本文選題：外貿(mào)新常態(tài) + 外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)型�。� 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：國(guó)際金融危機(jī)過(guò)后,深層次影響持續(xù)顯現(xiàn),我國(guó)外需持續(xù)低迷,國(guó)內(nèi)要素成本大幅上升,外貿(mào)形勢(shì)十分復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻,下行壓力明顯加大。面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國(guó)際環(huán)境和國(guó)內(nèi)傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)減弱等多重挑戰(zhàn),我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易發(fā)展也進(jìn)入新常態(tài)時(shí)期,外貿(mào)發(fā)展急需轉(zhuǎn)型。新常態(tài)下我國(guó)外貿(mào)出現(xiàn)新的特征符合經(jīng)濟(jì)新常態(tài)的基本表現(xiàn),增速明顯下滑、從要素驅(qū)動(dòng)向創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變,提質(zhì)增效,從粗放型的發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榧s式的發(fā)展,外貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)、方式急需進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)型之路更為艱辛。新常態(tài)環(huán)境為我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型提出了新的要求和發(fā)展方向,要在結(jié)構(gòu)效益、模式效益和思維效益上進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)變,進(jìn)而提高我國(guó)外貿(mào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、促進(jìn)我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型。通過(guò)對(duì)進(jìn)出口額、外貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)、投資現(xiàn)狀、外貿(mào)依存度等方面的現(xiàn)狀分析發(fā)現(xiàn),我國(guó)外貿(mào)面臨諸多問(wèn)題、轉(zhuǎn)型之路刻不容緩且任重道遠(yuǎn)。出現(xiàn)了發(fā)展方式不合理,貿(mào)易利潤(rùn)低、創(chuàng)新能力不足制約轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展、保護(hù)主義升溫,外貿(mào)擴(kuò)張難度加大、外貿(mào)區(qū)域空間發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)、服務(wù)貿(mào)易發(fā)展落后、國(guó)際經(jīng)貿(mào)環(huán)境更加復(fù)雜等問(wèn)題,其原因一方面來(lái)自國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上外需萎縮、摩擦加劇、經(jīng)貿(mào)格局調(diào)整以及全球產(chǎn)業(yè)價(jià)值鏈重構(gòu)與轉(zhuǎn)移等影響因素,另一方面來(lái)自于我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行壓力加大、傳統(tǒng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)弱化和新型競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)正在培育尚未成型,被動(dòng)的外貿(mào)思維和我國(guó)較低國(guó)際分工和價(jià)值鏈地位是根本原因所在。對(duì)外貿(mào)易的穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促平衡勢(shì)在必行,要實(shí)現(xiàn)從大進(jìn)大出向優(yōu)進(jìn)優(yōu)出轉(zhuǎn)變,從被動(dòng)外貿(mào)向主動(dòng)外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)變,貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化,發(fā)展動(dòng)力加快轉(zhuǎn)換,外貿(mào)發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益進(jìn)一步提升,貿(mào)易大國(guó)地位進(jìn)一步鞏固,貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國(guó)建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展的轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展目標(biāo)。外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)型從高速規(guī)模擴(kuò)張向中低速效益增長(zhǎng)、粗放數(shù)量型向集約質(zhì)量型、要素資源驅(qū)動(dòng)向創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)、非均衡增長(zhǎng)向多元平衡發(fā)展、外部被動(dòng)牽引向內(nèi)部主動(dòng)供給側(cè)改革等為路徑實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)變。需要依托“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略,優(yōu)化周邊經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展格局,推動(dòng)貿(mào)易方式與結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí),積極推動(dòng)外貿(mào)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易,以創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)提高出口產(chǎn)品的科技含量與質(zhì)量,加快跨境電商平臺(tái)、自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè),促進(jìn)外貿(mào)品牌建設(shè),提升我國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,構(gòu)建互利共贏的國(guó)際合作新格局,積極參與國(guó)際規(guī)則的修改與制定,營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的國(guó)際環(huán)境,同時(shí)不斷完善我國(guó)法律、財(cái)政、稅收、金融等政策體系,從而提升我國(guó)外貿(mào)整體水平,華麗轉(zhuǎn)型,實(shí)現(xiàn)從貿(mào)易大國(guó)向貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)變的最終目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:After the international financial crisis, the deep influence continues to appear. We need to continue the downturn abroad, the domestic factor costs have risen sharply, the foreign trade situation is very complicated and severe, the downward pressure is obviously increasing. Facing the complex international environment and the weakening of the domestic traditional advantages, the development of our foreign trade has also entered a new normal period, foreign trade is issued. It is in urgent need of transformation. New characteristics of China's foreign trade are in accordance with the basic performance of the new normal economy. The growth of China's foreign trade is obviously declining, from factor driven to innovation driven, quality and efficiency, from extensive development to intensive development, the structure of foreign trade is in urgent need of further optimization, and the road of foreign trade transformation is more difficult. A new normal ring China has put forward new requirements and development direction for the transformation of foreign trade in China. It should change the structure benefit, model benefit and thinking benefit, and then improve our foreign trade competitiveness and promote the transformation of China's foreign trade. The road of trade is facing many problems, and the road of transformation is urgent and heavy. There are some problems, such as irrational way of development, low trade profit, lack of innovation ability and restriction of transformation and development, increasing protectionism, increasing difficulty of foreign trade expansion, uncoordinated development of foreign trade area space, backward service trade development, and more complex international economic and trade environment. On the one hand, it comes from the shrinking of foreign demand, the intensification of the friction, the adjustment of the economic and trade pattern and the restructuring and transfer of the global industrial value chain. On the other hand, the pressure of the domestic macro-economic operation is increasing, the weakening of the traditional competitive advantage and the new competitive advantage are not yet formed, the passive foreign trade thinking and our country are compared. The fundamental reason is the low international division of labor and the position of value chain. The steady growth of foreign trade, the adjustment of structure and the balance of balance are imperative. It is necessary to realize the transformation from the great advance to the best, from the passive foreign trade to the active foreign trade, the further optimization of the trade structure, the rapid transformation of the development power, the further improvement of the quality and benefit of the development of foreign trade. The position of Yi big country is further consolidated, the transformation and development goal of important progress in building trade power has been achieved. The transformation of foreign trade from high speed scale expansion to middle and low speed benefit, extensive quantity type to intensive quality, factor resource driven to innovation, unbalanced growth to multiple balanced development, external passive traction to internal active supply side reform As the path to realize the transformation of leather. The need to rely on the "The Belt and Road" strategy, optimize its economic development pattern, and promote trade structure transformation and upgrading, and actively promote foreign trade structure adjustment, vigorously develop the service trade, to improve the content of science and technology innovation driven and the quality of export products, accelerate the construction of cross-border electronic business platform, free trade zone, To promote the construction of foreign trade brand, promote the international competitiveness of our foreign trade, build a new pattern of mutual benefit and win-win international cooperation, actively participate in the revision and formulation of international rules, create a fair competition international environment, and constantly improve our country's legal, financial, tax and financial policies, so as to improve the overall level of our foreign trade, and turn the whole level to a splendid turn. To achieve the ultimate goal of changing from a trading power to a trading power.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F752

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