專利許可視角下的技術(shù)擴(kuò)散研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-05 09:29
【摘要】：技術(shù)擴(kuò)散是新技術(shù)獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,技術(shù)創(chuàng)新獲得社會效益的主要來源。本文回顧了國內(nèi)外對技術(shù)擴(kuò)散與專利許可的研究現(xiàn)狀,從專利角度出發(fā),專利許可引起的知識流動和技術(shù)溢出的過程被視為技術(shù)擴(kuò)散。在本文的分析中,用專利來代表技術(shù)或者知識,通過專利許可這種方式,使技術(shù)在市場中得到應(yīng)用和推廣。專利許可的技術(shù)擴(kuò)散,本質(zhì)上是技術(shù)情報(bào)的擴(kuò)散和傳播。近年來微軟以專利許可這種方式為主,對技術(shù)進(jìn)行全球化的布局,特別是安卓系統(tǒng)在全球的應(yīng)用,充分展現(xiàn)了專利許可已經(jīng)成為技術(shù)擴(kuò)散的重要方式。本文以2008-2013年SIPO專利實(shí)施許可登記備案信息作為樣本數(shù)據(jù),定量分析與定性分析相結(jié)合,利用專利計(jì)量分析的方法,充分利用社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析和信息可視化技術(shù),分別從時(shí)間和空間兩個(gè)維度,對中國大陸地區(qū)的專利許可現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行定量描述；通過專利許可網(wǎng)絡(luò)直觀的展示專利許可的特點(diǎn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：在現(xiàn)有的專利許可活動當(dāng)中,專利許可數(shù)量,與專利申請量和專利授權(quán)量相比數(shù)量較少。專利實(shí)施許可主體以個(gè)人和公司為主,個(gè)人是專利技術(shù)輸出的首要來源,高校的參與程度相對較低,而企業(yè)對技術(shù)的輸入發(fā)揮著主導(dǎo)性作用。我國以獨(dú)占許可為主,普通許可較少,鮮有交叉許可和分許可。專利實(shí)施許可時(shí)間距離申請日越近許可的可能性越大,專利許可累計(jì)數(shù)量曲線近似為“S”曲線。大部分地區(qū)之間的許可關(guān)系非常的松散,許可頻次相對較低,而只有少數(shù)地區(qū)的許可關(guān)系較為緊密�？傮w上我國大陸地區(qū)之間已經(jīng)建立了廣泛的技術(shù)擴(kuò)散關(guān)系,但是個(gè)各地區(qū)之間的合作強(qiáng)度卻存在著明顯的差異,將許可關(guān)系的強(qiáng)度考慮進(jìn)來之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)技術(shù)擴(kuò)散強(qiáng)度較低；技術(shù)擴(kuò)散范圍有限；廣東、江蘇、北京等省區(qū)處于絕對優(yōu)勢地位；臺灣與東南沿海地區(qū)存在高強(qiáng)度的擴(kuò)散關(guān)系；各個(gè)省區(qū)在技術(shù)承擔(dān)角色上存在較大的差異。經(jīng)過以上的論述分析,我們認(rèn)為專利許可存在著以下方面的問題：專利許可的形式單一,獨(dú)占許可為主；專利許可的非職務(wù)發(fā)明居多,科研院所的專利許可數(shù)量較少；我國專利許可分布不均衡,整體上呈現(xiàn)自東向西逐級遞減的態(tài)勢；跨區(qū)域許可關(guān)系脆弱,許可強(qiáng)度有待提高。本文針對這些問題提出了相關(guān)的對策：政府方面應(yīng)制定和完善專利許可的政策,完善專利技術(shù)的評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。行業(yè)方面應(yīng)該積極推動建立專利中介服務(wù)體系。企業(yè)方面應(yīng)積極搭建專利許可平臺,與科研院所合作。
[Abstract]:Technology diffusion is the main source for new technology to obtain economic benefits and technological innovation to obtain social benefits. This paper reviews the research status of technology diffusion and patent license at home and abroad. From the patent point of view, the process of knowledge flow and technology spillover caused by patent license is regarded as technology diffusion. In the analysis of this paper, patents are used to represent technology or knowledge, and technology is applied and popularized in the market through patent licensing. The technological diffusion of patent license is essentially the diffusion and dissemination of technical information. In recent years, Microsoft has focused on patent licensing. The global layout of technology, especially the application of Android in the world, fully shows that patent licensing has become an important way of technology diffusion. This paper takes the registration information of SIPO patent implementation license from 2008 to 2013 as the sample data, combines quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, makes full use of social network analysis and information visualization technology by using the method of patent econometric analysis. The present situation of patent license in mainland China is described quantitatively from the dimensions of time and space. Through the patent licensing network intuitive display of the characteristics of patent licensing. It is found that in the existing patent licensing activities, the number of patent licenses is smaller than the number of patent applications and patent authorizations. The subject of patent implementation license is mainly individual and company, individual is the primary source of patented technology export, the participation degree of colleges and universities is relatively low, and enterprises play a leading role in the input of technology. In China, exclusive license is the main, ordinary license is less, there are few cross-license and sub-license. The closer the patent implementation license time is to the application date, the greater the possibility of licensing, and the cumulative number curve of patent license is approximate to the "S" curve. The licensing relationship between most regions is very loose, the licensing frequency is relatively low, and only a few areas have a closer licensing relationship. Generally speaking, a wide range of technology diffusion relations have been established among the mainland of China, but there are obvious differences in the intensity of cooperation among different regions. After considering the intensity of the licensing relationship, it is found that the intensity of technology diffusion is low. The scope of technology diffusion is limited; Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing and other provinces and regions are in an absolute dominant position; there is a high intensity diffusion relationship between Taiwan and the southeast coastal areas; there are great differences in the role of technology assumption in each province. After the above discussion and analysis, we think that there are the following problems in patent license: the form of patent license is single, exclusive license is the main, patent license is in the majority of non-official inventions, and the number of patent license in scientific research institutes is small; The distribution of patent license in China is uneven, and the overall trend is decreasing step by step from east to west, and the cross-regional licensing relationship is fragile, and the license intensity needs to be improved. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward some countermeasures: the government should formulate and perfect the policy of patent licensing and perfect the evaluation standard of patented technology. The industry should actively promote the establishment of patent intermediary service system. Enterprises should actively build a patent licensing platform and cooperate with scientific research institutes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F723.84
本文編號：2493425
[Abstract]:Technology diffusion is the main source for new technology to obtain economic benefits and technological innovation to obtain social benefits. This paper reviews the research status of technology diffusion and patent license at home and abroad. From the patent point of view, the process of knowledge flow and technology spillover caused by patent license is regarded as technology diffusion. In the analysis of this paper, patents are used to represent technology or knowledge, and technology is applied and popularized in the market through patent licensing. The technological diffusion of patent license is essentially the diffusion and dissemination of technical information. In recent years, Microsoft has focused on patent licensing. The global layout of technology, especially the application of Android in the world, fully shows that patent licensing has become an important way of technology diffusion. This paper takes the registration information of SIPO patent implementation license from 2008 to 2013 as the sample data, combines quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, makes full use of social network analysis and information visualization technology by using the method of patent econometric analysis. The present situation of patent license in mainland China is described quantitatively from the dimensions of time and space. Through the patent licensing network intuitive display of the characteristics of patent licensing. It is found that in the existing patent licensing activities, the number of patent licenses is smaller than the number of patent applications and patent authorizations. The subject of patent implementation license is mainly individual and company, individual is the primary source of patented technology export, the participation degree of colleges and universities is relatively low, and enterprises play a leading role in the input of technology. In China, exclusive license is the main, ordinary license is less, there are few cross-license and sub-license. The closer the patent implementation license time is to the application date, the greater the possibility of licensing, and the cumulative number curve of patent license is approximate to the "S" curve. The licensing relationship between most regions is very loose, the licensing frequency is relatively low, and only a few areas have a closer licensing relationship. Generally speaking, a wide range of technology diffusion relations have been established among the mainland of China, but there are obvious differences in the intensity of cooperation among different regions. After considering the intensity of the licensing relationship, it is found that the intensity of technology diffusion is low. The scope of technology diffusion is limited; Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing and other provinces and regions are in an absolute dominant position; there is a high intensity diffusion relationship between Taiwan and the southeast coastal areas; there are great differences in the role of technology assumption in each province. After the above discussion and analysis, we think that there are the following problems in patent license: the form of patent license is single, exclusive license is the main, patent license is in the majority of non-official inventions, and the number of patent license in scientific research institutes is small; The distribution of patent license in China is uneven, and the overall trend is decreasing step by step from east to west, and the cross-regional licensing relationship is fragile, and the license intensity needs to be improved. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward some countermeasures: the government should formulate and perfect the policy of patent licensing and perfect the evaluation standard of patented technology. The industry should actively promote the establishment of patent intermediary service system. Enterprises should actively build a patent licensing platform and cooperate with scientific research institutes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F723.84
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