本文選題：甘肅省　切入點(diǎn)：普惠金融　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：甘肅省地處西北欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū),自然條件惡劣、返貧率高,目前貧困人口規(guī)模位居全國第7位,貧困發(fā)生率列全國第2位,貧困問題已成為甘肅省農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中最突出的“短板”,甘肅省脫貧攻堅(jiān)形勢(shì)依然復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻。近年來,普惠金融發(fā)展迅速,其核心理念強(qiáng)調(diào)讓每個(gè)人民群眾都能夠享受到現(xiàn)代的金融服務(wù),得到了世界范圍內(nèi)廣泛地推廣。甘肅省積極探索金融扶貧發(fā)展之路,努力將財(cái)政與金融深度融合,先后采取了高強(qiáng)度的扶貧政策和資金投入方式,金融扶貧成效顯著。農(nóng)村地區(qū)貧困人口規(guī)模大幅度縮減,貧困發(fā)生率持續(xù)下降,貧困戶人均純收入水平明顯提高。基于此,對(duì)普惠金融背景下甘肅省金融扶貧問題進(jìn)行研究,既可及時(shí)總結(jié)省內(nèi)扶貧經(jīng)驗(yàn),為各金融機(jī)構(gòu)今后有效開展金融精準(zhǔn)扶貧提供決策依據(jù),又有利于解決區(qū)域性整體脫貧難題,加快甘肅省打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)的步伐。本研究采用定性分析法對(duì)甘肅省農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn):近年來,甘肅省農(nóng)村地區(qū)金融基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不斷完善,涉農(nóng)貸款規(guī)模逐漸擴(kuò)大,金融產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)方式持續(xù)推新,金融服務(wù)供給能力顯著增強(qiáng),貧困戶融資難、貸款貴等問題得到有效解決,一定程度上滿足了農(nóng)村地區(qū)全方位、多元化、多層次的資金需求。但農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)普惠金融發(fā)展緩慢,金融服務(wù)供需矛盾突出,金融排斥依然嚴(yán)重,金融服務(wù)“最后一公里”的問題仍有待繼續(xù)解決。在此基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用實(shí)證分析法對(duì)貧困地區(qū)中各類金融機(jī)構(gòu)的扶貧狀況以及對(duì)甘肅特色扶貧信貸產(chǎn)品“雙聯(lián)惠農(nóng)貸款、雙業(yè)貸款、精準(zhǔn)扶貧專項(xiàng)貸款”的實(shí)施效益進(jìn)行了分析,綜合得出:各金融機(jī)構(gòu)勇于承擔(dān)扶貧重任,積極創(chuàng)新扶貧服務(wù)方式,努力探索扶貧機(jī)制,已取得了較明顯的扶貧成效。但甘肅省金融扶貧同時(shí)也存在諸如金融組織功能缺陷、金融服務(wù)對(duì)接失衡、抵押擔(dān)保發(fā)展滯后、扶貧效率低和成本高、信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保障缺失等問題。此外,根據(jù)甘肅省各貧困地區(qū)扶貧特點(diǎn),總結(jié)分析了“隴南”、“臨夏”、“定西”、“慶陽”等幾種省內(nèi)典型的金融扶貧形式。探索性的運(yùn)用DEMATEL模型對(duì)甘肅省金融扶貧的影響因素進(jìn)行定量分析,研究得出:政府方面相關(guān)因素對(duì)金融扶貧的影響程度最大,政府在金融扶貧過程中處于主體地位,央行層面和金融機(jī)構(gòu)自身因素對(duì)扶貧的影響較大,貧困人口層面對(duì)金融扶貧的影響程度最小。針對(duì)甘肅省金融扶貧存在的問題及影響因素,嘗試著從微觀層面、中觀層面、宏觀層面三個(gè)方面構(gòu)建甘肅省金融扶貧體系,以此為甘肅省各金融機(jī)構(gòu)今后長(zhǎng)期有效扶貧提供完善的制度保障。綜合以上甘肅省金融扶貧現(xiàn)狀、存在的問題及影響因素,從精確瞄準(zhǔn)貸款對(duì)象、合理規(guī)劃貸款用途、創(chuàng)新信貸扶貧方式、嚴(yán)格加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范、積極扶持承貸銀行、完善考核約束機(jī)制等六個(gè)角度提出了甘肅省金融持續(xù)扶貧的建議。
[Abstract]:Gansu Province is located in the underdeveloped areas of the northwest, with poor natural conditions and high poverty return rate. At present, the scale of the poor population ranks seventh in the country, and the incidence of poverty ranks second in the country. Poverty has become the most prominent "short board" in the rural economic and social development of Gansu Province, and the situation of overcoming poverty in Gansu Province is still complex and severe. In recent years, inclusive finance has developed rapidly. Its core concept emphasizes that every people can enjoy modern financial services and has been widely promoted worldwide. Gansu Province has actively explored the road of financial poverty alleviation and development, and has worked hard to integrate finance and finance deeply. Financial poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results. The size of the poor population in rural areas has been greatly reduced, the incidence of poverty has continued to decline, and the per capita net income of poor households has increased significantly. The study on the financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province in the context of inclusive finance can not only sum up the experience of poverty alleviation in the province in time, but also provide decision-making basis for the financial institutions to effectively carry out the financial accurate poverty alleviation in the future, and also help to solve the problem of poverty alleviation in the region as a whole. This study uses qualitative analysis method to analyze the development of rural financial services in Gansu Province. The study found that: in recent years, the financial infrastructure in rural areas of Gansu Province has been continuously improved. The scale of agriculture-related loans has been gradually expanded, financial products and services have been continuously renewed, the supply capacity of financial services has been significantly enhanced, the financing of poor households has been difficult, and the problems of expensive loans have been effectively solved, to a certain extent meeting the overall needs of rural areas. Diversified and multi-level capital needs. However, the development of inclusive finance in poor rural areas is slow, the contradiction between the supply and demand of financial services is prominent, the financial exclusion is still serious, and the "last kilometer" problem of financial services still needs to be continued to be solved. On this basis, The paper analyzes the poverty alleviation situation of various financial institutions in the poverty-stricken areas and the implementation benefits of Gansu special poverty alleviation credit products, such as "double benefit loan, double industry loan, precision poverty alleviation special loan", using the empirical analysis method to analyze the poverty alleviation situation of various financial institutions in the poverty-stricken areas. It is concluded that the financial institutions have the courage to shoulder the important task of helping the poor, actively innovate the service mode of poverty alleviation, and strive to explore the mechanism of poverty alleviation, which has achieved more obvious results in poverty alleviation. However, the financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province also has some defects such as the function of financial organizations. The imbalance of financial services, the lagging of mortgage guarantee development, the low efficiency and high cost of poverty alleviation, the lack of credit risk protection, etc. In addition, according to the characteristics of poverty alleviation in various poverty-stricken areas of Gansu Province, This paper summarizes and analyzes several typical forms of financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province, such as Longnan, Linxia, Dingxi, Qingyang, etc. The exploratory use of DEMATEL model is used to quantitatively analyze the influencing factors of financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province. The results show that the government has the greatest influence on the financial poverty alleviation, the government is in the main position in the process of financial poverty alleviation, and the central bank level and the financial institutions themselves have a greater impact on poverty alleviation. In view of the problems and influencing factors of financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province, this paper tries to construct the financial poverty alleviation system of Gansu Province from three aspects: micro level, meso level and macro level. In this way, the financial institutions in Gansu Province can provide a sound system for the long-term and effective poverty alleviation in the future. By synthesizing the present situation, existing problems and influencing factors of the financial poverty alleviation in Gansu Province, the paper aims at the loan target accurately and reasonably plans the loan use. This paper puts forward the suggestions of sustainable poverty alleviation in Gansu Province from the six angles of innovating the way of helping the poor by credit, strictly strengthening the risk prevention, actively supporting the banks accepting loans, and perfecting the examination and restraint mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8;F832.4

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