【摘要】：保險是隨著整個社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生的。保險的作用很多，首先能及時補償災(zāi)害事故損失。在社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中，自然災(zāi)害、意外事故造成的經(jīng)濟損失是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的，，它會造成生產(chǎn)的停滯或中斷，甚至使企業(yè)破產(chǎn)倒閉。有了保險，企業(yè)一旦遇到風(fēng)險損失就可以及時得到經(jīng)濟補償，最大限度地減輕災(zāi)害事故損失的消極影響，保障企業(yè)生產(chǎn)計劃的完成和職工福利；其次，有利于國民經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。在國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展過程中，很多時候會發(fā)生一些由不可抗力造成的自然災(zāi)害和意外事故，這就會使企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動中斷，進而影響國民經(jīng)濟的整體運行。最后，能促進技術(shù)進步。在社會生產(chǎn)中采用新技術(shù)和新工藝，是提高社會勞動生產(chǎn)率和促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要因素。但新技術(shù)、新工藝的應(yīng)用都要付出代價，花費較高成本，而這種費用往往都伴隨著新的風(fēng)險。通過保險可以大大鼓勵企業(yè)家用于創(chuàng)新，為開辟新的生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域大膽應(yīng)用新技術(shù)、新工藝，因此，保險為新技術(shù)、新工藝的推廣和應(yīng)用撐腰壯膽，最終將促進技術(shù)的進步。 文章先對使用計量經(jīng)濟學(xué)的方法對湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險賠款對財產(chǎn)保險保險費收入的滯后分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)滯后到第一年時最為顯著。同時選取產(chǎn)險收入作為產(chǎn)險需求的衡量指標(biāo)，新增民用汽車擁有量、社會固定資產(chǎn)投資總額、民事訴訟受理件數(shù)、出口貿(mào)易總值作為分別反映拉動車險、工程險、企業(yè)財產(chǎn)險、責(zé)任險、信用險等五個產(chǎn)險主要子險種需求的直接內(nèi)因，并運用回歸分析研究湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險市場的發(fā)展特點，通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險收入逐年增加，其市場潛力巨大；湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險的賠款支出對財產(chǎn)保險收入有較強的示范效應(yīng)。然后從市場集中度、產(chǎn)品差異化程度以及市場進入和退出壁壘來分析湘西民族地區(qū)的財產(chǎn)保險市場的市場結(jié)構(gòu)，進而提出優(yōu)化湘西民族地區(qū)（湘西自治州）保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)的具體措施。再次主要從承保利潤、保費利潤率、費用率、賠付率、資產(chǎn)利潤率以及保費利潤率等財務(wù)指標(biāo)實證研究湘西民族地區(qū)的市場績效。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險業(yè)整體獲利能力一般，并逐漸呈下降趨勢。最后利用實證分析方法來分析湘西民族地區(qū)保險公司經(jīng)濟績效。對湘西民族地區(qū)財產(chǎn)保險市場結(jié)構(gòu)、行為、績效提升有著重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Insurance comes into being with the development of the whole society and economy. The function of insurance is many, can compensate disaster accident loss in time first. In the process of social and economic development, the economic losses caused by natural disasters and accidents often occur, which will lead to the stagnation or interruption of production and even the bankruptcy of enterprises. With insurance, once enterprises encounter risk losses, they can get economic compensation in time, minimize the negative impact of disaster and accident losses, and ensure the completion of production plans and employee welfare. Secondly, it is conducive to the sustained and stable development of the national economy. In the course of the development of the national economy, some natural disasters and accidents caused by force majeure will occur, which will interrupt the production and management activities of enterprises, and then affect the overall operation of the national economy. Finally, it can promote technological progress. The adoption of new technology and technology in social production is an important factor to improve social labor productivity and promote economic development. But the new technology and the application of the new process all have to pay the price, the cost is higher, and this kind of expense often carries the new risk. Through insurance, entrepreneurs can be greatly encouraged to use innovation, and new technologies and processes can be applied boldly in order to open up new fields of production. Therefore, insurance will support the promotion and application of new technologies and processes, and ultimately promote the progress of technology. The paper first analyzes the lag of property insurance indemnity to property insurance income by econometrics method, and finds that the lag to the first year is the most significant. At the same time, we select the income from property insurance as the measure of the demand for property insurance, increase the ownership of civil vehicles, the total investment in fixed assets of the society, the number of cases accepted in civil proceedings, and the total value of export trade as a reflection of pulling auto insurance, engineering insurance, property insurance of enterprises, respectively. The direct internal causes of the demand for five major sub-types of property insurance, such as liability insurance and credit insurance, and the use of regression analysis to study the development characteristics of property insurance market in western Hunan ethnic areas. Through the study, it is found that the income of property insurance in Xiangxi ethnic areas increases year by year. Its market potential is huge; The indemnity expenditure of property insurance in western Hunan nationality area has strong demonstration effect on property insurance income. Then it analyzes the market structure of property insurance market in Xiangxi ethnic areas from the market concentration degree, product differentiation degree and market entry and exit barriers. And then put forward the specific measures to optimize the structure of insurance market in Xiangxi ethnic region (Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture). Thirdly, the paper empirically studies the market performance of Xiangxi ethnic minority area from the financial indicators such as underwriting profit, premium profit rate, expense rate, loss rate, asset profit rate and premium profit rate and so on. It is found that the overall profitability of property insurance industry in western Hunan nationality area is general and gradually declining. Finally, the paper analyzes the economic performance of insurance companies in western Hunan ethnic areas by using empirical analysis method. It is of great significance to improve the structure, behavior and performance of property insurance market in western Hunan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉首大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.65

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