本文選題：船員 + 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)��； 參考：《大連海事大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國是世界海洋、航運(yùn)大國,同時(shí)也是船員大國。船員是國家重要戰(zhàn)略資源,在建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國,發(fā)展國內(nèi)外貿(mào)易,維護(hù)水上交通安全以及防治海洋污染等方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。研究我國船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)問題,保護(hù)船員合法權(quán)益,是法律人文關(guān)懷和保障生存權(quán)的必然要求,是船員權(quán)利平等和正義價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn)途徑,也是船員自我生存和發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需求,是促進(jìn)航運(yùn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和增強(qiáng)航運(yùn)國際競爭力的有力保障。社會(huì)保障體系在國家政治經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中具有關(guān)鍵的作用,而社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度是社會(huì)保障體系中的核心內(nèi)容。社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度是在勞動(dòng)者出現(xiàn)勞動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí),提供物質(zhì)幫助的社會(huì)制度。船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)是整個(gè)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系的一部分,兩者總的指導(dǎo)思想和框架結(jié)構(gòu)一致,但由于船員與一般職業(yè)不同的特殊性,導(dǎo)致其社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)問題有其特殊的一面,有必要立法加以特殊規(guī)定,構(gòu)建共性和個(gè)性并存的船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系框架,以保護(hù)船員的特殊利益。我國船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)項(xiàng)目主要包括養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、工傷保險(xiǎn)及生育保險(xiǎn)等。通過這五個(gè)方面的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度,國家保障船員在出現(xiàn)年老、疾病、失業(yè)、傷殘和生育風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)獲得物質(zhì)幫助。本文主要分為五個(gè)部分,運(yùn)用公共管理學(xué)和法學(xué)等相關(guān)理論,使用文獻(xiàn)研究法進(jìn)行闡述。第一部分緒論,主要介紹了船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系的研究背景、意義、思路、方法和國內(nèi)外研究綜述。第二部分是船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)概述,對船員、社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)和船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)的概念進(jìn)行界定;以公正、生存權(quán)、資源平等和公民權(quán)利等為理論基礎(chǔ),論述公民有從國家和社會(huì)獲得物質(zhì)幫助的權(quán)利;從船員職業(yè)特殊性的角度,闡述構(gòu)建船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系的重要性。第三部分對我國船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)立法和實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,揭示出我國目前船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系的現(xiàn)實(shí)問題,并對問題原因進(jìn)行剖析。第四部分是借鑒國際勞工組織和其他國家船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn),擴(kuò)寬研究思路。第五部分是結(jié)合我國國情,在實(shí)際的經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和政治背景之下,最終提出完善我國船員社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系的可行方案。
[Abstract]:China is the world's ocean, shipping power, but also a large country of crew. Crew is an important national strategic resource, which plays an important role in building a powerful marine country, developing domestic and foreign trade, maintaining water traffic safety and preventing marine pollution. To study the problem of crew social insurance and to protect the legitimate rights and interests of crew members is the inevitable requirement of legal humanistic care and protection of the right to subsistence, the way to realize the equal and just value of crew members' rights, and the inherent demand of crew members' self-existence and development. It is an effective guarantee to promote the development of shipping economy and enhance the international competitiveness of shipping. The social security system plays a key role in the national political and economic life, and the social security system is the core content of the social security system. Social insurance system is the social system that provides material help when laborer appears labor risk. The social insurance of crew members is a part of the whole social insurance system. The general guiding ideology and frame structure of the two are the same. However, because of the particularity of the crew members and the general occupation, the social insurance problem of the crew members has its special side. It is necessary to legislate special regulations and construct the frame of crew social insurance system with common character and individuality in order to protect the special benefit of crew. China's crew social insurance programs mainly include old-age insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, industrial injury insurance and maternity insurance. Through these five social insurance systems, the state guarantees crew members material assistance in the event of old age, illness, unemployment, disability and maternity risks. This paper is divided into five parts, using the relevant theories of public management and law, using literature research method to elaborate. The first part is introduction, which mainly introduces the background, significance, train of thought, method and domestic and foreign research summary of crew social insurance system. The second part is an overview of crew social insurance, which defines the concepts of crew, social insurance and crew social insurance, based on justice, right to life, equality of resources and civil rights, etc. This paper discusses that citizens have the right to obtain material help from the state and society, and expounds the importance of constructing the crew social insurance system from the point of view of the particularity of crew occupation. The third part analyzes the present situation of legislation and practice of crew social insurance in China, reveals the practical problems of the current system of crew social insurance in China, and analyzes the causes of the problems. The fourth part is to draw lessons from the experience of the International Labour Organization and other countries in crew social insurance system, broaden the research ideas. The fifth part is to combine our country's national conditions, under the actual economic, cultural and political background, finally puts forward the feasible plan which consummates our country crew's social insurance system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F842.6

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