【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步對中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)起到了極大的促進(jìn)作用，21世紀(jì)以來，中國制造業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度就不斷地升級(jí)，，但是出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度升級(jí)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的同時(shí)，也不可避免的帶來了一些負(fù)面影響。比如，對中國熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距帶來了巨大的影響。諸多的經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著出口技術(shù)水平的不斷提高，中國制造業(yè)熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距表現(xiàn)出上升趨勢。因此關(guān)于出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度和熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力相對工資差距之間的相互關(guān)系就成為了國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家和勞動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家研究的一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)話題。 筆者通過構(gòu)建省級(jí)層面的出口技術(shù)水平指數(shù)，采用31個(gè)省級(jí)面板數(shù)據(jù)并運(yùn)用描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)和系統(tǒng)GMM方法，從全國和區(qū)域兩個(gè)層面實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)了中國制造業(yè)各省級(jí)區(qū)域2002-2012年資本和勞動(dòng)密集偏向型產(chǎn)業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度對熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力相對工資差距的關(guān)系，從而為中國的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整與升級(jí)提供一定的實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)意義。 通過分析得出以下結(jié)論：（1）2002-2012年來，中國制造業(yè)各省級(jí)區(qū)域資本和勞動(dòng)密集偏向型產(chǎn)業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度都在不斷地升級(jí)，但并沒有Rodrik測度的那么高；（2）從全國層面來看，資本和勞動(dòng)密集偏向型產(chǎn)業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度升級(jí)均顯著地增加了熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對需求以及工資收入，從而擴(kuò)大了制造業(yè)的熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距；（3）從區(qū)域?qū)用鎭砜矗瑬|部地區(qū)的資本和勞動(dòng)密集偏向型產(chǎn)業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度升級(jí)對熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距的正向效應(yīng)明顯高于中西部地區(qū)，可見全國層面的資本和勞動(dòng)密集偏向型產(chǎn)業(yè)的出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度升級(jí)對其相對工資差距的正向效應(yīng)主要是由東部地區(qū)引起的；（4）外商直接投資也能顯著地?cái)U(kuò)大其相對工資差距，而區(qū)域開放程度和總資產(chǎn)貢獻(xiàn)率則顯著地減少了中國熟練勞動(dòng)力的工資份額。 因此，中國在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷升級(jí)的情況下，我們也不能忽視出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度對中國熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距帶來的負(fù)面作用。即我們要在堅(jiān)持對外開放的情況下，合理調(diào)整中國的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，以避免出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度對中國熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力相對工資差距帶來的負(fù)面影響。出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度升級(jí)擴(kuò)大了中國熟練與非熟練勞動(dòng)力的相對工資差距，但由于它是增強(qiáng)我國綜合實(shí)力的根本途徑，我們只有在提高出口技術(shù)復(fù)雜度的同時(shí)，制定有效的分配政策，以更好地解決效率與公平之間的關(guān)系問題。當(dāng)然，限于筆者有限的學(xué)術(shù)水平，本文仍存在諸多不足之處，論文最后部分提出了本研究領(lǐng)域的局限性以及未來需努力的方向。
[Abstract]:Economic globalization and continuous technological progress have played a great role in promoting China's economy. Since the 21st century, the technological complexity of China's manufacturing industry has been continuously upgraded. However, the upgrade of export technology complexity not only promotes the rapid development of economy, but also inevitably brings some negative effects. For example, the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labour in China has had a huge impact. Many empirical studies have found that the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in China's manufacturing industry shows an upward trend with the continuous improvement of export technology. Therefore, the relationship between export technology complexity and the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor has become a hot topic for international economists and labor economists. By constructing export technology level index at provincial level, the author adopts 31 provincial panel data and uses descriptive statistics and systematic GMM method. This paper empirically examines the relationship between the export technology complexity of capital and labor-intensive biased industries from 2002 to 2012 and the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in the provincial manufacturing regions of China from the national and regional levels. So as to China's industrial structure adjustment and upgrading to provide certain practical significance. The conclusions are as follows: (1) from 2002 to 2012, the technological complexity of capital and labor-intensive biased industries in the provinces of China's manufacturing industry has been continuously upgraded, but it is not as high as the Rodrik measure; (2) at the national level, the upgrading of the technological complexity of capital and labor-intensive biased industries has significantly increased the relative demand for skilled labour and wage income. Thus widening the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in manufacturing; (3) at the regional level, the positive effects of the upgrading of the technological complexity of capital and labor-intensive biased industries on the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in the eastern region are significantly higher than those in the central and western regions. It can be seen that the positive effect of capital and labor-intensive biased industries on the relative wage gap is mainly caused by the eastern region. (4) Foreign direct investment can also significantly widen the relative wage gap, while the regional opening degree and the contribution rate of total assets significantly reduce the wage share of China's skilled labor force. Therefore, with the continuous upgrading of China's industrial structure, we can not ignore the negative effect of export technological complexity on the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in China. That is to say, we should adjust China's industrial structure reasonably under the condition of persisting in opening to the outside world, so as to avoid the negative influence of export technology complexity on the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in China. The upgrading of export technology complexity has widened the relative wage gap between skilled and unskilled labor in China. However, as it is the fundamental way to enhance China's comprehensive strength, we can only increase the complexity of export technology at the same time. Formulate effective distribution policies to better address the relationship between efficiency and equity. Of course, due to the limited academic level of the author, there are still many deficiencies in this paper. In the last part of the paper, the limitations of this research field and the direction of future efforts are proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F424;F752.62;F249.24

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 李樹培;高連水;魏下海;;貿(mào)易開放與發(fā)展中國家收入差距擴(kuò)大——基于中國的理論與實(shí)證分析[J];財(cái)經(jīng)研究;2009年12期

2 黃先海;陳曉華;;要素密集型逆轉(zhuǎn)與貿(mào)易獲利能力提升——以中美紡織業(yè)為例[J];國際貿(mào)易問題;2008年02期

3 喻美辭;;國際貿(mào)易、技術(shù)進(jìn)步對相對工資差距的影響——基于我國制造業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)證分析[J];國際貿(mào)易問題;2008年04期

4 陳怡;;國際貿(mào)易對我國行業(yè)間收入分配的影響——基于制造業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)證分析[J];國際貿(mào)易問題;2009年04期

5 喻美辭;;進(jìn)口貿(mào)易、R&D溢出與相對工資差距:基于我國制造業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)證分析[J];國際貿(mào)易問題;2010年07期

6 黃先海;陳曉華;劉慧;;產(chǎn)業(yè)出口復(fù)雜度的測度及其動(dòng)態(tài)演進(jìn)機(jī)理分析——基于52個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)體1993～2006年金屬制品出口的實(shí)證研究[J];管理世界;2010年03期

7 張軍,吳桂英,張吉鵬;中國省際物質(zhì)資本存量估算:1952—2000[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2004年10期

8 樊綱;關(guān)志雄;姚枝仲;;國際貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)分析:貿(mào)易品的技術(shù)分布[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2006年08期

9 潘士遠(yuǎn);;貿(mào)易自由化、有偏的學(xué)習(xí)效應(yīng)與發(fā)展中國家的工資差異[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2007年06期

10 杜修立;王維國;;中國出口貿(mào)易的技術(shù)結(jié)構(gòu)及其變遷:1980—2003[J];經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2007年07期

本文編號(hào)：2389414