【摘要】：所謂貿(mào)易差額是指一定時期內(nèi)(通常指一年)一國貨物和服務出口和進口的差額。貿(mào)易差額指標既能反映一國的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平等狀況,又能反映一國的在國際貿(mào)易中的競爭力狀況,是對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展的晴雨表。革新開放后后老撾國民經(jīng)濟取得了長足發(fā)展,尤其是在同東盟成國之間的貿(mào)易合作中獲得了大量的外資,并且在關(guān)稅稅率方面相互讓步,促使老撾的對外貿(mào)易規(guī)模、結(jié)構(gòu)、方式等各個方面發(fā)生了根本性變化。但長期以來,老撾對外貿(mào)易中存在著貿(mào)易不平衡的問題。 本文研究了老撾對外貿(mào)易發(fā)展中的不平衡性問題,重點研究了貿(mào)易逆差的成因,并提出了相應的對策與建議。第一部分是緒論部分,主要闡述了本文的研究背景、意義、當前關(guān)于老撾對外貿(mào)易的研究綜述、主要研究內(nèi)容、研究方法；第二部分主要闡述了貿(mào)易不平衡理論及政策主張,綜述了有關(guān)貿(mào)易不平衡的相關(guān)文獻。第三部分分析了老撾的對外貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀,分別以革新開放、加入東盟、加入世界貿(mào)易組織為時間點分階段分析了老撾對外貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀,并從貿(mào)易總量、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、國別結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)分析了老撾當前的對外貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀。第四部分為本文的實證部分,選取了對外貿(mào)易增長速度、對外貿(mào)易競爭力、對外貿(mào)易開放程度、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平四個變量作為解釋變量,通過實證驗證了了老撾對外貿(mào)易逆差的影響因素；第六部分結(jié)合實證結(jié)果以及現(xiàn)狀分析提出了改善老撾對外貿(mào)易的對策。
[Abstract]:The so-called trade balance refers to the difference in the export and import of goods and services from a country over a certain period of time (usually one year). The trade balance index can not only reflect a country's industrial structure, productivity development level, but also reflect a country's competitiveness in international trade. It is a barometer of foreign trade development. After the reform and opening up, the Lao national economy has made great progress, especially in the trade cooperation with ASEAN countries, and has made concessions to each other in terms of tariff rates, thus promoting the scale and structure of Laos's foreign trade. Fundamental changes have taken place in all aspects, such as ways. However, for a long time, there is a trade imbalance in Lao foreign trade. This paper studies the imbalance in the development of Lao foreign trade, focuses on the causes of the trade deficit, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions. The first part is the introduction, which mainly expounds the research background and significance of this paper, the current research review on Lao foreign trade, the main research content and research methods. The second part mainly expounds the theory and policy proposition of trade imbalance, and summarizes the relevant literature on trade imbalance. The third part analyzes the current situation of Laos' foreign trade, analyzes the current situation of Laos' foreign trade in stages by innovation and opening up, joining ASEAN and joining the World Trade Organization (WTO), and analyzes the current situation of Laos' foreign trade in stages from the aspects of total trade volume, product structure and country structure. The technical structure analyzes the current situation of foreign trade in Laos. The fourth part is the empirical part of this paper, which selects four variables: the growth rate of foreign trade, the competitiveness of foreign trade, the degree of openness of foreign trade and the level of economic development as explanatory variables. Through empirical verification, the influencing factors of Lao foreign trade deficit are verified. The sixth part puts forward the countermeasures to improve Lao foreign trade based on the empirical results and the analysis of the present situation.
【學位授予單位】：云南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F753.34

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