【摘要】：農(nóng)村金融對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展具有重要作用,它在資本配置中處于核心地位,也是“三農(nóng)問題”的聚焦點。自從改革開放至今,國內(nèi)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會經(jīng)濟局勢產(chǎn)生了徹底性的改變,與此同時農(nóng)村金融也在曲折中不斷前行。盡管時代在變化,經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的熱點也在不斷更新,然而我國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展還是以農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)民以及農(nóng)村的問題為基本方向。眾所周知我國是農(nóng)業(yè)大國,在農(nóng)村金融體系一直是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的薄弱環(huán)節(jié),一方面農(nóng)民的金融意識較為薄弱,另一方面金融機構(gòu)由于追求利潤最大化而缺乏開展農(nóng)村金融的動力,再加上農(nóng)村金融政策貫徹不到位,這些都導致了農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展進程緩慢和不均衡,相當一部分農(nóng)村低收入群體不能享受到正規(guī)的農(nóng)村金融服務。對農(nóng)村金融體系進行改革和創(chuàng)新,建設科學的均衡發(fā)展的農(nóng)村金融體系,是我國政府和學術界都十分關注的熱點�！捌栈萁鹑凇币辉~第一次出現(xiàn)是聯(lián)合國在2005小額信貸年提出的,其根本原則是以遵循平等與發(fā)展為主,建議創(chuàng)造存在農(nóng)村低收入群體的農(nóng)村普惠金融系統(tǒng),并保證其可持續(xù)發(fā)展,從而保證此部分人可以享有經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展帶來的紅利。2016年中央一號文件也再次提出要推動金融資源更多的惠及農(nóng)村,并建立廣泛的、可持續(xù)的農(nóng)村普惠金融體系。因此,建設農(nóng)村金融體系并且對農(nóng)村金融服務進行改善是在最新發(fā)展的潮流下對農(nóng)村普惠金融進行促進的前提。本文首先對國內(nèi)外研究者關于普惠金融體系的理論和實踐成果進行了總結(jié),接下來從需求、供給、金融發(fā)展環(huán)境和政府作用四方面對我國農(nóng)村普惠金融體系的現(xiàn)狀進行描述分析,在此基礎上,針對國內(nèi)的農(nóng)村普惠金融系統(tǒng)可能存在的問題在法律規(guī)則、金融體系以及金融服務等方面造成的影響進行了深入剖析,最后從需求、供給、政策法律和可持續(xù)發(fā)展等角度對農(nóng)村普惠金融體系的創(chuàng)建給出一些意義。
[Abstract]:Rural finance plays an important role in the development of rural economy. It plays a central role in the allocation of capital, and is also the focal point of the "three rural issues". Since the reform and opening up to the present, the agricultural socio-economic situation in China has undergone radical changes. At the same time, rural finance has also continued to move forward in twists and turns. Although the times are changing and the hot spots of economic development are constantly updating, the economic development of our country is still based on the problems of agriculture, farmers and rural areas. As we all know, China is a big agricultural country and has always been a weak link in economic development in the rural financial system. On the one hand, farmers' financial consciousness is relatively weak, on the other hand, financial institutions lack the impetus to carry out rural finance because of their pursuit of maximum profits. In addition, the implementation of rural financial policies is not in place, which leads to the slow and uneven development of rural finance, and a considerable number of rural low-income groups can not enjoy formal rural financial services. The reform and innovation of the rural financial system and the construction of a scientific and balanced development of the rural financial system are the hot spots that both the government and the academic circles pay close attention to. The first time the term "inclusive finance" emerged was proposed by the United Nations in the year of Microcredit in 2005, the fundamental principle of which is to follow the principles of equality and development and to recommend the creation of a rural inclusive financial system with low-income groups in rural areas, And guarantee its sustainable development, thereby ensuring that this segment of the population can enjoy the dividends of economic and social development. The 2016 Central Committee document I also reiterated the need to promote greater access to financial resources in rural areas and to establish a broad range of financial resources, Sustainable rural inclusive financial system. Therefore, the construction of rural financial system and improvement of rural financial services is the premise of promoting rural inclusive finance under the latest development trend. This paper first summarizes the theoretical and practical achievements of domestic and foreign researchers on inclusive financial system, and then from the demand, supply, Based on the description and analysis of the present situation of the rural inclusive financial system in China from four aspects of the financial development environment and the role of the government, in view of the possible problems in the domestic rural inclusive financial system, the legal rules are put forward. The impact of financial system and financial services is analyzed in depth. Finally, some significance is given to the establishment of rural inclusive financial system from the perspectives of demand, supply, policy and law, and sustainable development.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.35

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