【摘要】：隨著我國服務(wù)業(yè)飛速發(fā)展，跨國公司對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)的直接投資額逐年增加。從1998年的135億美元增加到2013年的662億美元，服務(wù)業(yè)的市場開放度逐年提高，進(jìn)而帶動(dòng)了服務(wù)貿(mào)易以年增長20%快速發(fā)展，但服務(wù)業(yè)的整體競爭力依然處于弱勢(shì)。目前，中國處于“十二五”規(guī)劃的重要發(fā)展時(shí)期，服務(wù)業(yè)作為重點(diǎn)發(fā)展行業(yè)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行深入研究至關(guān)重要。同時(shí)，服務(wù)業(yè)的對(duì)外開放度逐年提高，外資的引進(jìn)逐漸成為提高服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展水平的重要措施。因此，分析服務(wù)業(yè)FDI與服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力之間的關(guān)系有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 文章首先對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的一般效應(yīng)理論以及“技術(shù)外溢”機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析，得出服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的引進(jìn)對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力有影響，并基于邁克爾波特的產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)理論，提出服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力的提高主要受到生產(chǎn)要素、需求條件、相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平、企業(yè)策略、結(jié)構(gòu)或競爭對(duì)手、機(jī)遇以及政府等因素的影響。然后，對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的概況以及服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。接著，文章利用1996-2013年服務(wù)業(yè)的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，通過構(gòu)建計(jì)量模型，揭示了二者之間的關(guān)系，并找出服務(wù)業(yè)FDI對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力產(chǎn)生影響的主要因素。最后，從分行業(yè)的角度，對(duì)不同行業(yè)受到服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的影響效果進(jìn)行分析，更加有力的論證了服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的引進(jìn)對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力的影響路徑。 通過研究得出，服務(wù)業(yè)FDI對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力的影響呈現(xiàn)倒U曲線關(guān)系，當(dāng)外資相對(duì)規(guī)模超過一定闋值點(diǎn)時(shí)，將不利于服務(wù)業(yè)競爭力的提升。服務(wù)業(yè)FDI通過城市化水平、服務(wù)業(yè)固定資產(chǎn)投資以及高等教育人數(shù)這三個(gè)因素對(duì)競爭力有顯著的影響。并且，，由于行業(yè)的不同，引進(jìn)FDI會(huì)對(duì)不同行業(yè)產(chǎn)生不同的效應(yīng)。文章最后根據(jù)上述實(shí)證研究的結(jié)論，提出增強(qiáng)我國服務(wù)業(yè)國際競爭力的建議。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's service industry, the direct investment of multinational companies in the service industry is increasing year by year. From $13.5 billion in 1998 to $66.2 billion in 2013, the market openness of the service industry has increased year by year, which has led to the rapid growth of trade in services by 20 percent a year, but the overall competitiveness of the service industry is still weak. At present, China is in the important development period of the 12th Five-Year Plan, and it is very important to study the service industry as a key industry. At the same time, the degree of service opening to the outside world is increasing year by year, and the introduction of foreign capital has gradually become an important measure to improve the development level of service industry. Therefore, it is of practical significance to analyze the relationship between service industry FDI and service industry competitiveness. This paper first analyzes the general effect theory of service industry FDI and the mechanism of "technology spillover", and concludes that the introduction of service industry FDI has an impact on the competitiveness of service industry, and based on Michael? Porter's theory of industrial competitive advantage puts forward that the improvement of service industry competitiveness is mainly influenced by factors of production, demand conditions, development level of related industries, enterprise strategy, structure or competitor, opportunity and government. Then, the general situation of service industry FDI and the current situation of service industry competitiveness are analyzed. Then, by using the relevant data of service industry from 1996 to 2013, this paper constructs an econometric model to reveal the relationship between them, and finds out the main factors that influence the competitiveness of service industry by FDI. Finally, from the point of view of industry, this paper analyzes the effect of service FDI on different industries, and demonstrates the influence of FDI introduction on the competitiveness of service industry. It is concluded that the influence of service industry FDI on service industry competitiveness is inversely U-curve. When the relative scale of foreign capital exceeds a certain value point, it will be unfavorable to the promotion of service industry competitiveness. FDI of service industry has significant influence on competitiveness through three factors: urbanization level, fixed asset investment in service industry and the number of higher education. Moreover, because of the different industries, the introduction of FDI will have different effects on different industries. Finally, according to the conclusions of the above empirical research, the paper puts forward some suggestions to enhance the international competitiveness of China's service industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F719

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