本文選題：交強(qiáng)險 + 市場開放�。� 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：機(jī)動車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險是指由保險公司對被保險機(jī)動車發(fā)生道路交通事故造成本車人員、被保險人以外的受害人的人身傷亡、財(cái)產(chǎn)損失,在責(zé)任限額內(nèi)予以賠償?shù)膹?qiáng)制性責(zé)任保險,又簡稱為交強(qiáng)險。隨著機(jī)動車的普及、交通事故頻發(fā),自20世紀(jì)初期以來各國先后將機(jī)動車責(zé)任保險納入強(qiáng)制保險范疇,通過國家法律保障該險種的強(qiáng)制實(shí)行。我國于2006年7月1日在全國范圍內(nèi)正式建立交強(qiáng)險制度,該制度的實(shí)行對保護(hù)公眾利益、構(gòu)建和諧社會有深刻的意義。 車險業(yè)務(wù)一直以來都是產(chǎn)險公司保費(fèi)收入、承保利潤的主要來源,占據(jù)我國產(chǎn)險市場業(yè)務(wù)收入的76%左右。然而,根據(jù)2001年11月10日簽訂的《中華人民共和國服務(wù)貿(mào)易具體承諾減讓表》的規(guī)定,外資保險公司(以下簡稱為外資險企)不允許經(jīng)營包括汽車第三者責(zé)任險等在內(nèi)的法定保險業(yè)務(wù)。外資險企在交強(qiáng)險經(jīng)營上受到限制導(dǎo)致其在商業(yè)車險的銷售上受到影響,所以部分外資保險公司在經(jīng)營商業(yè)車險時不得不選擇與中資保險公司合作。這種經(jīng)營模式增加了外資險企的銷售成本,限制了其發(fā)展空間,不利于良性競爭的有序進(jìn)行。相較來看,在德國、美國等發(fā)達(dá)國家的保險市場上,無論是本土公司還是外資公司,只要是具備相應(yīng)條件的保險公司都可經(jīng)營機(jī)動車強(qiáng)制保險。在市場競爭機(jī)制作用下,各家公司可以根據(jù)自身風(fēng)險管理水平制定相應(yīng)競爭策略,為消費(fèi)者提供高質(zhì)量、全方位的保險服務(wù)。 2012年2月,中美兩國政府發(fā)布《關(guān)于加強(qiáng)中美經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的聯(lián)合情況說明》,我國決定對外資險企開放交強(qiáng)險市場。修改后的《機(jī)動車交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險條例》于5月1日正式生效,這標(biāo)志著外資險企正式進(jìn)軍我國交強(qiáng)險市場。目前,美亞財(cái)險、利寶保險、三星財(cái)險、安聯(lián)財(cái)險、中航安盟、現(xiàn)代財(cái)險等幾家外資險企已獲得保監(jiān)會的交強(qiáng)險經(jīng)營批復(fù),具備了該險種承保資格。其中,利寶保險公司于2012年10月賣出第一份交強(qiáng)險保單,成為第一家經(jīng)營交強(qiáng)險的外資保險公司。面對這樣的市場變化,社會各界對于向外資險企開放交強(qiáng)險業(yè)務(wù)會給我國車險市場帶來怎樣的影響,反響不一。 正是基于這樣的背景,本文在對交強(qiáng)險制度各個發(fā)展階段進(jìn)行介紹后,以理論分析和案例分析相結(jié)合的方式,研究交強(qiáng)險市場對外資險企開放會給我國保險市場帶來何種影響。全文由六個部分構(gòu)成,基本思路和結(jié)構(gòu)安排如下： 第一部分是前言,主要介紹了本文的研究意義和研究目的、研究方法、基本思路與結(jié)構(gòu)安排、文章創(chuàng)新之處及不足之處等。 第二部分開始為文章主體部分,介紹了我國交強(qiáng)險的發(fā)展歷程,將我國交強(qiáng)險的發(fā)展歷史分為三個階段,第一個階段為交強(qiáng)險初創(chuàng)階段,這一部分著重介紹了我國交強(qiáng)險制度的建設(shè)背景、特色以及存在問題；第二個階段為交強(qiáng)險的改革階段,根據(jù)交強(qiáng)險已有的經(jīng)營經(jīng)驗(yàn),對經(jīng)營中出現(xiàn)的問題進(jìn)行改進(jìn)；第三個階段為交強(qiáng)險對外開放階段,介紹了交強(qiáng)險制度變化及目前外資險企在交強(qiáng)險市場上的表現(xiàn)。 第三部分主要分析了交強(qiáng)險市場政策變化的原因,并對發(fā)達(dá)國家及地區(qū)機(jī)動車強(qiáng)制保險市場開放的經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行介紹。首先,從交強(qiáng)險性質(zhì)、功能,服務(wù)貿(mào)易保護(hù)制度等方面,探討我國從禁止外資險企經(jīng)營交強(qiáng)險到取消該政策限制的內(nèi)在原因。隨后,對香港、美國等國家和地區(qū)機(jī)動車強(qiáng)制保險市場的開放經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行介紹,并探討各國經(jīng)驗(yàn)對我國交強(qiáng)險開放的啟示。 第四部分通過案例分析,介紹外資險企在我國車險市場的表現(xiàn),并分析外資險企的經(jīng)營優(yōu)勢。文章以利寶保險公司為例,通過對利寶保險在商業(yè)車險經(jīng)營業(yè)績、優(yōu)勢和弱點(diǎn)的介紹,分析其在交強(qiáng)險尚未對外資險企開放的背景下,仍能夠在商業(yè)車險經(jīng)營上表現(xiàn)優(yōu)秀的原因。最后對交強(qiáng)險市場開放對利寶保險公司的可能影響進(jìn)行簡要分析。 第五部分根據(jù)外資險企在車險市場的表現(xiàn)、我國保險市場對外開放帶來的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)等方面,研究交強(qiáng)險市場的開放將給我國產(chǎn)險公司、車險產(chǎn)品消費(fèi)者以及車險市場監(jiān)管部門帶來何種積極或消極的影響。具體影響包括市場競爭、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新、服務(wù)升級以及監(jiān)管壓力等多個方面。 最后一部分將對本文所探討的問題做簡要的陳述及總結(jié)。 本文的主要創(chuàng)新之處在于以下三個方面：首先,選題上的創(chuàng)新,關(guān)于交強(qiáng)險的研究文獻(xiàn)大致分為兩類,一類是對我國交強(qiáng)險開展以來發(fā)展?fàn)顩r、存在問題及制度完善的討論；另一類是關(guān)于各國機(jī)動車強(qiáng)制保險制度的研究以及對我國交強(qiáng)險市場借鑒意義的分析。而本文在結(jié)合以上兩種研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,及我國交強(qiáng)險市場正式向外資保險公司開放的背景下,著重探討交強(qiáng)險市場開放后對我國車險市場將造成何種影響。選題切合實(shí)際,具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。其次,研究方法上的創(chuàng)新,本文在關(guān)于交強(qiáng)險對外開放對我國車險市場影響分析上,選擇以理論分析與案例分析相結(jié)合的方式,與以往研究相比本文理論更加全面,結(jié)論更加客觀。此外,研究結(jié)果上的創(chuàng)新,以往的研究成果主要論證了外資險企在經(jīng)營模式、服務(wù)水平等方面的優(yōu)勢,以及其給我國保險市場帶來的積極影響。而本文除了探討外資險企的優(yōu)勢之外,結(jié)合其給我國保險市場帶來的沖擊等方面,對此次交強(qiáng)險市場開放面臨的挑戰(zhàn)也進(jìn)行了深入的研究。以客觀、公正的角度,全面、辯證的探討此問題。
[Abstract]:The compulsory insurance of vehicle traffic accident liability refers to the compulsory liability insurance which is caused by the insurance company, which is caused by the road traffic accident of the insured vehicle, the injured person other than the insured, the loss of property, the compensation in the limit of liability, and also referred to as the insurance for short, with the popularity of the motor vehicle, traffic accident. Frequent occurrence, since the early twentieth Century, the motor vehicle liability insurance has been incorporated into the compulsory insurance category, and the compulsory implementation of the insurance is guaranteed through the national law. In July 1, 2006, China formally established the system of strong insurance in the whole country. The implementation of this system is of profound significance to the protection of the public interest and the construction of a harmonious society.
The auto insurance business has always been the premium income of the insurance company, the main source of the underwriting profit, which accounts for about 76% of the income of our country's production market. However, the foreign insurance company (hereinafter referred to as the foreign investment insurance) is not allowed to operate in accordance with the provisions of the specific promise of service trade in People's Republic of China, which was signed in November 10, 2001. The legal insurance business including the liability insurance of the third party of the automobile. The restrictions on the operation of the foreign capital insurance companies are affected by the sale of the commercial insurance, so some foreign insurance companies have to cooperate with the Chinese insurance companies in the operation of commercial insurance. This model increases the sales of foreign capital insurance companies. In comparison with the insurance market in developed countries such as Germany and the United States, as long as the insurance companies with corresponding conditions can operate motor vehicle strong insurance in the insurance market of developed countries such as Germany, the United States and other developed countries. According to their own risk management level, formulate corresponding competitive strategies to provide consumers with high quality, comprehensive insurance services.
In February 2012, the government of China and the United States issued a "joint statement on strengthening the economic relations between China and the United States." China decided to open the market of foreign capital insurance to strong risk. The revised "compulsory insurance regulations for motor vehicle accidents" entered into force in May 1st, which marks a positive entry into China's strong risk market. Lepo insurance, Samsung financial insurance, Allianz financial insurance, China aviation security alliance, modern financial insurance, and other foreign investment insurance companies have been approved by the Insurance Regulatory Commission, and have the insurance qualification. Among them, Lebao insurance company sold the first insurance policy in October 2012 and became the first foreign insurance company to deal with the insurance. The impact of market changes and the opening of compulsory insurance business to foreign insurance companies on China's automobile insurance market will be mixed.
Based on this background, this paper, after introducing the various development stages of the system, combines theoretical analysis and case analysis to study the impact of the open meeting of foreign investment insurance on the insurance market in China. The full text is made up of six parts, and the basic ideas and structural arrangements are as follows:
The first part is the preface, which mainly introduces the significance and purpose of the research, the research method, the basic idea and the structure arrangement, the innovation and the inadequacies of the article.
The second part, beginning with the main part of the article, introduces the development course of China's strong insurance, and divides the history of China's strong insurance into three stages. The first stage is the initial stage of high risk insurance. This part mainly introduces the construction background, characteristics and problems of China's strong insurance system, and the second stage is the reform of strong insurance. At the stage, the existing problems in the operation are improved on the basis of the existing experience in the operation of strong insurance. The third stage is the opening stage of the strong insurance policy, introducing the changes in the system of strong insurance and the performance of the current foreign investment risks in the market.
The third part mainly analyzes the reasons for the changes in the market policy of the high risk insurance, and introduces the experience of the opening of the motor vehicle compulsory insurance market in the developed countries and regions. First, from the aspects of the nature, function, and service trade protection system of the strong insurance, this paper discusses the inherent origin of our country from the prohibition of foreign investment risks to the cancellation of the policy restrictions. After that, the opening experience of the motor vehicle compulsory insurance market in Hongkong, the United States and other countries is introduced, and the Enlightenment of the experience of various countries on the opening of China's strong insurance is also discussed.
The fourth part, through the case analysis, introduces the performance of foreign insurance companies in China's car insurance market and analyzes the advantages of foreign venture enterprises. This article, taking LeiBao insurance company as an example, analyzes the advantages and weaknesses of LeiBao insurance in commercial vehicle insurance, and analyzes that it is still able to be in the background of the opening of foreign investment insurance. The reasons for the excellent performance of commercial vehicle insurance are analyzed. Finally, the possible impact of the opening of compulsory insurance market on the insurance company is briefly analyzed.
The fifth part, according to the performance of the foreign capital insurance market in the car insurance market, the opportunities and challenges of the opening of the insurance market in China, studies the positive or elimination effect of the opening of the strong risk market to the domestic risk companies, the consumer products and the supervision departments of the car insurance market. Innovation, service upgrading and regulatory pressure.
The last part will give a brief statement and summary of the problems discussed in this paper.
The main innovation of this article lies in the following three aspects: first, the innovation of the topic is divided into two categories, one is the development situation, the existing problems and the perfection of the system since the development of China's strong insurance; the other is about the research on the compulsory insurance system for motor cars in various countries and the exchange of China's compulsory insurance system. On the basis of combining the above two research results, and on the background of the opening of China's strong insurance market to foreign insurance companies, this paper focuses on the impact of the opening of the strong insurance market on China's car insurance market. The topic is practical and has some practical significance. Secondly, the study is of practical significance. In the method of innovation, this paper, on the analysis of the impact of the opening of the insurance policy on China's car insurance market, chooses a combination of theoretical analysis and case analysis, which is more comprehensive and more objective compared with the previous research. In addition, the innovation of the research results and the previous research results mainly demonstrate that foreign investment risks are in the course of the study. In addition to the advantages of foreign capital insurance and the impact on the insurance market in China, this paper makes an in-depth study on the challenges facing the opening of the market. The question is discussed dialectically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.63

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