發(fā)布時間：2018-01-14 16:41

  本文關鍵詞：反傾銷調查下中國光伏企業(yè)對歐多層游說研究　出處：《復旦大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 多層游說 利益集團 光伏 反傾銷 歐洲聯盟

【摘要】：2012年9月,歐盟委員會正式啟動對中國光伏產品的反傾銷調查。在中國政府與企業(yè)長達15個月的艱苦努力下,中歐雙方最終以價格承諾的方式達成和解。在這樁貿易爭端的解決過程中,中國政府無疑扮演著決定性的角色,但企業(yè)也通過各種途徑,發(fā)揮了不可忽視的作用。本文將從企業(yè)的角度出發(fā),探討如下問題：企業(yè)如何發(fā)揮作用介入其中?游說的對象有哪些?他們怎樣開展游說?他們?yōu)槭裁茨軌蜷_展游說?在傳統上,反傾銷決策作為共同的貿易政策領域屬于歐盟第一支柱范疇,歐盟在此范疇內具有排他性權力。但本文利用弗里茨·沙普夫提出的多層治理聯合決策模式,通過對歐盟的反傾銷決策機制的分析,認為是存在多層性的。某問題是否能進入政府討論的議程,一直到這一問題的初裁,決策權都掌握在歐盟層面,但最終的裁定需要經過代表成員國意志的部長理事會以簡單多數方式通過,在政策實施階段,成員國層面則具有更為重要作用。根據歐盟反傾銷基本條例中的“共同體利益原則”,反傾銷措施的決策,必須全面評價包括產業(yè)利益和消費者利益在內的各方利益。依據這一原則,歐盟內部的社會組織可以在反傾銷決策過程中不斷施加影響。以上描述的權力分散形成了歐盟反傾銷決策機制的“歐盟-成員國-社會”多層性。這決定了若要成功影響歐盟反傾銷決策,必須對分享權力的各主體進行游說,從而形成了中國企業(yè)的多層游說。中國光伏企業(yè)在應對此次調查的實踐中充分利用了歐盟多層治理提供的政治機會,形成了針對歐盟層次、成員國層次和社會層次的多層游說網絡。其中中國企業(yè)和行業(yè)協會主要借助中國政府的庇護和支持實現了在成員國層次上的間接游說。在社會層次上,中國光伏企業(yè)積極利用產業(yè)鏈的相互依賴,推動并參與在歐洲設立游說聯盟。此聯盟通過利用歐盟相關法律規(guī)定、創(chuàng)造輿論壓力積極對事件發(fā)展進行影響。通過中國政府與歐盟成員國的合作、光伏企業(yè)對歐盟社會層次上輿論的積極影響,歐盟層次上的主要行為體歐委會最終做出讓步。中國光伏企業(yè)的多層游說網絡具有的一大特征是,在發(fā)揮重要作用的歐盟和成員國層次上,中國光伏企業(yè)主要依賴間接游說。本文利用利益集團理論對此特征進行了進一步分析,認為企業(yè)和行業(yè)所掌握的資源和進入商品(Access Good)是背后的根本原因。在最后,本文對中國光伏企業(yè)在發(fā)展中存在的問題進行了反思。同時,提出了此次爭端給今后更多中國企業(yè)在應對歐盟反傾銷時的啟示,包括注重爭取本國政府的支持；改變出事后臨時聯合社會團體的做法,注重在歐盟內部培育長期聯合盟友;學習歐美企業(yè)經驗,在歐盟和歐盟成員國建立商會,加強對歐的利益表達,維護自身利益。
[Abstract]:In September 2012, the European Commission officially launched an anti-dumping investigation into photovoltaic products in China. Under the hard work of the Chinese government and enterprises for 15 months. China and Europe finally reached a settlement in the form of price commitments. The Chinese government undoubtedly played a decisive role in the settlement of the trade dispute, but companies also went through a variety of channels. This article will discuss the following questions from the angle of the enterprise: how does the enterprise play its role to intervene in it? What are the targets for lobbying? How do they lobby? Why can they lobby? Traditionally, anti-dumping decision-making as a common trade policy area belongs to the first pillar of the EU. The EU has exclusive powers in this context, but this paper analyzes the EU's anti-dumping decision-making mechanism by using the multi-level governance joint decision-making model proposed by Frietz Schapf. It is believed that there are many levels... Whether a certain issue can be on the agenda of government discussion, until the initial decision on this issue, the decision-making power lies with the European Union. However, the final decision needs to be adopted by a simple majority of the Council of Ministers, which represents the will of the member States, at the policy implementation stage. According to the "Community benefit principle" in the basic EU antidumping regulations, the decision-making of anti-dumping measures is more important. The interests of all parties, including the interests of industry and consumers, must be comprehensively evaluated... in accordance with this principle. The social organizations within the European Union can exert constant influence in the anti-dumping decision-making process. The decentralization described above forms the "EU-member society" of the EU anti-dumping decision-making mechanism. Multilayered. This determines the success of EU anti-dumping decisions. Power sharing has to be lobbied to form a multi-tiered lobby for Chinese companies. Chinese photovoltaic companies have taken full advantage of the political opportunities offered by the EU's multi-tiered governance in response to the investigation. The formation of a level targeted at the European Union. Among them, Chinese enterprises and trade associations mainly rely on the protection and support of the Chinese government to realize indirect lobbying at the member state level. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises actively take advantage of the interdependence of the industrial chain to promote and participate in the establishment of a lobbying coalition in Europe. Through the cooperation between the Chinese government and the member states of the EU, photovoltaic enterprises have a positive influence on the public opinion of the EU at the social level. The European Commission, the main actor at the EU level, eventually made concessions. A major feature of the multi-tiered lobbying network of Chinese photovoltaic companies is at the level of the EU and member States, which play an important role. Chinese photovoltaic enterprises mainly rely on indirect lobbying. This paper uses interest group theory to further analyze this feature. Think that enterprises and industries have the resources and enter the goods access good) is the root cause behind. In the end. This paper reflects on the problems existing in the development of Chinese photovoltaic enterprises. At the same time, it puts forward the enlightenment of this dispute for more Chinese enterprises to deal with EU anti-dumping in the future, including paying attention to the support of their own governments. To change the practice of temporary alliance with social groups after the accident and focus on fostering long-term alliance allies within the EU; Learn from the experience of European and American enterprises, set up chambers of commerce in the EU and EU member states, strengthen the expression of interests to Europe and safeguard their own interests.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.6;F752.02

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