame structure in the group.
(7) summary of this paper, and the prospect of further research work.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU375.4;TU311.3

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 徐慧;劉新榮;胡元鑫;;基于譜元法與Microwulf系統(tǒng)的汶川地震波場模擬[J];地下空間與工程學(xué)報;2012年02期

2 石玉成,陳厚群,李敏,盧育霞;隨機有限斷層法合成地震動的研究與應(yīng)用[J];地震工程與工程振動;2005年04期

3 張曉志;謝禮立;王海云;胡進軍;;近斷層強地面運動影響場顯式有限元數(shù)值模擬的示意性算例[J];地震工程與工程振動;2005年06期

4 劉啟方;袁一凡;金星;丁海平;;近斷層地震動的基本特征[J];地震工程與工程振動;2006年01期

5 郭迅;;汶川大地震震害特點與成因分析[J];地震工程與工程振動;2009年06期

6 朱多林;白超英;;基于波動方程理論的地震波場數(shù)值模擬方法綜述[J];地球物理學(xué)進展;2011年05期

7 趙志新,徐紀(jì)人,堀內(nèi)茂木;錯格實數(shù)傅里葉變換微分算子及其在非均勻介質(zhì)波動傳播研究中的應(yīng)用[J];地球物理學(xué)報;2003年02期

8 嚴(yán)珍珍;張懷;楊長春;石耀霖;;地震激發(fā)地球自由振蕩過程的數(shù)值模擬初步探索[J];地球科學(xué)進展;2008年10期

9 張冬麗;陶夏新;周正華;;近場強地震動數(shù)值模擬的簡化計算方法[J];地震地質(zhì);2006年04期

10 劉啟方,袁一凡,金星;斷層附近地面地震動空間分布[J];地震學(xué)報;2004年02期

，

本文編號：1394996