本文選題：商業(yè)車險(xiǎn) + 費(fèi)率改革�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2015年6月1日開始,新版機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革率先在山東、黑龍江、廣西、陜西、青島、重慶6個(gè)省市進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)。2016年1月1日,中國保監(jiān)會(huì)將天津、內(nèi)蒙古、吉林、安徽、廣西、河南、湖北、湖南、四川、青海、寧夏、新疆12個(gè)地區(qū)納入機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)改革范疇,改革從原有的6個(gè)地區(qū)擴(kuò)展到現(xiàn)在18個(gè)試點(diǎn)地區(qū)。由于前兩批改革試點(diǎn)工作取得了較好成效,自2016年7月1日起機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革在全國范圍內(nèi)推廣。應(yīng)該說,機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革是車險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營發(fā)展到一定階段的產(chǎn)物,對(duì)保險(xiǎn)公司的經(jīng)營管理和可持續(xù)發(fā)展起著至關(guān)重要的作用。在舊版商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率及條款體系下,隨著車險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的快速發(fā)展,原有的條款費(fèi)率制度弊端開始顯現(xiàn)。一是從行業(yè)監(jiān)管角度看,監(jiān)管部門、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)和保險(xiǎn)公司三者之間職責(zé)劃分不清晰,監(jiān)管的重點(diǎn)和方向發(fā)生偏離。保險(xiǎn)公司自主選擇使用A、B、C三款條款費(fèi)率,但畢竟條款費(fèi)率是由中國保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)制定報(bào)保監(jiān)會(huì)審批,條款費(fèi)率與各家保險(xiǎn)公司的發(fā)展實(shí)際存在較大差異,保險(xiǎn)公司作為經(jīng)營保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品的主體,沒有產(chǎn)品和價(jià)格的制定權(quán),在一定程度上造成了經(jīng)營與市場(chǎng)脫鉤,更為重要的是在涉及保險(xiǎn)糾紛的時(shí)候,由于對(duì)條款理解的偏差造成賠償責(zé)任劃分不清晰。而監(jiān)管部門由于是政策的制定者,更多地把精力放在對(duì)保險(xiǎn)條款和保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率的"剛性"監(jiān)管上來,保險(xiǎn)與監(jiān)管之間很容易產(chǎn)生矛盾;二是從保險(xiǎn)公司角度看,粗放式管理不利于行業(yè)的發(fā)展。保險(xiǎn)公司使用統(tǒng)一的條款費(fèi)率,無法根據(jù)市場(chǎng)變化和自身經(jīng)營實(shí)際制定產(chǎn)品和價(jià)格,造成了各家保險(xiǎn)公司缺乏創(chuàng)新的內(nèi)在動(dòng)力,提供的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)同質(zhì)化嚴(yán)重,逼迫保險(xiǎn)公司只能通過價(jià)格戰(zhàn)等粗放的惡性競爭手段來提升自身市場(chǎng)份額。在此過程中,很少有保險(xiǎn)公司從自身內(nèi)在發(fā)展的角度去反思,而更多地是從惡劣市場(chǎng)環(huán)境等外部尋找原因,使整個(gè)行業(yè)陷入價(jià)格戰(zhàn)等粗放式競爭怪圈;三是從消費(fèi)者角度看,原有的條款費(fèi)率制度已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能滿足公眾的需求。從各家保險(xiǎn)公司的投訴分析來看,由于消費(fèi)者維權(quán)意識(shí)和法律觀念增強(qiáng),車險(xiǎn)投訴、糾紛大量增加,其中有很大一部分投訴與條款有關(guān),"高保低賠"、"無責(zé)不賠"等問題越來越嚴(yán)重。本次商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革重點(diǎn)遵循堅(jiān)持市場(chǎng)化方向、保護(hù)消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益兩大原則。通俗的說,商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革的本質(zhì)是把商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)的產(chǎn)品定價(jià)權(quán)交給保險(xiǎn)公司,把產(chǎn)品的選擇權(quán)交給消費(fèi)者,是財(cái)險(xiǎn)行業(yè)車險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營的又一重大進(jìn)程�？梢哉f,無論從市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管的角度還是行業(yè)自身發(fā)展的角度來講,商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)改革都是未來財(cái)險(xiǎn)公司經(jīng)營管理過程中遇到的最大的不確定性因素,市場(chǎng)競爭過程中"馬太效應(yīng)"會(huì)逐漸顯現(xiàn),最終市場(chǎng)可能出現(xiàn)兩極分化,優(yōu)于市場(chǎng)競爭者勝出,劣于市場(chǎng)者淘汰出局。所以,財(cái)險(xiǎn)公司在商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革前后的決策直接影響到公司的經(jīng)營。論文共分為四個(gè)部分:第一部分重點(diǎn)結(jié)合我國機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革的演進(jìn)過程分析新版機(jī)動(dòng)車商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革是歷史發(fā)展的必然,同時(shí)國外先進(jìn)國家車險(xiǎn)改革為新版機(jī)動(dòng)車車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革提供了經(jīng)驗(yàn),更為重要的是舊版制度下我國車險(xiǎn)目前經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀所帶來的問題急需改革深化來解決;第二部分從條款和費(fèi)率兩個(gè)方面詳細(xì)分析了費(fèi)率改革的主要內(nèi)容,并從行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型、發(fā)揮社會(huì)管理職能、消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保費(fèi)三個(gè)方面提出了改革的意義;第三部分結(jié)合山東地區(qū),重點(diǎn)分析商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革后的影響,特別對(duì)監(jiān)管變化、市場(chǎng)變化、財(cái)險(xiǎn)公司經(jīng)營策略變化以及客戶選擇的變化進(jìn)行了深度剖析;第四部分在前期分析的基礎(chǔ)上提出了財(cái)險(xiǎn)公司應(yīng)對(duì)商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。應(yīng)該說,本文結(jié)合山東地區(qū)商業(yè)車險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率改革實(shí)際,具有較強(qiáng)的可操作性。
[Abstract]:Since June 1, 2015, the new motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate reform took the lead in the trial of 6 provinces and cities in Shandong, Heilongjiang, Guangxi, Shaanxi, Qingdao, Chongqing, in January 1st.2016. The China Insurance Regulatory Commission took Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Jilin, Anhui, Guangxi, Henan, Henan, Chongqing, Qingdao, etc. into motor vehicle insurance In the category of reform, the reform has expanded from the original 6 regions to the present 18 pilot areas. The reform of motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate has been popularized throughout the country since the first two batch of reform pilot works. It should be said that the conversion of motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rates is the product of the development of vehicle insurance to a certain stage. It plays a vital role in the management and sustainable development of insurance companies. Under the old commercial vehicle insurance rate and clause system, with the rapid development of car insurance business, the defects of the original clause rate system begin to appear. One is from the perspective of industry supervision, the division of duties between the three parties of the regulatory department, industry association and insurance company. It is not clear that the focus and direction of supervision deviate. Insurance companies choose to use the A, B, C three clause rates independently, but after all, the terms and fees are examined and approved by the China Insurance Industry Association, the premium rate is different from the actual development of the insurance companies. The insurance company is the main body of the insurance products, and the insurance company has no production. To a certain extent, the formulation of goods and prices has caused the decoupling of the business and the market. It is more important that in the case of insurance disputes, the division of compensation liability is not clear due to the deviation of the terms of understanding. And the regulatory authorities, because of the policy makers, put more precision on the "rigid" supervision of the insurance clauses and insurance rates. From the point of view of insurance companies, two is that extensive management is not conducive to the development of the industry. The insurance companies use the unified terms and fees, which can not make products and prices according to the changes of the market and their own practice. The quality of the product and service is serious, forcing insurance companies to improve their market share only through the rough and vicious competition means such as price war. In this process, few insurance companies reflect on their own internal development, but more are looking for reasons outside the bad market environment, so that the whole industry is plunged into price war and so on. Three, from the point of view of consumers, the original clause rate system has been far from meeting the needs of the public. From the analysis of the complaints from the insurance companies, there are a large number of complaints and disputes due to the enhancement of the awareness of the rights and the legal concept of the consumer, and a large number of complaints, "high insurance and low compensation", " The reform of commercial vehicle insurance rate is focused on two principles: adhering to the direction of marketization and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. In general, the essence of the commercial car insurance rate reform is to give the price of commercial vehicle insurance to the insurance company and the choice of product to the consumer, it is a car insurance industry car. It can be said that, from the perspective of market supervision and the development of the industry itself, the reform of commercial vehicle insurance is the biggest uncertainty in the management process of future financial insurance companies. The Matthew effect will gradually appear in the process of market competition, and the final market may be polarized. It is better than the market competitor to win out and inferior to the market. Therefore, the decision of the financial insurance company before and after the reform of the commercial vehicle insurance rate directly affects the operation of the company. The thesis is divided into four parts: the first part focuses on the analysis of the reform of the motor vehicle insurance rate reform in China to analyze the reform of the new motor vehicle commercial vehicle insurance rate. It is the necessity of the development of history. At the same time, the foreign advanced countries' car insurance reform provides experience for the new motor vehicle insurance rate reform. More importantly, the problems brought by the current situation of car insurance in our country are urgently needed to be solved in the old edition system. The second part analyses the principal of the rate reform in detail from two aspects of terms and rates. The content, the transformation from the industry, the social management function, the consumer premium three aspects put forward the significance of the reform. The third part, combined with the Shandong area, focuses on the analysis of the impact of the reform of commercial vehicle insurance rates, especially the changes in supervision change, market change, the change of the management strategy of the financial insurance companies and the change of the customer's choice. The fourth part, on the basis of the previous analysis, puts forward the coping strategies for the financial insurance companies to deal with the rate reform of commercial vehicle insurance. It should be said that this paper has a strong feasibility to reform the commercial vehicle insurance rate in Shandong.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F842.634

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