本文選題：利益相關(guān)者　切入點(diǎn)：關(guān)系　出處：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本文基于對(duì)日常生活中問題的發(fā)現(xiàn)以及對(duì)自己兩年來研究方向的理解，，受到參與過的多個(gè)實(shí)際項(xiàng)目的啟發(fā)，原創(chuàng)完成本文的理論研究與設(shè)計(jì)提案。關(guān)注到在購物形式空前豐富的當(dāng)今社會(huì)，作為都市百姓生活重要組成部分的大型超市存在諸多問題，每逢購物高峰大型超市的收銀處總是排起長長的隊(duì)伍，結(jié)算環(huán)節(jié)已然成為超市購物流程中的最大痛點(diǎn)。此時(shí)急需設(shè)計(jì)師介入，通過設(shè)計(jì)解決大型超市服務(wù)流程以及收銀環(huán)節(jié)的問題以提高整體購物體驗(yàn)，使以大型超市為主的實(shí)體零售行業(yè)可以順應(yīng)時(shí)代的進(jìn)步。 設(shè)計(jì)要“以人為本”。在很多實(shí)際設(shè)計(jì)案例中“人”不是單一的個(gè)體而是多個(gè)對(duì)象，設(shè)計(jì)師要基于人與人的關(guān)系去完成設(shè)計(jì)。利益相關(guān)者關(guān)系的相關(guān)理論正是一種可以幫助設(shè)計(jì)師宏觀、全面了解系統(tǒng)內(nèi)外會(huì)影響到系統(tǒng)或受系統(tǒng)影響的個(gè)人或群體的理論。受個(gè)人興趣和導(dǎo)師影響等因素，作者將利益相關(guān)者相關(guān)的理論知識(shí)結(jié)合自己的理解，應(yīng)用在設(shè)計(jì)中解決實(shí)際的問題，多角度地考慮設(shè)計(jì)中“人”的要素，使設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果盡量做到思考全面。 本文的研究步驟可以歸納為“基于理論進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐；調(diào)研在先設(shè)計(jì)在后”。作者依次對(duì)以下內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了研究與設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐：對(duì)利益相關(guān)者關(guān)系的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和研究；如何將利益相關(guān)者關(guān)系的理論應(yīng)用在設(shè)計(jì)的不同階段；全面針對(duì)研究對(duì)象--大型超市中利益相關(guān)者需求進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)研，并發(fā)現(xiàn)問題；基于利益相關(guān)者關(guān)系的研究方法對(duì)大型超市收銀系統(tǒng)和服務(wù)流程做設(shè)計(jì)探索；設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)出一系列大型超市收銀系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品以及全新的大型超市購物與結(jié)算服務(wù)流程。總體來講，設(shè)計(jì)最大的創(chuàng)新之處在于通過產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)取代大部分冗雜的人工作業(yè)、降低超市對(duì)人力資源的依賴；通過降低某些利益相關(guān)者在系統(tǒng)中的分量并適當(dāng)調(diào)整利益相關(guān)者之間的關(guān)系以達(dá)到流程的優(yōu)化和整體服務(wù)的提升。論文所得到的的結(jié)論包括：基于利益相關(guān)者關(guān)系的設(shè)計(jì)研究方法有助于設(shè)計(jì)過程中對(duì)“人”進(jìn)行全面的思考;在設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)研和設(shè)計(jì)提案過程中，始終從多方利益者的角度進(jìn)行宏觀衡量有利于得到最優(yōu)的解決方案。
[Abstract]:Based on the discovery of problems in daily life and my understanding of the direction of my research over the past two years, this paper is inspired by many practical projects I have participated in. Original completion of the theoretical research and design proposal of this article. Attention is paid to the many problems existing in the supermarket, which is an important part of the life of the urban people in today's society, where shopping forms are unprecedentedly abundant. At the peak of the shopping season, there is always a long line at the cashier's office, and the settlement process has become the biggest pain in the supermarket's shopping process. Designers are in urgent need of intervention at this time. By designing and solving the problems of service flow and cash register in large supermarkets, the overall shopping experience can be improved, so that the real retail industry, which is dominated by large supermarkets, can adapt to the progress of the times. Design should be "people-oriented." in many practical design cases, "human" is not a single individual but multiple objects. Designers should complete the design based on the relationship between people. The relevant theory of stakeholder relationship is a kind of theory that can help the designer macroscopically. A comprehensive understanding of theories within and outside the system that can affect the system or the individuals or groups affected by the system. Influenced by factors such as personal interest and mentors, the author combines the relevant theoretical knowledge of stakeholders with his own understanding. In order to solve the practical problems in design and consider the elements of "human" in design from many angles, the design results can be considered as comprehensively as possible. The research steps of this paper can be summed up as "design practice based on theory; design before investigation". The author studies and designs the following contents in turn: study and study the relevant theory of stakeholder relationship; How to apply the theory of stakeholder relationship to different stages of design, to design and investigate the needs of stakeholders in large supermarkets, and to find out the problems; The research method based on stakeholder relationship is to design and explore the cash register system and service flow of large supermarkets; to design and produce a series of large supermarket cash register system products as well as a new large supermarket shopping and settlement service flow. The biggest innovation of design is to replace most of the miscellaneous manual work by product design, and reduce the dependence of supermarket on human resources; By reducing the weight of some stakeholders in the system and adjusting the relationships between stakeholders appropriately to achieve process optimization and overall service enhancement. The conclusions of the paper include: stakeholder based on stakeholders. The design research method of the Department is helpful to the overall thinking of "human" in the process of design. In the process of design research and design proposal, it is advantageous to obtain the optimal solution by macro measurement from the perspective of multiple stakeholders.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：F721.7

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本文編號(hào)：1581991