中國(guó)建設(shè)銀行吉林省分行中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-24 13:25
【摘要】：建設(shè)銀行作為大型國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行，近年來(lái)，將中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)作為戰(zhàn)略性業(yè)務(wù)重點(diǎn)發(fā)展。然而中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)的“高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”與商業(yè)銀行“安全性”原則有較大的矛盾。建設(shè)銀行傳統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)是做“大行業(yè)、大企業(yè)”，涉足中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)間較短，目前對(duì)中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理基本執(zhí)行與大客戶(hù)相同的傳統(tǒng)管理模式，，即從客戶(hù)申請(qǐng)貸款開(kāi)始對(duì)客戶(hù)進(jìn)行信用評(píng)級(jí)、額度授信、信貸審批、貸后管理、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分類(lèi)與預(yù)警等。無(wú)論從評(píng)級(jí)模型、審批、到貸后管理，仍未脫胎大企業(yè)特點(diǎn)，前后臺(tái)偏好背離，人力資源投入大，而不良貸款管控壓力日益突出�？梢哉f(shuō)，如何提高中小企業(yè)信貸管理的效率，降低放貸業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)成為建設(shè)銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)管理的核心。中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理是決定建設(shè)銀行中小企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)能否健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵。 本文通過(guò)借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外先進(jìn)銀行中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的理論、技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)建設(shè)銀行中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)面臨的各類(lèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，提出授信管理的關(guān)鍵風(fēng)險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)，結(jié)合對(duì)建設(shè)銀行吉林省分行授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理現(xiàn)狀的分析與評(píng)價(jià)，有針對(duì)性的提出改進(jìn)和優(yōu)化中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的具體對(duì)策與措施，一是優(yōu)化中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理。運(yùn)用中小企業(yè)評(píng)分卡作為內(nèi)部評(píng)級(jí)工具，對(duì)中小企業(yè)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行計(jì)量與評(píng)估；加強(qiáng)抵質(zhì)押品等擔(dān)保措施管理，通過(guò)各類(lèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)緩釋手段降低信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)損失；優(yōu)化中小企業(yè)貸款定價(jià)管理，確保收益覆蓋風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。二是完善中授信業(yè)務(wù)操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理。完善風(fēng)險(xiǎn)集成的信貸管理，將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理集成到信貸管理的全流程中，即作用于單一授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理流程的每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，如授信調(diào)查、信用評(píng)價(jià)（授信內(nèi)部評(píng)級(jí)、授信盡職審查）、授信審批、貸后監(jiān)管（包括貸款收回、不良資產(chǎn)管理）。同時(shí)，也是組合信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的基石，從而提升信貸業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理水平。三是健全與中小企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)聯(lián)動(dòng)的內(nèi)控體系管理。采用中小企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)批量處理的“信貸工廠”模式，制定更為詳盡的貸款管理操作規(guī)程，以及借鑒國(guó)外銀行的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 同時(shí)，為建行吉林省分行中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理得以有效實(shí)施，本文提出要提供四個(gè)方面的保障。一是加強(qiáng)社會(huì)誠(chéng)信體系建設(shè)。建立完善政策法規(guī)體系，促進(jìn)信用數(shù)據(jù)的市場(chǎng)化，不斷完善誠(chéng)信評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制，促進(jìn)誠(chéng)信激勵(lì)機(jī)制建設(shè)；二是建立業(yè)務(wù)監(jiān)督、激勵(lì)與處罰機(jī)制；三是建立專(zhuān)業(yè)化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理系統(tǒng)；四是建立專(zhuān)業(yè)化的從業(yè)人員隊(duì)伍。 本文各項(xiàng)研究結(jié)論的得出，對(duì)于探索適用于中小企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理模式，提升管理水平和服務(wù)水平，降低成本，控制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，加強(qiáng)建設(shè)銀行吉林省分行中小企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理水平具有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:Construction Bank as a large-scale state-owned commercial bank, in recent years, small and medium-sized business as a strategic business development. However, the "high risk" and the "safety" principle of small and medium-sized enterprises are in conflict with those of commercial banks. The traditional business of China Construction Bank is to do "big industry, big enterprise", and it has been involved in small and medium-sized enterprises for a short period of time. At present, it basically implements the same traditional management mode as large customers for the risk management of the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises. That is, credit rating, credit quota, credit approval, post-loan management, risk classification and early warning, etc. No matter from rating model, examination and approval, to management after loan, the characteristics of large enterprises are still not born, the backstage preference deviates, the human resource investment is large, and the pressure of non-performing loan management is increasingly prominent. It can be said that how to improve the efficiency of SME credit management and reduce the risk of lending business has become the core of CCB management. The risk management of SME credit business is the key to the healthy and sustainable development of SME credit business in China Construction Bank. Based on the theory, technology and experience of credit business risk management in advanced banks at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the key risk points of credit management for all kinds of risks faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in China Construction Bank. Based on the analysis and evaluation of risk management of credit business in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank, the paper puts forward specific countermeasures and measures to improve and optimize the risk management of credit business in small and medium-sized enterprises. First, optimize the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises. Using the small and medium-sized enterprise score card as the internal rating tool to measure and evaluate the credit risk of the small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthen the management of the guarantee measures such as the pledge, and reduce the loss of the credit risk through all kinds of risk mitigation methods. Optimize loan pricing management to ensure income coverage risk. Second, improve the operational risk management of credit business. Perfect the credit management of risk integration, integrate risk management into the whole process of credit management, that is, act on every link of the risk management process of single credit business, such as credit survey, credit evaluation (internal rating of credit, internal credit rating, etc. Credit due diligence), credit approval, post-loan supervision (including loan recovery, bad assets management). At the same time, it is the cornerstone of portfolio credit risk management to improve the risk management level of credit business. Third, improve the internal control system management of risk linkage with small and medium enterprises. Adopting the "credit factory" mode of batch processing of small and medium-sized enterprises, formulating more detailed operation rules of loan management, and drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign banks. At the same time, in order to effectively implement the risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank, this paper puts forward four aspects of protection. First, strengthen the construction of social credit system. To establish and perfect the system of policies and regulations, to promote the marketization of credit data, to improve the evaluation mechanism of honesty and credit, to promote the construction of incentive mechanism of honesty, to establish the mechanism of business supervision, incentive and punishment, and to establish a specialized risk management system. Fourth, the establishment of a professional workforce of practitioners. The conclusion of each research in this paper is to explore the risk management model suitable for the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises, to improve the management level and service level, to reduce the cost and to control the risk. It is significant to strengthen the risk management level of SME credit business in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.2;F276.3
本文編號(hào)：2390680
[Abstract]:Construction Bank as a large-scale state-owned commercial bank, in recent years, small and medium-sized business as a strategic business development. However, the "high risk" and the "safety" principle of small and medium-sized enterprises are in conflict with those of commercial banks. The traditional business of China Construction Bank is to do "big industry, big enterprise", and it has been involved in small and medium-sized enterprises for a short period of time. At present, it basically implements the same traditional management mode as large customers for the risk management of the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises. That is, credit rating, credit quota, credit approval, post-loan management, risk classification and early warning, etc. No matter from rating model, examination and approval, to management after loan, the characteristics of large enterprises are still not born, the backstage preference deviates, the human resource investment is large, and the pressure of non-performing loan management is increasingly prominent. It can be said that how to improve the efficiency of SME credit management and reduce the risk of lending business has become the core of CCB management. The risk management of SME credit business is the key to the healthy and sustainable development of SME credit business in China Construction Bank. Based on the theory, technology and experience of credit business risk management in advanced banks at home and abroad, this paper puts forward the key risk points of credit management for all kinds of risks faced by small and medium-sized enterprises in China Construction Bank. Based on the analysis and evaluation of risk management of credit business in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank, the paper puts forward specific countermeasures and measures to improve and optimize the risk management of credit business in small and medium-sized enterprises. First, optimize the credit risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises. Using the small and medium-sized enterprise score card as the internal rating tool to measure and evaluate the credit risk of the small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthen the management of the guarantee measures such as the pledge, and reduce the loss of the credit risk through all kinds of risk mitigation methods. Optimize loan pricing management to ensure income coverage risk. Second, improve the operational risk management of credit business. Perfect the credit management of risk integration, integrate risk management into the whole process of credit management, that is, act on every link of the risk management process of single credit business, such as credit survey, credit evaluation (internal rating of credit, internal credit rating, etc. Credit due diligence), credit approval, post-loan supervision (including loan recovery, bad assets management). At the same time, it is the cornerstone of portfolio credit risk management to improve the risk management level of credit business. Third, improve the internal control system management of risk linkage with small and medium enterprises. Adopting the "credit factory" mode of batch processing of small and medium-sized enterprises, formulating more detailed operation rules of loan management, and drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign banks. At the same time, in order to effectively implement the risk management of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank, this paper puts forward four aspects of protection. First, strengthen the construction of social credit system. To establish and perfect the system of policies and regulations, to promote the marketization of credit data, to improve the evaluation mechanism of honesty and credit, to promote the construction of incentive mechanism of honesty, to establish the mechanism of business supervision, incentive and punishment, and to establish a specialized risk management system. Fourth, the establishment of a professional workforce of practitioners. The conclusion of each research in this paper is to explore the risk management model suitable for the credit business of small and medium-sized enterprises, to improve the management level and service level, to reduce the cost and to control the risk. It is significant to strengthen the risk management level of SME credit business in Jilin Branch of China Construction Bank.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.2;F276.3
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 張乘勝;;城商行中小企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理探析——以萊商銀行為例[J];銀行家;2011年05期
2 章彰;;“巴塞爾協(xié)議Ⅲ”下的中小企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理[J];銀行家;2011年07期
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