發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-24 20:05

  本文選題：自然資源貿(mào)易 + 出口限制措施�。� 參考：《國(guó)際貿(mào)易經(jīng)濟(jì)合作研究院》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：自然資源作為人類(lèi)賴(lài)以生存和發(fā)展的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),其重要性不言而喻,自然資源具有的區(qū)別與其他貨物的特征,更需要我們格外重視。當(dāng)今世界,自然資源貿(mào)易構(gòu)成了國(guó)際貿(mào)易的重要組成部分,無(wú)論是世界還是中國(guó)的自然資源貿(mào)易都得到了極大的發(fā)展,規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)張。中國(guó)作為資源貿(mào)易大國(guó),向世界供應(yīng)大規(guī)模的礦產(chǎn)資源,然而從中國(guó)國(guó)情來(lái)說(shuō),雖然自然資源總量豐富,但人均占有量不足,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展,自然資源的消耗急劇增加,資源不合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用造成的環(huán)境問(wèn)題也日益嚴(yán)重。中國(guó)需要合理開(kāi)發(fā)利用自然資源,優(yōu)化國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn),限制自然資源出口,以保證可持續(xù)發(fā)展。目前,中國(guó)開(kāi)始加強(qiáng)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)自然資源的綜合管理,包括采取措施對(duì)資源進(jìn)行保護(hù)性開(kāi)采,提升資源利用的程度,延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈,提高資源附加值和實(shí)施出口限制等。但是作為WTO成員國(guó),通過(guò)實(shí)施出口限制措施來(lái)保護(hù)自然資源,很容易受到其他成員國(guó)的指責(zé),甚至導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易摩擦和爭(zhēng)端。在WTO框架下,掌握WTO關(guān)于自然資源保護(hù)的有關(guān)規(guī)則,利用WTO現(xiàn)有的規(guī)則實(shí)施合理的出口限制措施來(lái)保護(hù)本國(guó)的自然資源,是擺在中國(guó)面前的一個(gè)重要問(wèn)題。本論文首先對(duì)自然資源的相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了界定,并從經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度對(duì)其獨(dú)有的特征進(jìn)行了歸納總結(jié)。然后,從不同的角度探究了全球自然資源貿(mào)易和中國(guó)自然資源貿(mào)易的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的特點(diǎn),對(duì)當(dāng)前的自然資源貿(mào)易形勢(shì)形成比較全面的認(rèn)識(shí)。其次,詳細(xì)闡述了WTO出口限制規(guī)則中有關(guān)自然資源的一般條款和例外條款,并對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)自然資源出口限制政策和中國(guó)加入WTO做出的關(guān)于自然資源出口限制的承諾與WTO規(guī)則的合規(guī)性方面做出深刻的剖析。最后,結(jié)合前文關(guān)于WTO與中國(guó)自然資源出口限制規(guī)則的研究,分析了中國(guó)原材料案和稀土案這兩個(gè)典型案例,從而對(duì)規(guī)則的具體適用條件和范圍有了清晰的了解。結(jié)論簡(jiǎn)要總結(jié)了本文的基本內(nèi)容,寄望本文的政策建議能夠?qū)ξ磥?lái)的資源貿(mào)易政策制定有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The importance of natural resources as the material basis for human survival and development is self-evident. The difference between natural resources and the characteristics of other goods requires us to pay more attention. In today's world, the trade of natural resources constitutes an important part of international trade, and the world or China's natural resource trade is all obtained. As a big resource trade country, China is a large resource trade country, which supplies large-scale mineral resources to the world. However, in terms of China's national conditions, although the total amount of natural resources is rich, the per capita possession is insufficient. With the continuous development of the economy and society, the consumption of natural resources is increasing rapidly, and the irrational exploitation and utilization of resources is the result. The environmental problems are also increasingly serious. China needs to develop and utilize natural resources rationally, optimize domestic production and restrict the export of natural resources to ensure sustainable development. At present, China has begun to strengthen the comprehensive management of natural resources in China, including measures to protect the resources, improve the utilization of resources, and extend the industrial chain. High resources added value and export restrictions, but as a member of the WTO, the protection of natural resources by implementing export restrictions is easily accused by other Member States, even trade frictions and disputes. Under the framework of WTO, the rules on the protection of natural resources by WTO are mastered, and the existing rules of the WTO are used to implement reasonable rules. The export restriction measures to protect the natural resources of the country is an important issue in front of China. This paper first defines the related concepts of natural resources and sums up its unique characteristics from the economic perspective. Then, the global natural resource trade and China's natural resource trade are explored from different angles. The present situation and characteristics of the development of the natural resources are fully understood. Secondly, the general provisions and exceptions of natural resources in the WTO export restriction rules are elaborated, and the restrictions on domestic natural resources export restrictions and the export limits on natural resources made by China's entry into WTO The commitment of the system is deeply dissected with the compliance of the WTO rules. Finally, the two typical cases of the original material case and the rare earth case in China are analyzed with the previous study of the restrictions on the export of natural resources in China and WTO. This is a clear understanding of the specific conditions and scope of the rules. The main content of this paper is that the policy recommendations of this paper will have some guiding significance for the formulation of future resource trade policies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國(guó)際貿(mào)易經(jīng)濟(jì)合作研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F743.1;F752.62

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本文編號(hào)：2062759