本文關鍵詞： 境外戰(zhàn)略投資者 城市商業(yè)銀行 績效　出處：《山東大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：2001年12月11日,中國正式加入世界貿(mào)易組織,開始全面履行“入世”承諾,逐步取消境外金融機構(gòu)開展業(yè)務的地域限制以及其他非審慎性限制,并最終在五年過渡期結(jié)束后對外資銀行實行國民待遇。在此背景下,外資銀行紛紛加快在我國的戰(zhàn)略布局,分享我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的紅利。2003年中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督委員會成立。為應對“入世”的挑戰(zhàn),監(jiān)管層開啟和推動了新一輪的銀行業(yè)改革。在監(jiān)管層的鼓勵和推動下,交通銀行、中國建設銀行、中國銀行、中國工商銀行先后通過“注資——財務重組——引進外資——公開上市”的方式進行改革,引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者成為其中關鍵的一環(huán)。引資之后,國有商業(yè)銀行的資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量、創(chuàng)新能力、盈利能力和國際競爭力明顯提升,其他大型股份制商業(yè)銀行紛紛跟進。面對外資銀行、國有銀行和大型股份制銀行的競爭,脫胎于城市合作信用社的城市商業(yè)銀行面臨著巨大的改革壓力。為迅速充實資本金,化解金融風險,提升風險管控能力和金融創(chuàng)新能力,部分城市商業(yè)銀行開始向境外戰(zhàn)略投資者伸出“橄欖枝”,尋求通過與境外金融機構(gòu)的“聯(lián)姻”,以股權(quán)換機制、換技術(shù)、換管理,希望在短期內(nèi)迅速提升銀行的綜合實力,以應對愈來愈嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。 對于引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者推動我國銀行業(yè)改革,國內(nèi)學界一直爭議不斷。部分學者對此予以高度評價,認為引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者充實了銀行資本金,降低了不良貸款率,提高了風險管控能力和金融創(chuàng)新能力,顯著提升了銀行的綜合競爭力。反對者則對引入境外戰(zhàn)略投資者者的必要性提出質(zhì)疑,認為存在“國有股權(quán)賤賣”的風險,并有可能威脅到我國的金融安全,同時,對引資的效果也表示懷疑。但是,這些爭論大多圍繞著關系國家經(jīng)濟命脈和金融安全的大型國有商業(yè)銀行和股份制商業(yè)銀行,對城市商業(yè)銀行缺乏必要的關注。由于城市商業(yè)銀行的數(shù)據(jù)獲取難度較大,對其戰(zhàn)略引資效果的研究多停留在個案研究的微觀層面,缺乏對引資城市商業(yè)銀行整體的研究和分析。 基于此,本文基于2012年底前完成首次戰(zhàn)略引資的17家城市商業(yè)銀行基本情況,采用規(guī)范分析和實證分析相結(jié)合的方法,運用計量分析工具,對城市商業(yè)銀行引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者的效果進行較為深入和系統(tǒng)的分析。 本文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排如下： 本文的第一章是緒論。簡要闡述了本文選題的意義和背景、本文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排和研究方法以及創(chuàng)新與不足。 第二章對城市商業(yè)銀行和境外戰(zhàn)略投資者的概念進行了界定,并從金融安全、股權(quán)定價、引資效果等方面對國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)有文獻進行了歸納、概述。 第三章系統(tǒng)地剖析了城市商業(yè)銀行引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者的背景,分析了引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者的現(xiàn)狀和呈現(xiàn)出的特點,并以此為基礎分析了城市商業(yè)銀行引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者可能存在的問題。 第四章是本文的落腳點。在前期規(guī)范分析的基礎上,利用2012年底前完成首次引進戰(zhàn)略投資者的17家城市商業(yè)銀行在首次引資前、后各三年的數(shù)據(jù),從安全性、盈利性和創(chuàng)新性三個方面全面考察城市商業(yè)銀行引進境外戰(zhàn)略投資者的效果。實證結(jié)果表明：境外戰(zhàn)略投資者入股后,城市商業(yè)銀行的資本充足率顯著提升,資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量顯著改善,經(jīng)營效率和盈利能力顯著提高,但業(yè)務機構(gòu)和創(chuàng)新能力的變化并不顯著。 最后是本文的研究結(jié)論和在此基礎上提出的政策建議。
[Abstract]:In December 11, 2001, Chinese formally joined the world trade organization, began full implementation of WTO commitments, geographical restrictions gradually cancel the overseas financial institutions to carry out business and other non Prudential restrictions, and finally in the five years after the end of the transition period of the implementation of national treatment of foreign banks. Under this background, foreign banks have accelerated the strategic layout in me the share of China's economic development in Chinese dividend.2003 Banking Regulatory Commission was established. In order to cope with the challenge of entering WTO, regulators opening and promote a new round of reform of the banking sector. The bank regulators in the encouragement and promotion, and Construction Bank, Chinese China bank, ICBC has passed "the reform of the financial restructuring funds -- the introduction of foreign capital, publicly listed", the introduction of foreign strategic investors is one of the key problems. After the investment, China A commercial bank asset quality and innovation ability, improve profitability and international competitiveness, other large joint-stock commercial banks have to follow up. In the face of foreign banks, large state-owned banks and joint-stock bank competition, city commercial banks from city credit cooperative is facing tremendous pressure for reform. As the rapid capital defuse financial risks, improve risk control ability and financial innovation, some city commercial banks began to foreign strategic investors olive branch, seeks with the overseas financial institutions "marriage", equity exchange mechanism for technology, change management, want to quickly enhance the comprehensive strength of banks in the short term, to deal with the more and more severe challenges.
For the introduction of foreign strategic investors to promote the reform of China's banking industry, the domestic academia has been controversial. Some scholars highly appreciates that the introduction of foreign strategic investors to enrich the bank capital, reduce the rate of bad loans, improve the risk management ability and financial innovation ability, improve the comprehensive competitiveness of the bank's opponents. It is necessary to introduce foreign strategic investors questioned, think there is a risk of state-owned equity sale ", and a threat to the financial security of our country, at the same time, the promotion effect also expressed doubts. However, these arguments mainly focus on national economy and financial security of the large state-owned commercial banks and the joint-stock commercial banks, the lack of necessary attention to city commercial banks. The city commercial bank data difficult to obtain investment effect on its strategy The research is mostly on the micro level of case study, and it lacks the research and analysis of the whole city commercial bank.
Based on this, this paper based on the completion of the first strategic investment 17 city commercial banks basic situation before the end of 2012, using the method of combining normative analysis and empirical analysis, using quantitative analysis tools, analyze deeply and systematically on the introduction of foreign strategic investors of city commercial banks.
The structure of this article is as follows:
The first chapter of this article is the introduction, which briefly expounds the significance and background of this topic, the structure and research method of this article, and the innovation and deficiency.
The second chapter defines the concept of urban commercial banks and overseas strategic investors, and summarizes the existing literatures both at home and abroad from the aspects of financial safety, equity pricing and attracting investment effect.
The third chapter systematically analyzes the background of the introduction of foreign strategic investors by city commercial banks, analyzes the present situation and characteristics of the introduction of overseas strategic investors, and based on this, analyzes the possible problems of the introduction of foreign strategic investors by city commercial banks.
The fourth chapter is the foothold of this paper. Based on the previous normative analysis, the completion of the first introduction of strategic investors, the 17 city commercial banks in the capital for the first time before the end of 2012, after three years of data from the three aspects of safety, profitability and innovation of comprehensive study of city commercial banks to introduce foreign strategic investors results. The empirical results show that foreign strategic investors in shares, the city commercial bank's capital adequacy ratio increased significantly, significantly improve the quality of assets, business efficiency and profitability improved significantly, but the change of business organization and innovation ability is not significant.
Finally, it is the conclusion of this paper and the policy suggestions on this basis.

【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.6;F832.33

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