本文選題：小微企業(yè) + 融資　； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,在中央和地方各級政府的大力扶植下,我國小微企業(yè)的發(fā)展取得了令人矚目的成績。小微企業(yè)雖然經(jīng)營規(guī)模較小,但卻為數(shù)眾多,滲透在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的方方面面。小微企業(yè)在創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會、維持社會穩(wěn)定、增加收入、改善民生、促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等方面都發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。因此黨中央、國務(wù)院在“十二五規(guī)劃”中將大力扶植小微企業(yè)發(fā)展作為一項重要任務(wù),作為促進(jìn)我國社會經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要一環(huán),各級政府對小微企業(yè)的發(fā)展都十分重視。銀行業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要支柱,理應(yīng)采取有力措施,配合各級政府積極穩(wěn)妥地完成這項艱巨的任務(wù)。 中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速成長帶給小微企業(yè)更多發(fā)展機(jī)遇,但不容否認(rèn)的是,目前我國小微企業(yè)的發(fā)展仍顯得舉步維艱,發(fā)展瓶頸逐漸顯現(xiàn)。對于小微企業(yè)而言,其最大需求,同時也是最大困難的就是融資需求。然而小微企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)卻一直沒有成為銀行業(yè)務(wù)的重點。眾多銀行出于防范風(fēng)險和從維護(hù)已有大客戶業(yè)務(wù)關(guān)系角度出發(fā),紛紛減少了小微企業(yè)貸款金額,甚至停止放款。因此,開展商業(yè)銀行支持小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的對策研究對于我國小微企業(yè)融資服務(wù)體系的建設(shè),具有重要意義。本文以A銀行為例,從商業(yè)銀行的角度來研究對小微企業(yè)的金融支持對策,即融資對策,有助于小微企業(yè)融資體系的建設(shè)。 論文一共分為五個部分。第一部分為本文的研究背景和意義。指出開展商業(yè)銀行支持小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的對策研究對于我國小微企業(yè)融資服務(wù)體系的建設(shè),具有重要意義。第二部分為小微企業(yè)融資體系分析。對小微企業(yè)融資體系進(jìn)行了簡要的介紹,對我國小微企業(yè)融資現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析。第三部分,A銀行小微企業(yè)金融業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀分析。在本章中,對A銀行以及A銀行小微企業(yè)金融業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展概況進(jìn)行了介紹。分析了A銀行支持小微企業(yè)發(fā)展中的問題。在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長放緩、貨幣政策緊縮的宏觀不利因素下,小微企業(yè)自身信用不佳,經(jīng)營不穩(wěn)定,還款拖欠率高,抵押物缺乏、信譽(yù)不佳,財務(wù)制度不健全；商業(yè)銀行自身也存在著問題：沒有根據(jù)小微企業(yè)的特點設(shè)計評級標(biāo)準(zhǔn),與大中型企業(yè)共用一個評級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。風(fēng)險防范措施單一,制約了小微企業(yè)的融資業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展。第四部分,A銀行促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的策略及建議。城市中小商業(yè)要轉(zhuǎn)變思想觀念,創(chuàng)新信貸管理制度,新信貸技術(shù),創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品設(shè)計,提供專有金融服務(wù),加強(qiáng)小微企業(yè)信用風(fēng)險管理,更好地支持小微企業(yè)融資。此外,還對A銀行實施促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)發(fā)展策略的效果做了分析。A銀行出臺了專門針對小微企業(yè)的信貸流程,實施規(guī)范化、流程化管理。通過建立經(jīng)常性走訪調(diào)研制度、搭建溝通平臺,為銀行更好地扶植小微企業(yè)提供了可靠的參考依據(jù)。為適應(yīng)小微企業(yè)狀況,合理、高效授信,A銀行打破原只注重報表審查的傳統(tǒng)模式,引入定性分析,將企業(yè)主要經(jīng)營者從業(yè)經(jīng)驗、專業(yè)技術(shù)水平、個人信譽(yù)程度、行業(yè)發(fā)展?jié)摿εc財務(wù)報表的定量評價同等納入審查范圍,綜合分析企業(yè)的盈利能力、發(fā)展?jié)摿惋L(fēng)險程度。A銀行還針對小微企業(yè)特點重新設(shè)計審批機(jī)制,簡化了貸款審批環(huán)節(jié)由能夠幫助小微企業(yè)快速獲得貸款,對300萬以下的小企業(yè)融資審批,在不超過三個工作日內(nèi)即可完成。除此之外,還根據(jù)小微企業(yè)和小微企業(yè)主的特點提供專屬金融服務(wù),為廣大小微企業(yè)主、個體工商戶專屬搭建一個貸款易、成本低、一站式服務(wù)、電子化渠道的全面、便捷的金融服務(wù)平臺。采取縮短貸款時間,簡化貸款流程,借款、還款一卡辦理,按天計息,節(jié)約小微企業(yè)融資成本,一站式服務(wù)。在A銀行的支持下,L市的小微企業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)越做越大,A銀行自身也不斷發(fā)展壯大,實現(xiàn)了雙贏。第五部分,論文的總結(jié)。在本章中,對論文進(jìn)行了總結(jié),并指出了論文的不足和研究展望。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of small and micro enterprises in China has made remarkable achievements under the support of central and local governments at all levels. Small and micro enterprises, though small in scale, are numerous and permeated in all aspects of the national economy. Small and micro enterprises are creating employment opportunities, maintaining social stability, increasing income, improving people's livelihood, promoting the people's livelihood, and promoting the country. The Central Committee of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in the "12th Five-Year plan" will make great efforts to foster the development of small and micro enterprises as an important task. As an important part of promoting the social and economic transformation and realizing the healthy and sustainable economic development of our country, the governments at all levels are very important to the development of small and micro enterprises. Paying attention to the banking industry as an important pillar of the national economy, we should take effective measures to cooperate with the governments at all levels to complete this arduous task actively and safely.
The rapid growth of China's economy has brought more opportunities for small and micro enterprises, but it is undeniable that the development of small and micro enterprises in China is still difficult and developing bottlenecks. For small and micro enterprises, the biggest demand, but also the biggest difficulty is the financial demand. However, the credit business of small and micro enterprises has not been a long time. As the focus of banking business, many banks have reduced the loan amount of small and micro enterprises in order to guard against risks and maintain the business relations of existing large customers. Therefore, it is important to carry out the Countermeasures of commercial banks to support the development of small and micro enterprises for the construction of the financing service system of small and micro enterprises in China. This paper, taking the A bank as an example, studies the financial support countermeasures for small and micro enterprises from the perspective of commercial banks, that is, the financing countermeasures, which will help the construction of the financing system of small and micro enterprises.
The thesis is divided into five parts. The first part is the research background and significance of this paper. It is pointed out that the research on the Countermeasures of commercial banks to support the development of small and micro enterprises is of great significance to the construction of the financing service system of small and micro enterprises in China. The second part is the analysis of the financing system of small and micro enterprises. The financing system of small and micro enterprises is briefly introduced. The present situation of the financing of small and micro enterprises in China is analyzed. The third part is the analysis of the current situation of the financial business development of A bank small and micro enterprises. In this chapter, the general situation of the financial business development of the A bank and the A bank small and micro enterprises is introduced. The problems of the A bank in the development of the small and micro enterprises are analyzed. The economic growth slows down, and the monetary policy is used. Under the macro adverse factors of austerity, small and micro enterprises have poor credit, unstable operation, high arrears of repayment, lack of mortgages, poor reputation, and unsound financial system. The commercial banks themselves also have problems: it is not based on the characteristics of small and micro enterprises to design rating standards, and share a rating standard with large and medium-sized enterprises. The single application restricts the development of the financing business of small and micro enterprises. The fourth part, the strategies and suggestions for A bank to promote the development of small and micro enterprises. Small and medium-sized cities should change their ideas, innovate credit management system, new credit technology, innovate product design, provide proprietary financial services, strengthen credit risk management of small and micro enterprises, and better support small and small enterprises. In addition, the effect of A bank to promote the development strategy of small and micro enterprises was also analyzed..A bank introduced the credit process for small and micro enterprises, implemented standardization and process management. Through the establishment of a regular visit research system, a communication platform was set up to provide a reliable reference for the bank to better support small and micro enterprises. In order to adapt to the situation of small and micro enterprises, reasonable and efficient credit, A bank breaks the traditional mode of paying attention to the report review, introduces the qualitative analysis, and integrates the experience of the main business operators, the professional technology level, the personal reputation, the development potential of the industry and the quantitative evaluation of the financial statements, and analyzes the enterprise comprehensively. Profitability, development potential and risk level,.A bank also redesigns the examination and approval mechanism for the characteristics of small and micro enterprises, simplifies the loan approval link to help small and micro enterprises to obtain loans quickly, to approve the financing for small enterprises under 3 million, which can be completed within three working days. In addition, it is also based on small and micro enterprises and small micro enterprises. The characteristics of the business owners provide special financial services for the small and micro enterprises, and the individual industrial and commercial households are specially set up a loan easy, low cost, one-stop service, a comprehensive and convenient financial service platform for electronic channels. It is necessary to shorten the loan time, simplify the loan process, borrow money, and repay a card, and save the small and micro enterprise financing according to the day. Cost, one-stop service. Under the support of A bank, the business of small and micro enterprises in L city is getting bigger and bigger, A bank itself is also growing and growing. The fifth part is a summary of the paper. In this chapter, the paper is summarized, and the deficiency of the paper and the research show are pointed out.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F272;F276.3;F832.3

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