【摘要】：攀枝花是世界上“海拔最高,緯度最北,成熟最晚,品質(zhì)最優(yōu)”的芒果生產(chǎn)最適宜區(qū),是近20年內(nèi)快速崛起的芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)新區(qū),是全國(guó)五個(gè)芒果優(yōu)勢(shì)發(fā)展區(qū)域之一。攀枝花地處金沙江干熱河谷區(qū),氣候條件與國(guó)內(nèi)外其他芒果產(chǎn)區(qū)迥異,在不到20年的時(shí)間內(nèi)迅速發(fā)展了20000 hm2芒果,可謂成績(jī)斐然。芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)已成為本地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和農(nóng)民增收的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。本文對(duì)攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)進(jìn)行較為系統(tǒng)的研究,目的是總結(jié)在干熱河谷氣候條件下,在高緯度、高海拔區(qū)域發(fā)展芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),以期能為攀枝花及金沙江干熱河谷區(qū)芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提供些許借鑒。本文對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展與攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展在氣候條件、熟期、優(yōu)劣勢(shì)、技術(shù)特征等方面進(jìn)行了對(duì)比研究；對(duì)攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程中群眾自發(fā)發(fā)展、有組織無(wú)序發(fā)展、有組織有序發(fā)展三個(gè)階段進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)追溯與回顧,敘述了產(chǎn)業(yè)起源,品種來(lái)源和變遷,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和專(zhuān)家的眷顧,以中國(guó)熱帶農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院為主的外部科技力量支持,經(jīng)歷的波折等；對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外及攀枝花芒果發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié),詳細(xì)分析了攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展在季節(jié)、產(chǎn)量、質(zhì)量、市場(chǎng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益等方面的優(yōu)勢(shì),總結(jié)攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)不同于其他芒果產(chǎn)區(qū)的物候期特性和技術(shù)特征；總結(jié)了攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)在區(qū)域布局、品種結(jié)構(gòu)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、生產(chǎn)技術(shù)、質(zhì)量安全、組織化程度、產(chǎn)業(yè)化、自然災(zāi)害、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等方面存在的問(wèn)題；對(duì)攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)今后在區(qū)域布局、品種結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)規(guī)模、組織形式、生產(chǎn)方式、市場(chǎng)定位、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)等方面的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、發(fā)展方向進(jìn)行了分析預(yù)測(cè)；提出攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的思路和對(duì)策。本文提出了攀枝花芒果今后發(fā)展的總體思路是：早中晚品種合理搭配,均衡上市,延長(zhǎng)上市時(shí)間；提升科技水平,推進(jìn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn),提質(zhì)增效,提高基地建設(shè)質(zhì)量,加快設(shè)施栽培,適度謹(jǐn)慎在高海拔、高緯度臨界區(qū)域發(fā)展芒果：加大芒果生態(tài)種植力度,提高質(zhì)量安全水平；加強(qiáng)宣傳,提高品牌知名度,加大市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓力度,立足國(guó)內(nèi)中、高端市場(chǎng),邁步國(guó)際市場(chǎng)。本文的創(chuàng)新內(nèi)容：提出了芒果設(shè)施化防災(zāi)、避雨、抗旱、延遲成熟等栽培技術(shù)思路,提出了以緯度、海拔高度和品種熟期特性來(lái)調(diào)劑芒果成熟時(shí)間,延長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的時(shí)間,提出了早、中、晚熟品種科學(xué)合理搭配比例等在金沙江干熱河谷區(qū)屬于創(chuàng)新性的技術(shù)觀(guān)點(diǎn)。首次對(duì)攀枝花芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)總結(jié)；首次對(duì)金沙江干熱河谷區(qū)芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)行了總結(jié),把攀枝花及金沙江干熱河谷區(qū)芒果產(chǎn)業(yè)置身于國(guó)內(nèi)、國(guó)際大環(huán)境進(jìn)行分析比較,提出自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:Panzhihua is the most suitable area for mango production in the world, which has the highest elevation, the northernmost latitude, the most late maturity and the best quality. It is a new area of mango industry that has been rising rapidly in the past 20 years, and is one of the five superior mango development regions in China. Panzhihua is located in the dry and hot valley of Jinsha River. The climatic conditions are very different from other mango producing areas at home and abroad. In less than 20 years, Panzhihua has developed 20000 hm2 mango rapidly, which can be described as a remarkable achievement. Mango industry has become the pillar industry of agriculture, rural economic development and farmers' income. This paper studies the mango industry of Panzhihua in order to summarize the experiences and lessons of developing mango industry in high latitude and high altitude region under the condition of dry and hot valley climate. In order to provide some reference for the development of mango industry in Panzhihua and Jinsha River dry and hot valley. In this paper, the development of mango industry at home and abroad and Panzhihua mango industry development in climate conditions, maturity, advantages and disadvantages, technical characteristics and other aspects of comparative study; This paper systematically traces and reviews the three stages of mass spontaneous development, organized disorderly development and organized orderly development in the course of development of Panzhihua mango industry, and narrates the origin of the industry, the origin and changes of varieties, and the patronage of leaders and experts. With the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as the main external scientific and technological support, experienced twists and turns; The present situation of mango development at home and abroad and Panzhihua mango is analyzed and summarized, and the advantages of Panzhihua mango industry in season, output, quality, market and economic benefit are analyzed in detail. The phenological and technical characteristics of mango industry in Panzhihua are summarized. The problems in regional layout, variety structure, infrastructure construction, production technology, quality and safety, degree of organization, industrialization, natural disaster, market competition and so on in Panzhihua mango industry were summarized. The development trend and development direction of Panzhihua mango industry in regional layout, variety structure, production scale, organization form, production mode, market orientation and market competition are analyzed and forecasted. The sustainable development of Panzhihua mango industry was put forward. In this paper, the general idea of the future development of Panzhihua mango is put forward as follows: reasonable collocation of early, middle and late varieties, balanced listing and prolongation of the time for listing; To improve the level of science and technology, to promote standardized production, to improve quality and efficiency, to improve the quality of base construction, to speed up facility cultivation, to develop mango moderately cautiously in critical areas at high altitude and high latitudes: to increase ecological planting of mango, and to improve quality and safety level; Strengthen publicity, improve brand awareness, increase market development, based on domestic, high-end market, step forward the international market. The innovative contents of this paper are as follows: the cultivation techniques of mango such as disaster prevention, rain shelter, drought resistance and delayed ripening are put forward, and the ripening time of mango is adjusted by latitude, altitude and variety maturity characteristics, and the time of product supply market is prolonged. The scientific and reasonable proportion of early, middle and late maturing varieties in dry and hot valley of Jinsha River was put forward. The development of Panzhihua mango industry was systematically summarized for the first time. The development of mango industry in the dry and hot valley of Jinsha River was summarized for the first time. The mango industry in Panzhihua and the dry and hot valley of Jinsha River was placed in China and the international environment was analyzed and compared, and its own advantages and disadvantages were put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F326.13

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