【摘要】：自我國(guó)1978年實(shí)施改革開放以來，服務(wù)業(yè)逐步在我國(guó)發(fā)達(dá)城市萌發(fā)、擴(kuò)展，逐漸成為社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要成分。特別自中國(guó)加入WTO以來，我國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易進(jìn)出口總額連年遞增，隨著貿(mào)易自由化進(jìn)程的加快，中國(guó)正逐漸步入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易體系之中，正向一個(gè)名副其實(shí)的貿(mào)易大國(guó)邁進(jìn)。雖然中國(guó)的服務(wù)貿(mào)易取得了快速發(fā)展，但是與美國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家有一定差距，且貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，特別是知識(shí)和技術(shù)密集的專有權(quán)利使用和特許、金融、咨詢、計(jì)算機(jī)和信息等生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力較弱，而與生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易密切相關(guān)的制造業(yè)技術(shù)水平低、加工能力低、始終處于產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端環(huán)節(jié)，這導(dǎo)致我國(guó)的制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品也以低技術(shù)含量和低附加值為主要特征，而此時(shí)國(guó)際上許多發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)大量出口，生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資不斷擴(kuò)張，這勢(shì)必對(duì)我國(guó)制造業(yè)的發(fā)展和結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)帶來影響。因此研究服務(wù)貿(mào)易自由化對(duì)我國(guó)制造業(yè)出口規(guī)模的影響具有重要的意義。 本文以服務(wù)貿(mào)易中的生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易和工業(yè)制成品出口貿(mào)易為研究對(duì)象，從理論和實(shí)證的角度分析了生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易進(jìn)口對(duì)我國(guó)工業(yè)制成品出口的影響。首先論述了國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了我國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易、生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易和工業(yè)制成品的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。接著，本文從理論的角度研究了生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易對(duì)我國(guó)工業(yè)制成品出口的影響機(jī)制，分別從分工與專業(yè)化的影響機(jī)制、生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)FDI的影響機(jī)制、跨境生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易的影響機(jī)制、制度效應(yīng)的影響機(jī)制和規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響機(jī)制這5個(gè)方面進(jìn)行研究。最后通過建立多元線性回歸方程，從實(shí)證的角度證明服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)我國(guó)制成品出口的影響，， 結(jié)果顯示近年來我國(guó)的服務(wù)貿(mào)易、生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)貿(mào)易和工業(yè)制成品發(fā)展迅速，進(jìn)出口額增長(zhǎng)較快，特別是中國(guó)加入世界貿(mào)易組織之后，增長(zhǎng)更明顯。但是我國(guó)的服務(wù)貿(mào)易也存在一些問題，由于我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)起步晚，早些年發(fā)展緩慢，導(dǎo)致我國(guó)的服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平要低于西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，這主要表現(xiàn)在運(yùn)輸、保險(xiǎn)、金融、專有權(quán)利使用費(fèi)和特許費(fèi)等行業(yè)常年處于逆差，并且逆差的程度越來越大；不過通訊、計(jì)算機(jī)和信息服務(wù)業(yè)、咨詢業(yè)和廣告宣傳這些行業(yè)發(fā)展迅速，由逆差轉(zhuǎn)為順差。我國(guó)工業(yè)制成品出口額也是逐年增多，其中，機(jī)械及運(yùn)輸設(shè)備出口規(guī)模最大，且增長(zhǎng)幅度最快，工業(yè)制成品的出口趨勢(shì)表現(xiàn)為由勞動(dòng)密集型逐漸向資本技術(shù)密集型轉(zhuǎn)變。實(shí)證分析的研究結(jié)果顯示生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)進(jìn)口額對(duì)我國(guó)工業(yè)制成品出口有正向的顯著影響，并且其對(duì)資本密集型和勞動(dòng)密集型制造業(yè)出口也具有正向顯著影響，但是相對(duì)與制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力成本來說，其影響并不大，說明我國(guó)生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)水平和技術(shù)水平仍有待提高�；谏鲜鲅芯拷Y(jié)果，本文提出了加快生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)及其貿(mào)易發(fā)展的相關(guān)政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of reform and opening up in 1978, service industry has gradually sprouted and expanded in the developed cities of China, and has become an important part of social economy. Although China's trade in services has made rapid progress, it still lags behind developed countries such as the United States and has an unreasonable trade structure, especially the use and licensing of knowledge-and technology-intensive exclusive rights, the competitiveness of productive services such as finance, consultation, computers and information is relatively weak. Productive service trade is closely related to the manufacturing technology level is low, processing capacity is low, always in the low-end link of the industrial chain, which leads to China's manufacturing products are also characterized by low technology content and low added value. At this time, many developed countries in the world export a large number of productive services, producer services Foreign Direct Investment is not. This will inevitably have an impact on the development and structural upgrading of China's manufacturing industry. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the impact of service trade liberalization on the export scale of China's manufacturing industry.
This paper takes the trade in productive services and the export trade of manufactured goods in service trade as the research object, analyzes the influence of the import of productive services on the export of manufactured goods in China from the theoretical and empirical point of view. First, it discusses the research status at home and abroad, and then analyzes the trade in services and the trade in productive services in China. Then, from the theoretical point of view, this paper studies the impact mechanism of producer services trade on China's industrial manufactured goods export, including the impact mechanism of division of labor and specialization, the impact mechanism of producer services FDI, the impact mechanism of cross-border producer services trade, the impact mechanism and regulation of institutional effect. Finally, through the establishment of multiple linear regression equation, the paper demonstrates the impact of service industry on the export of manufactured goods.
The results show that China's service trade, productive service trade and industrial manufactured goods have developed rapidly in recent years, and the import and export volume has increased rapidly, especially after China's accession to the World Trade Organization. The development level of service industry is lower than that of western developed countries, which is mainly manifested in the perennial deficit in transportation, insurance, finance, royalties and franchises, and the increasing degree of the deficit; however, communications, computer and information services, consulting and advertising industries are developing rapidly from deficit to surplus. The export volume of China's manufactured industrial products is also increasing year by year. Among them, the export of machinery and transport equipment is the largest and the fastest growth rate. The export trend of manufactured industrial products shows a gradual change from labor-intensive to capital-and-technology-intensive. Export has a positive and significant impact on capital-intensive and labor-intensive manufacturing exports, but the impact is relatively small compared with manufacturing labor costs, indicating that China's level of producer services and technical level is still to be improved. Policy recommendations on producer services and their trade development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F752.68;F424;F752.62

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