發(fā)布時間：2018-04-12 20:27

  本文選題：環(huán)境規(guī)制 + 擴(kuò)展邊際��； 參考：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國環(huán)境規(guī)制的出口貿(mào)易效應(yīng)日益受到經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論界的廣泛關(guān)注,既有成果主要聚焦于環(huán)境規(guī)制對出口貿(mào)易總量的宏觀影響,鮮有研究從微觀視角探討環(huán)境規(guī)制對出口貿(mào)易三元邊際的影響與作用。本文結(jié)合新新貿(mào)易理論,從產(chǎn)品層面對我國出口貿(mào)易進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展邊際、數(shù)量邊際和價格邊際分解,并對環(huán)境規(guī)制的出口貿(mào)易三元邊際效應(yīng)予以實證分析。本文的研究共分為六章:第一章結(jié)合相關(guān)研究背景提出本文的研究思路;第二章從環(huán)境規(guī)制的貿(mào)易效應(yīng)和出口貿(mào)易邊際兩方面歸納總結(jié)國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究進(jìn)展;第三章運用相關(guān)理論闡釋環(huán)境規(guī)制對出口貿(mào)易邊際的影響機(jī)理;第四章從總體上分析中國環(huán)境規(guī)制和出口貿(mào)易的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀;第五章對環(huán)境規(guī)制的出口貿(mào)易三元邊際效應(yīng)進(jìn)行計量分析;第六章根據(jù)理論和實證分析凝練研究結(jié)論,并提出相應(yīng)的政策建議。理論研究部分,筆者借助HMR模型剖析了環(huán)境規(guī)制如何基于企業(yè)行為選擇機(jī)制進(jìn)而影響一國的出口貿(mào)易邊際。就經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)邏輯而言,環(huán)境規(guī)制的主要作用在于促進(jìn)環(huán)境成本內(nèi)部化,使得私人成本與社會成本相一致,進(jìn)而實現(xiàn)社會福利最大化。從靜態(tài)角度看,環(huán)境成本內(nèi)部化引致的生產(chǎn)邊際成本上升會促使企業(yè)縮減生產(chǎn)規(guī)模,出口數(shù)量邊際減少;另外,企業(yè)的出口門檻提高,出口擴(kuò)展邊際下降。從動態(tài)角度看,環(huán)境規(guī)制會激勵企業(yè)為彌補(bǔ)生產(chǎn)成本上升造成的損失而進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新,企業(yè)通過技術(shù)創(chuàng)新可以提高生產(chǎn)率從而減少生產(chǎn)成本,企業(yè)的出口門檻降低,有利于提高出口的擴(kuò)展邊際和數(shù)量邊際;同時,產(chǎn)品技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有助于提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、擴(kuò)大利潤空間,提升出口價格邊際。實證研究部分,本文借鑒Hummels和Klenow(2005)的方法,將中國出口規(guī)模分解為擴(kuò)展邊際、數(shù)量邊際和價格邊際三個方面,以2001～2014年32個工業(yè)行業(yè)加權(quán)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化后的固體廢棄物綜合利用率作為環(huán)境規(guī)制的衡量指標(biāo),并在模型中加入行業(yè)平均規(guī)模、研發(fā)密度、資本密度和勞動生產(chǎn)率作為控制變量進(jìn)行計量分析�；貧w結(jié)果表明.·環(huán)境規(guī)制強(qiáng)度的提高雖然會明顯抑制數(shù)量邊際,但對擴(kuò)展邊際和價格邊際均有不同程度的促進(jìn)作用;環(huán)境規(guī)制的出口貿(mào)易三元邊際效應(yīng)呈明顯的行業(yè)差異,環(huán)境規(guī)制正向影響低污染行業(yè)的擴(kuò)展邊際和價格邊際,但對高污染行業(yè)僅正向影響其價格邊際,對擴(kuò)展邊際影響不大�？傮w而言,加強(qiáng)環(huán)境規(guī)制雖然會在一定程度上抑制出口數(shù)量邊際,但更多的是激勵企業(yè)專注于開發(fā)新型產(chǎn)品和提升產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,最終有利于我國出口貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化�；谘芯拷Y(jié)論,本文從環(huán)境規(guī)制和出口貿(mào)易可持續(xù)發(fā)展兩方面提出了若干政策建議。在豐富環(huán)境規(guī)制手段和完善環(huán)境規(guī)制政策的同時應(yīng)努力鼓勵企業(yè)創(chuàng)新、完善知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)、促進(jìn)環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The export trade effect of environmental regulation in China has been paid more and more attention by the economic theorists. The existing achievements mainly focus on the macro impact of environmental regulation on the total export trade.Few studies have explored the impact and effect of environmental regulation on the ternary margin of export trade from a micro perspective.Based on the new and new trade theory, this paper analyzes the ternary marginal effect of environmental regulation on export trade by expanding the margin of China's export trade from the product level, dividing the margin of quantity and price, and analyzing the ternary marginal effect of environmental regulation on export trade.The research of this paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter combines with the relevant research background to put forward the research ideas of this paper; the second chapter summarizes the domestic and foreign related research progress from the trade effect of environmental regulation and the marginal of export trade.The third chapter explains the influence mechanism of environmental regulation on the marginal of export trade by using relevant theories, the fourth chapter analyzes the current situation of environmental regulation and export trade in China as a whole.The fifth chapter analyzes the ternary marginal effect of environmental regulation on export trade, and the sixth chapter analyzes the conclusion of the research based on theory and empirical analysis, and puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.In the theoretical research part, the author analyzes how the environmental regulation based on the enterprise behavior choice mechanism affects a country's export trade margin with the help of HMR model.As far as economic logic is concerned, the main function of environmental regulation is to promote the internalization of environmental cost, to make private cost consistent with social cost, and to realize the maximization of social welfare.From the static point of view, the increase of marginal cost of production caused by internalization of environmental cost will urge enterprises to reduce the scale of production and reduce the marginal amount of export. In addition, the threshold of export is raised and the marginal margin of export expansion decreases.From a dynamic point of view, environmental regulation will encourage enterprises to innovate to compensate for the loss caused by rising production costs. Through technological innovation, enterprises can increase productivity and reduce production costs, and the export threshold of enterprises will be lowered.At the same time, product technological innovation is helpful to improve product quality, expand profit margin and increase export price margin.In the part of empirical research, this paper uses the method of Hummels and Klenowan 2005 to divide the scale of China's export into three aspects: expanded marginal, quantitative marginal and price marginal.The comprehensive utilization ratio of solid waste from 32 industrial industries in 2001-2014 was taken as the measure of environmental regulation, and the average scale of industry and the density of R & D were added to the model.Capital density and labor productivity are used as control variables for econometric analysis.The regression results show that the increase of environmental regulation intensity can obviously restrain the margin of quantity, but it can promote the margin of expansion and the margin of price to some extent, and the ternary marginal effect of export trade of environmental regulation is obviously different in industry.Environmental regulation positively affects the expansion margin and the price margin of the low pollution industry, but only positively affects the price margin of the high pollution industry, but has little effect on the expansion margin.Generally speaking, strengthening environmental regulation will restrain the margin of export quantity to a certain extent, but it will encourage enterprises to focus on developing new products and improving product quality, which is beneficial to the optimization of export trade structure in China.Based on the research conclusions, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions from the aspects of environmental regulation and sustainable development of export trade.While enriching the means of environmental regulation and perfecting the policy of environmental regulation, we should strive to encourage enterprises to innovate, perfect the protection of intellectual property and promote the development of environmental protection industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F752.62

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